DMSO - Dimethylsulphoxide

I'm having such an interesting time with this stuff that I was surprised that there wasn't a thread devoted to it though it has been discussed on other threads. I am hereby rectifying that omission.



Health Benefits DMSO: Dimethyl Sulfoxide


Dimethyl Sulfoxide

Also known as: DMSO; Dimethylsulphoxide; RIMSO

Description

Dimethyl Sulfoxide is a Sulfuric Compound originally used as an industrial solvent that since the 1960's has been recognized for various therapeutic benefits - its usage has been highly controversial.


Health Benefits of DMSO

Detoxification

DMSO (administered intravenously) facilitates the excretion of excessive accumulated Amyloid (amyloidosis).


DMSO (applied topically) protects the body against the toxic effects of X-Rays [scientific research - animals].

Excretory System

DMSO (50% solution applied topically to the Feet) alleviates Foot Odour (Bromidrosis) [observations to date indicate that the longer that the DMSO solution is allowed to remain in contact with the feet, the longer thereafter the Foot Odour subsides].

DMSO has been approved by the FDA in the treatment of Interstitial Cystitis (IC) [scientific research - double blind human studies: DMSO markedly improves the condition of 93% of IC patients]:

DMSO treatment for IC should be administered by a suitably qualified medical practitioner - the usual treatment protocol involves the administration of a 50% solution of DMSO intravesically (i.e. instilled into the Urinary Tract) every 2 weeks for 2 sessions of 4 treatments each.

Immune System

DMSO helps to alleviate Allergies (by "unfolding" Cell Membranes, DMSO permits more Antigens to attach to Cell Membranes, where they are more effectively neutralized by Antibodies).


DMSO significantly lessens Inflammation and swelling by reducing inflammatory exudate and enhancing the development of granulation tissue. DMSO facilitates the movement of Macrophages around and through the body's tissues (by increasing the body's production of Migration Inhibitory Factor [MIF]).

Metabolism

DMSO deactivates Hydroxyl Free Radicals (DMSO combines with Hydroxyl Free Radicals to form Dimethyl Sulfone and Water which are then readily excreted from the body).

Musculoskeletal System

DMSO (either applied topically or consumed orally) minimizes the damage caused by crushing injuries such as Bruises and pulled or wrenched Muscles :

- DMSO is a powerful scavenger of Hydroxyl Free Radicals which are responsible for much of the damage caused in these injuries.

- If DMSO is applied quickly to an injury it is possible to eliminate entirely any Bruising.

DMSO alleviates Rheumatoid Arthritis (by deactivating Hydroxyl Free Radicals which are one of the principal causes of the Inflammation and Pain associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis).

Nervous System

DMSO (DMSO/Amino Acid Combination) therapy partially reverses some of the abnormalities that occur in Down's Syndrome [scientific research - humans: DMSO/Amino Acid therapy causes a tendency towards accelerated maturity in Down's Syndrome children treated, with marked progress in language integration. In some cases, this therapy causes the physical appearance of Down's Syndrome children to more closely resemble that of normal children].

DMSO markedly reduces the formation of the abnormal Antibodies that are characteristic of Myasthenia Gravis [scientific research - animals: note that this finding has not yet been confirmed for humans]:

- As a secondary means of alleviating Myasthenia Gravis, DMSO also inhibits the actions of Cholinesterases (similarly to the Anticholinesterase Pharmaceutical Drugs employed by orthodox medicine in the treatment of Myasthenia Gravis).

DMSO alleviates Pain by impeding the conduction of Nerve Impulses relating to the Pain sensation in the smaller Nerve Fibers.


DMSO (1 gram per kg of body weight administered intravenously in a 40% solution within 1 hour of the occurrence of quadriplegia) helps to prevent Paralysis following injuries to the Brain or Spinal Cord (by inhibiting the Free Radical damage that causes Paralysis) [scientific research].

DMSO (1 gram per kg of body weight administered intravenously into the Spinal Cord in a 40% solution within 1 hour of the occurrence of quadriplegia) helps to prevent Paralysis following injuries to the Spinal Cord that would otherwise cause Quadriplegia [scientific research - animals & humans: this treatment often results in total avoidance and reversal of paralysis/quadriplegia].

DMSO (administered intravenously within 4 hours, and preferably within 90 minutes of its occurrence) helps to prevent the after-effects (including Paralysis) following (the Embolic and Hemorrhagic forms of) Stroke [scientific research - animals].

Respiratory System

DMSO (placed directly into the nostrils) can open the blocked Sinuses that are associated with Sinusitis [scientific observation -
humans: relief occurs within minutes].

Skin

DMSO (applied topically) alleviates the lesions that occur as a result of Herpes Zoster (Shingles).

DMSO (applied topically) helps to dissolve the (skin) tissues involved in Scarring [scientific research - humans: a concentration of 50-80% DMSO applied topically 3 times per day flattens raised external scars after several months - microscopic examination of the skin will reveal loosening of Collagen bundles].

DMSO (applied topically) potently alleviates Scleroderma (where Scleroderma affects the Skin).

DMSO Enhances the Function of these Substances

DMSO enhances the bioavailability of many substances (it has the capability to transport many therapeutic substances across the body's Cell Membranes without altering the integrity of Cell Membranes). By increasing their bioavailability, DMSO permits a lower dosage of some drugs than would otherwise be required.

Enzymes

DMSO inhibits the release of Cholinesterases (i.e. it possesses similar properties to Pharmaceutical Anticholinesterases).

Hormones

When exogenous forms of endogenous Steroids (including Testosterone and the Hydrocortisone form of Cortisone) are dissolved in DMSO prior to topical application, their topical bioavailability increases by 300% [scientific research - humans].

Immune System Chemicals

DMSO can enter Cells to prime or activate the sub-cellular mechanisms involved in the production and release of Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and in addition, produces a cofactor that enhances MIF or has MIF-like activity.

Neurotransmitters

DMSO facilitates the transport of (supplemental) Gamma Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) across the Blood-Brain Barrier (without DMSO as a carrier-vehicle, GABA poorly crosses the Blood-Brain Barrier).

Pharmaceutical Drugs

DMSO enhances the bioavailability and effectiveness of many Anti-Viral Pharmaceutical Drugs (DMSO facilitates their transport directly across Cell Membranes into Cells where they are most potent against Viruses).

DMSO facilitates the absorption of Penicillins - i.e. Penicillins can be dissolved in DMSO and applied topically where they are efficiently transported across the Skin.

These Substances Enhance the Function of DMSO

Antioxidants

Antioxidants counteract DMSO's tendency to convert to Sulfoxide Free Radicals.

Side Effects of DMSO Therapy

Excretory System

DMSO (temporarily) causes Halitosis in the form of a garlic-like odor of the breath (this odor is very unpleasant and appears to be the major practical drawback in the usage of DMSO).

Free Radicals

After chemically reacting with Hydroxyl Free Radicals, DMSO is converted to a Sulfoxide Free Radical.

Skin

Itching is a common side effect of topical DMSO therapy - this side effect can usually be avoided by diluting the concentration of DMSO. Skin Rashes are a common side effect of topical DMSO therapy - this side effect can usually be avoided by diluting the concentration of DMSO.

Myths Dispelled

Eyes/Eyesight

DMSO is often avoided by orthodox medical practitioners due to UNFOUNDED fears that it can cause Cataracts and other changes within the human Eye:

- This aspect of DMSO toxicology has been extensively tested in both animals and humans: the results clearly show that DMSO does NOT cause Cataracts in humans even at extremely high dosages for periods up to two years. No adverse changes were found in human or monkey eyes after prolonged, high levels (up to 30 times the usual dosage) of DMSO treatment.


- The myth regarding DMSO's toxicity to human Eyes arises from toxicology studies that show that DMSO DOES cause Cataracts and other changes in the Eyes of both dogs and rabbits, however the toxicity of DMSO to the eyes of these animals definitely differs from that of humans.

Bioavailability

DMSO has the ability to pass through every tissue and Cell Membrane of the body except the Enamel of Teeth, fingernails and Hair without destroying the integrity of these tissues and Cell Membranes (i.e. it is a membrane penetrate). DMSO also permits the passage of a number of compounds across the barriers of Cell Membranes.

DMSO is readily absorbed when administered topically onto human Skin - peak levels occur after 4-8 hours. Topical administered DMSO is slightly less bioavailable than orally ingested DMSO.

Orally ingested DMSO is also rapidly absorbed and reaches a blood serum peak in 4 hours and becomes undetectable after 120 hours.

DMSO readily crosses the Blood-Brain Barrier (this property of DMSO allows its utilization as an effective vehicle for transporting other substances that may not normally cross the Blood-Brain Barrier).

DMSO is excreted from the body partly in an unchanged state and partly as its metabolite - Dimethyl Sulfoxone (DMSO2).

DMSO as part of the Global Sulfur Cycle

DMSO is an intermediate product of the methyl-S-methane global Sulfur cycle which distributes bioavailable Sulfur for all animal and plant life. Approximately 85% of Sulfur (for life) is derived from the pathway:

- Sulfonium Salts > Dimethylsulfide > Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) > Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM)

- Sulfonium Salts (produced by phytoplankton in Water) yield the volatile thioether named Dimethylsulfide which is released into the upper atmosphere.

- Sunlight catalyzes the oxidation of Dimethylsufide to DMSO.

- DMSO is further oxidized in the upper atmosphere (by Sunlight) to form MSM.

- This MSM is then concentrated into raindrops which return to the surface of the earth.

- Plants absorb and accumulate this MSM (and use some of this MSM for bulding Sulfuric compounds).

Forms of DMSO

DMSO is manufactured in liquid and gel forms.

Dosage Recommendations

Long Term Dosage Reduction

Less DMSO is required to achieve therapeutic results as time passes (i.e. the cumulative effects of DMSO appear to increase with the passage of time).

Topical Therapeutic Dosage Protocol

The liquid form of DMSO is the most effective form of topical DMSO application, although most people prefer the gel form.


Topically applied DMSO is not rubbed onto the Skin but painted or patted on with a thin coating.


The concentration of DMSO used in topical treatments should ideally be individualized on a cases by case basis - the optimal concentration varies from 50-80% DMSO.

The Face and Neck are more sensitive to topical DMSO than other parts of the body - the maximum concentration of DMSO for application to the Face or Neck should be no greater than 50%.


Topical applications of DMSO should not exceed 70% in areas of the skin affected by poor circulation. It is desirable to commence topical DMSO treatment at low concentrations until Skin tolerance builds up.

The Skin must be clean, dry and unbroken before topical application of DMSO.
Aloe Vera gel is an excellent remedy for the temporary Skin irritation that sometimes occurs as a result of topical DMSO therapy.

Oral DMSO Dosage Protocol

The usual oral dosage of DMSO is 1 - 2 teaspoons (5 - 10 ml) per day.

Oral DMSO is normally mixed with Tomato juice or Grape juice to mask its "foul" taste.

Intravenous Injections of DMSO Dosage Protocol

Up to 20 cc DMSO that has been diluted to a 25% concentration with sterile water is often administered via intravenous injection by suitably trained physicians for the treatment of the more serious degenerative diseases.


Injected DMSO is not administered by infusion or by the drip technique but is administered by the "slow push" method which involves a slow push into the bloodstream all at once.

Intravenous Drip DMSO Dosage Protocol

The slow intravenous drip method is applied over a 2-3 hour period. It involves the addition of 50-100 cc DMSO to a 500 cc glucose or saline solution, dripped into a vein in the patient's arm. This method should only be administered by a suitably qualified physician.

Commercial Availability of DMSO

Industrial Grade DMSO

Caution: many of the industrial grade DMSO solutions intended for use as solvents have an acid or Acetone contamination of several percent. Acetone contamination can lead to serious medical consequences - because of its small molecular weight, Acetone is readily carried into the blood by Acetone-contaminated DMSO.

Source of Commercial DMSO

In the USA, commercially manufactured DMSO is derived from Lignin.

DMSO/Water Combinations

Brand Composition Description
RIMSO-50: 50% DMSO
50% Water Pure pharmaceutical grade DMSO manufactured by Terra Pharmaceuticals Inc. of Buena Park, California.
Supplied in 50 cc vials.
Domosa: 90% DMSO
10% Water Pharmaceutical grade DMSO suitable for injection or for further dilution with water for topical or oral ingestion.
Supplied in pint bottles and in gallon bottles for veterinary use.
Dimexide: Brand name for DMSO in Russia.

DMSO/Amino Acid Combinations

Brand Country Available Description
Akron:
Merinex: Argentina
Chile DMSO combined with Amino Acids (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid [GABA], Gamma-Amino-Beta-Hydroxybutyric Acid [GABOB] and Acetylglutamine).5 ml ampoules (for intramuscular injection) and capsules (for oral administration).The dosage protocol for DMSO/Amino Acid combinations involves one intramuscular injection every 2nd day and 2 or 3 capsules orally each day. Injections are suspended every 40 days for a rest period of 1 month during which capsules are still used. This program of treatment normally lasts for 1 year.Akron and Merinex are not approved by the FDA for use in the USA.

Vasoactive DMSO Combinations

Ipran is the trade name of a vasoactive DMSO product, however this product has not been approved for use in the USA.

DMSO's Chemical Structure

The DMSO molecule is ten-sided with a center occupied by a Sulfur atom. It contains two methyl groups - an oxygen atom and a nonbinding electron pair - located at the points of the tetrahydron.

Molecular weight: 78.15
Freezing point: 68 degrees Fahrenheit

Well I apologize if anything I'm about to post has been discussed on the forum before, or if anything in my post has already been discussed above, but I found a page that talks of how DMSO could be used for heavy metal detoxes (which made me confuse it with DMSA, my mistake!), so I thought it might complement Laura's data. Also, DMSO might be useful for an anti-candida plan.

_http://www.healthandlongevity.org/dmso-therapy

Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) has been used for years among professional athletes to treat muscle related sports injuries. Now anyone who suffers from arthritis, back pain,, circulation problems, tissue damage and degenerative diseases, fibromyalgia, poor circulation can benefit from the natural anti-inflammatory properties of DMSO.
Source of Organic Sulfur

DMSO is a rich source of organic sulfur. This is a mineral, non-metallic sulfur compound, which occurs widely in nature. When salt rich ocean water vaporizes, it is oxidized into DMSO. It then dissolves in atmospheric moisture, caught in the clouds and falls to the earth when it rains or snows.

Garlic is widely considered a powerful healing agent predominantly because of the sulfur in it. Dimethyl Sulfoxide is effective for the same reason. In fact this colorless, oily-feeling liquid has a garlic-like odor because of its sulfur.
DMSO Benefits:

* DMSO Therapy is a natural anti-inflammatory solution for pain, circulation problems, tissue damage and degenerative diseases, fibromyalgia, arthritis, back pain, poor circulation.
* DMSO has been used by professional athletes for decades to heal muscle injuries, and to stop muscle pain.
* DMSO helps to reduce the swelling, which is a result of inflammation of tissues and cartilages that have been injured.
DMSO reduces inflammation and stimulates wound healing by acting as natural anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal, and, therefore, anti-inflammatory substance.
* DMSO helps to heal muscles by enhancing the transport of minerals across cell membranes to improve their absorption.

Our DMSO Intravenous (IV) Therapy

After checking your blood work to see if you are a candidate for DMSO Treatment, we will administer a DMSO IV treatment. The therapy is administered by a qualified RN or MD will not take up much of your time. You may be asked to come back for a follow up visit to make sure the treatment is delivering results.

Q&A About DMSO:
Why does the body need sulfur?

The body uses sulfur to continually create new healthy cells to replace old ones. Without it, the body will produce weak dysfunctional cells. Sulfur is needed to maintain cell membrane permeability.

This is important for detoxification: to ensure, that nutrients are delivered into the cells, and toxins and waste products can exit the cells. Sulfur is essential for the formation and maintenance of connective tissue, to combat inflammation, support a strong healthy immune system.
What happens when we don't have enough sulfur?

Sulfur deficiencies are common as it is lost in food processing. Sulfur deficiencies are associated with: slow wound healing, scar tissue, brittle nails, brittle hair, gastrointestinal problems, inflammation, lung dysfunction, immune dysfunction, arthritis, acne, rashes, depression, memory loss.
Are There Other Benefits to DMSO?

Yes. DMSO can assist in Heavy Metal Detoxification. Heavy metals ( mercury, lead, aluminum, cadmium, arsenic, nickel ) are very difficult to detoxify from, and they are the root of many diseases.

Sulfur is a mineral and a major ingredient of certain amino acids, which bind with minerals or heavy metals. Body drops heavy metals for minerals, which in this case would be sulfur. Amino acids substitute sulfur for toxic heavy metals, bind with them, and eliminate them via urination, defecation and sweating.

Also, DMSO is efficient at scavenging free radicals. It is perfect anti-oxidant.
Can DMSO Help with Authritis Pain?

The fact that DMSO is getting rid of bacteria and viruses, and able to bring down the swelling, inflammation and pain in tissues makes it easier to understand why this sulfur compound is useful in the treatment of arthritis and other related diseases. Clinical studies and patient results have demonstrated that DMSO used to alleviate the causes and symptoms of arthritic inflammation have been very successful.
Synergism With Other Supplements

DMSO is able to move through cell membranes with extreme ease. Since this chemical is also easily binds with so many other chemicals, it is able to transport supplements more efficiently into the cells where are needed. Because of this, the effectiveness of supplements is increased, and lower doses can be possibly used.

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However, while it can bind with hydroxyl free radicals, it needs other antioxidants to prevent the formation of Sulfoxide free radicals, if I understand it right. So, what kind of antioxidant binds with sulfoxide free radicals? Does it have to be a specific kind, or can it be either glutathione, vitamin C, etc.?

Also, is DMSO dangerous for people with sulfur allergies? Based on what I looked up, it could cause topical irritation, but I don't know how it could affect someone if taken orally. Also, could there be a great risk for contamination if the DMSO unexpectedly binds with some nasty compound and carries it into the cells?

Apologies if these are questions that I could have easily researched on my own, but my knowledge of organic and biochemistry is extremely limited. Thank you for posting all of this information! It will be a while before it all can properly digest, though. :)

Wow, thanks for the info. I've been hearing about this DMSO around the forum and it seemed like a nice thing to have around the house. A potent cure all it seems. It reminds me of the C's transcript where they were talking about the monoatomic gold. It was mentioned that there was something that can easily transport a medicine or whatever into the blood. And that this would be something that would be kept a secret because of its ease in delivering anything into the body.

zlyja said:

Also, is DMSO dangerous for people with sulfur allergies? Based on what I looked up, it could cause topical irritation, but I don't know how it could affect someone if taken orally. Also, could there be a great risk for contamination if the DMSO unexpectedly binds with some nasty compound and carries it into the cells?

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Best to take care by using DMSO with substances that remove toxins and that are good to our bodies.

I have an allergic tendency to sulfur containing foods which made me hesitant to try DMSO before. But after finding no information for my supposed fears, I've tried DMSO and MSM successfully and without problems.

FWIW, I found some info about sulfur allergies here:

http://www.msmguide.com/facts/faq/#five

Q:I am allergic to sulfur. Can I take MSM?

A:Strictly speaking, the concept of a “sulfur allergy” is a misconception: sulfur is an element, the third most abundant mineral in the human body. It's not possible to be allergic to sulfur because it has no protein component. When people say they are "allergic to sulfur", what they really mean is that they are allergic or sensitive to certain sulfur-containing substances, most notably to sulfa antibiotics (sulfonamides) or to sulfites (preservatives used in wines and some foods), or to foods with a high sulfur content (broccoli or cauliflower).

Many individuals with allergies to sulfa drugs or to sulfites do not experience problems taking MSM, because apart from sulfur, MSM bears no relation to these substances. However, people who are allergic to one drug are more likely to be allergic to another, regardless of its chemical structure. So if you have a known allergy to sulfonamides or to sulfites, consult with your physician before taking MSM.

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http://www.itmonline.org/arts/sulfa.htm
Differentiating Sulfur Compounds

Sulfa Drugs, Glucosamine Sulfate, Sulfur, and Sulfiting Agents

There are several misconceptions about sulfur compounds that lead anxiety about using some natural health care substances. A typical worry is that a person who is allergic to sulfa drugs may have problems with substances that contain sulfur. This article is aimed at clarifying the nature of the substances involved.

First, sulfur is an element of the earth. This element is essential to life, and is the eighth most prevalent element in the human body. No one is allergic to sulfur itself. Sulfur is not present as an isolated element in the body, but in combination with other elements and, most often, in complex molecules. The primary placement of sulfur in the human body is in the sulfur-containing amino acids: methionine, cysteine, homocysteine (and related cystine, homocystine), and taurine.

Disulfide bonds are important to the structural integrity of the connective tissues. Sulfur is a central component of proteins that chelate and remove heavy metals from the body. The benefits of sulfur compounds used in health products is often mentioned. Popular items include alpha-lipoic acid (thiotic acid), methyl-sulfonyl-methane (MSM), allicin (the sulfur compound that is the main active ingredient of garlic), glucosamine sulfate (and its natural polymer, chondroitin), SAMe (S-adenosylmethionine), and several important antioxidants, such as glutathione, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO).

Composition of the Human Body
Hydrogen 63.0
Oxygen 25.5
Carbon 9.5
Nitrogen 1.4
Calcium 0.31
Phosphorus 0.22
Potassium 0.06
Sulfur 0.05
Chlorine 0.03
Sodium 0.03
Magnesium 0.01
All others 0.01
SULFA DRUGS

One of the more common drug allergies is that to sulfa drugs. Sulfa drugs are more appropriately labeled sulfonamides and are derivatives of para-amino benzoic acid. The table below lists common medications that contain a sulfonamide component.
Sulfonamide drug classes/individual drugs that may cause allergic reactions
Sulfonamide Antibiotics
sulfadiazine
sulfamethoxazole
sulfasalazine
sulfisoxazole
sulfacetamide
sulfanilamide
sulfathiazole
sulfabenzamide Thiazide Diuretics
hydrochlorothiazide
chlorthiazide
metolazone
chlorthalidone
indapamide
methyclothiazide Loop Diuretics
furosemide Sulfonylureas
chlorpropamide
tolbutamide
tolazamide
glipizide
glyburide Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
acetazolamide

The sulfa drugs are usually not allergenic by themselves, but when a sulfonamide molecule is metabolized in the body, it is capable of attaching to proteins, thus forming a larger molecule that could serve as an allergen. Thus, the allergy is not to the original drug, but to a drug-protein complex. It is estimated that a skin rash occurs in about 3.5% of hospitalized patients receiving sulfonamides, but people with HIV infection seem to have a considerably higher sensitivity to them.

A sulfanomide (see sample structure, below) does contain sulfur, but the sulfur atoms are imbedded in a complex molecule. The sulfur atom is not the allergenic agent and being allergic to sulfa drugs does not imply having a propensity to allergy to other sulfur compounds. Rather, it is a unique property of this kind of compound, namely that it can form proteins that are allergenic in some individuals.
Structure of a sulfanomide
GLUCOSAMINE SULFATE

Glucosamine sulfate is an amino acid polymer that combines with sodium or potassium (depending on how it is prepared) and with sulfate (SO4). Neither glucosamine, nor sulfate, are allergenic components. Glucosamine sulfate is not known to cause allergy reactions. Glucosamine sulfate is an existing component in the human body, mainly in the connective tissues. When obtained for use in dietary supplements, glucosamine sulfate is commonly derived from shellfish, such as crabs, where it is present as chitin in the shell materials. If it were poorly prepared, persons with shellfish allergy (the allergy is mainly to the muscle portion that is eaten rather than the shell) might have to worry about taking this product. However, purification of the glucosamine sulfate in the standard processing used for dietary supplements makes it safe for virtually everyone with a shellfish allergy problem. Glucosamine sulfate appears helpful as a dietary supplement for nourishing the joints, because it is involved in the production of cartilage and synovial fluid and may help replenish depleted or damaged tissues; it has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and may protect against development of atherosclerosis. There is no evidence or reason to believe that those who are sensitive to sulfites (see below) or sulfa drugs are at any elevated risk of sensitivity to glucosamine sulfate, so this commonly used supplement can be enjoyed without worry

Structure of glucosamine sulfate

SULFITES

Sulfites (or sulfiting agents) refer to a group of simple chemicals that include sulfur dioxide and sulfite salts. They are produced naturally in some foods, mainly those undergoing fermentation. Sulfites are metabolized to sulfur dioxide under certain conditions that depend on concentration, heat, and pH. Sulfur dioxide has been considered to be the offending component in cases of sulfite hypersensitivity, based on the established sensitivity of asthmatics to inhaled sulfur dioxide. Even so, clinical reports of this sensitivity have involved very few people, and new analytic reports have not appeared in over a decade. This hypersensitivity is often called an allergy, but does not involve immune mechanisms as do reactions that are properly termed allergies.

Some sulfiting agents are FDA approved preservatives that are added to food and pharmaceuticals. The more common sulfiting agents are sodium sulfite (Na2SO3), sodium bisulfite (pictured below; NaHSO3), and sodium metabisulfite (Na2S2O3). Examples of foods containing sulfites are listed in the next table; these foods may only contain sulfites under certain conditions. However, the FDA has banned adding sulfites to fresh fruits and vegetables offered in restaurants and other public venues due to the concerns that were raised. Juices squeezed from lemons and limes will not have sulfites, but bottled or dehydrated juice may contain sulfites.

Structure of sodium bisulfite

Foods that may contain sulfites
Dried soup mixes
Vegetable juices
Baked goods
Canned or dried fish
Dried fruit
Relishes
Maraschino cherries Dehydrated vegetables
Shredded coconut
Sauerkraut
Dried noodle meals
Olives
Pickles
Shrimp, lobster, scallops Lemon and lime juice
Jams and jellies
Grape juice
Wine
Molasses
Gravies
Potatoes

A sulfite reaction is different from a sulfonamide allergy (a reaction to sulfa drugs) because sulfites and sulfonamides are entirely different chemicals and have unrelated mechanisms of reaction. A person sensitive to sulfites is no more likely to be allergic to sulfonamides than any other individual and vice versa. The following mechanisms of sulfite sensitivity have been proposed:

* cholinergic reflex response
* IgE mediated delayed hypersensitivity
* sulfite oxidase deficiency

No antibody or specific complement activity (as would be found in true allergies) has been identified in association with sulfite exposure. Sulfite sensitivity is a matter that is complicated by the fact that it is often reported by persons who display several types of hypersensitivity, so that it is difficult to confirm that sulfites are actually causative factors in perceived reactions. For example, a study of asthmatics who were sensitive to wine indicated that there appeared to be a reduced sensitivity to sulfite-free wine, but that this was likely due to other differences in the wine products, since direct challenge with high-sulfite wine only rarely was associated with a reaction. Reactions to red wines, which appear to occur more often than to white wines, are apparently associated primarily with compounds in the wine other than sulfites.

The FDA estimates that about 1% of the population may have some degree of sulfite sensitivity, while that figure rises to 5% of asthmatics, mainly affecting those with severe persistent asthma. Because of concerns about sulfite sensitivity, there is a requirement imposed by the FDA to label packaged foods as having sulfites if they contain as little as 10 ppm. Generally, foods with less than 100 ppm of sulfites will not affect sensitive asthmatics, so there is a ten-fold safety margin. From 1996 through mid-1999, the FDA received a total of only 34 reports (about 10 per year) of adverse reactions allegedly due to eating foods containing undeclared sulfites. FDA specialists in the area of sulfites have not discovered the mechanism that is responsible for the apparent reactions. However, if sulfur dioxide acts in sensitive individuals to cause constriction, this could explain both the asthmatic response and the report that some people suffer headaches. Hospitals may have to consider extra precautions about sulfites used as preservatives in their drugs because people with serious illness may have a heightened degree of sensitivity or more diverse reactions to sulfur dioxide and the drugs may be introduced directly into the blood stream or lungs.

Several years ago, a large Western herb company began promoting the idea that Chinese herbs were problematic for those with sulfite sensitivity because many of them were treated with sulfites. Sulfur treatment is sometimes used to prevent herbs from deteriorating, usually by placing the herbs on a screen and having sulfur vapors briefly flow from below the screen, which could leave traces of sulfur dioxide (sulfur prevents the herbs from deteriorating). At the Institute for Traditional Medicine, herb formulations have been provided for nearly 20 years and administered to hundreds of thousands of people seeking Chinese medical health care. Among these people are many who claim to be sulfite sensitive. ITM has not received any reports of sulfite-sensitive patients having evident sulfite reactions to the herb products, despite the fact that some of the herbs are "sulfured". It may well be that there is so little residual sulfur dioxide (and any related compounds) that it doesn't cause a reaction, or it may be that the form of sulfur residue is not one that causes the reactions, or it may be that many of the sensitivities that are described as reactions to sulfites are not actually reactions to sulfites. Nonetheless, some Chinese herb companies have described the items that they provide as "sulfur-free" in response to the concerns that were raised. It is not known whether they routinely use different herb materials in support of those claims.

December 2005
APPENDIX 1: Example of Using Sulfur Compounds: Allicin-DMSO Spray

A unique formulation with two sulfur ingredients is the result of collaboration between several individuals and organizations. Allicin refers to a highly concentrated extract of garlic, rich in antibiotic and mucolytic compounds (of which the sulfur compound allicin is the main one) that is manufactured in Shanghai, China under strict quality control measures and imported to the U.S. by Dr. Qingcai Zhang. The extract comes in hermetically sealed vials that are used for intravenous applications of the garlic extract. Several clinics have used this imported allicin for respiratory therapy (in a nebulizer), for intestinal infections (by retention enema), and for systemic infections (by IV administration). DMSO is a refined component from trees that has several applications, including antioxidant therapy, though it is especially known for its highly penetrating characteristics: it is used to help carry other substances to areas of the body that are congested or difficult to penetrate. DMSO (dimethyl-sulfoxide) and its derivative compound, MSM (methyl-sulfonyl-methane), are also being used as sulfur donor molecules in treatment of several inflammatory disorders, including arthritis. Dr. Stan Jacobs, at the Oregon Health Sciences University, is the leading expert in use of DMSO and MSM; he had provided the recommendations for use of DMSO for this spray. The combination has now been in use for twelve years, with excellent acceptance and no adverse reports. The DMSO (pharmaceutical grade) and allicin are combined and packaged with a unique nasal sprayer by John Rawson of Flander's Pharmacy in Portland, Oregon. The allicin and DMSO are passed through microfilters to guarantee freedom from micro-organisms. The spray nozzle produces a very fine mist that penetrates the congested areas. Due to the particular characteristics of the spray unit, the glass bottles containing the allicin-DMSO mixture are not full, though they are packed with the correct amount of fluid.

Structure of DMSO
DMSO Structure of allicin
Allicin

The primary indication for this nasal spray is for helping to alleviate persistent nasal congestion that is due to nasal infections resistant to standard antibiotics or resistant to decongestant therapies; it might also be applied in cases of persisting congestion due to allergies. The spray can be used as needed, up to 6 times per day, with one or two doses (sprays) delivered each time. The allicin component of the formulation may produce a temporary stinging sensation in some users. Both the allicin and DMSO have a garlic-like smell.

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Laura said:

DMSO (applied topically) protects the body against the toxic effects of X-Rays [scientific research - animals].

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Sounds like this would be good to have if I get stuck going thru one of those machines in the airport eh? In all seriousness tho this stuff really sounds like the miracle cure for a lot of different ailments. Thanks for all the info you guys!

I'm picking up bits and pieces about it here and there.

http://www.cdadc.com/ds/dmso.htm

Dimethyl Sulfoxide is seldom used on it's own in treating Down Syndrome. DMSO is mainly used as a carrier for other nutrients. By this, I mean, it has been found that DMSO will move vitamins and so on much more readily through cell membranes, thus allowing more of the nutrient into the cell. Which is one of the biggest benefits of DMSO in providing treatment to those with Down Syndrome.

Another benefit of DMSO : It is one of the most powerful antioxidants around, far superior I understand to any vitamin or mineral. This DMSO antioxidant property is of vital interest in those treating Down Syndrome, as Down Syndrome individuals are believed to have higher levels of damaging oxidation in the brain, which may then cause dementia, such as Alzheimer's Disease.

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Laura said:

I'm picking up bits and pieces about it here and there.

http://www.cdadc.com/ds/dmso.htm

Dimethyl Sulfoxide is seldom used on it's own in treating Down Syndrome. DMSO is mainly used as a carrier for other nutrients. By this, I mean, it has been found that DMSO will move vitamins and so on much more readily through cell membranes, thus allowing more of the nutrient into the cell. Which is one of the biggest benefits of DMSO in providing treatment to those with Down Syndrome.

Another benefit of DMSO : It is one of the most powerful antioxidants around, far superior I understand to any vitamin or mineral. This DMSO antioxidant property is of vital interest in those treating Down Syndrome, as Down Syndrome individuals are believed to have higher levels of damaging oxidation in the brain, which may then cause dementia, such as Alzheimer's Disease.

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Does that mean you can take it internally?

Mrs. Peel said:

Laura said:

I'm picking up bits and pieces about it here and there.

http://www.cdadc.com/ds/dmso.htm

Dimethyl Sulfoxide is seldom used on it's own in treating Down Syndrome. DMSO is mainly used as a carrier for other nutrients. By this, I mean, it has been found that DMSO will move vitamins and so on much more readily through cell membranes, thus allowing more of the nutrient into the cell. Which is one of the biggest benefits of DMSO in providing treatment to those with Down Syndrome.

Another benefit of DMSO : It is one of the most powerful antioxidants around, far superior I understand to any vitamin or mineral. This DMSO antioxidant property is of vital interest in those treating Down Syndrome, as Down Syndrome individuals are believed to have higher levels of damaging oxidation in the brain, which may then cause dementia, such as Alzheimer's Disease.

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Does that mean you can take it internally?

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Good question. I find that after I use DMSO topically for awhile I just feel better. DMSO internally would probably work gangbusters on general inflammation. Can DMSO be used safely internally? The same stuff that is used topically?

Mac

Yeah, but be ready to have an "asparagus" smell emanating from your body ;) DMSO can last for days, it takes 120 hours or so in order to be eliminated from the body, so that is another thing that can be considered when taken orally. But FWIW:

Morton Walker said:

The usual dosage of DMSO is one to two teaspoons per day. [...]

Certain fair-skinned people such as those with red or blond hair and blue eyes are more sensitive to DMSO. For them, the topical, oral, or intravenous concentration should be 50% or less, particularly around the face and neck." -DMSO, Nature's Healer by Dr. Morton Walker.

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Mac said:

Good question. I find that after I use DMSO topically for awhile I just feel better. DMSO internally would probably work gangbusters on general inflammation. Can DMSO be used safely internally? The same stuff that is used topically?

Mac

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Well, I found this:

http://www.arthritistoday.org/treatments/supplement-guide/supplements/dmso.php

take internally, only if prescribed by a physician.

Side effects of DMSO taken internally include headache, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation and anorexia. Topical DMSO also can cause skin irritation and dermatitis. Do not use DMSO if you have diabetes, asthma or liver, kidney or heart conditions. Never take industrial-grade DMSO. Wash off any lotions or skin products before applying DMSO.

The initial post by Laura has summarized info from the book DMSO: Nature's Healer by Dr. Morton Walker, it also has the recommended concentrations, precautions and the possible routes of DMSO:

http://www.hypermed.com.au/updates/DMSO%20-%20Information.htm

Dosage Recommendations

Long Term Dosage Reduction

Less DMSO is required to achieve therapeutic results as time passes (i.e. the cumulative effects of DMSO appear to increase with the passage of time).

Topical Therapeutic Dosage Protocol

The liquid form of DMSO is the most effective form of topical DMSO application, although most people prefer the gel form.


Topically applied DMSO is not rubbed onto the Skin but painted or patted on with a thin coating.


The concentration of DMSO used in topical treatments should ideally be individualized on a cases by case basis - the optimal concentration varies from 50-80% DMSO.

The Face and Neck are more sensitive to topical DMSO than other parts of the body - the maximum concentration of DMSO for application to the Face or Neck should be no greater than 50%.


Topical applications of DMSO should not exceed 70% in areas of the skin affected by poor circulation. It is desirable to commence topical DMSO treatment at low concentrations until Skin tolerance builds up.

The Skin must be clean, dry and unbroken before topical application of DMSO.
Aloe Vera gel is an excellent remedy for the temporary Skin irritation that sometimes occurs as a result of topical DMSO therapy.


Oral DMSO Dosage Protocol

The usual oral dosage of DMSO is 1 - 2 teaspoons (5 - 10 ml) per day.
Oral DMSO is normally mixed with Tomato juice or Grape juice to mask its "foul" taste.

Intravenous Injections of DMSO Dosage Protocol

Up to 20 cc DMSO that has been diluted to a 25% concentration with sterile water is often administered via intravenous injection by suitably trained physicians for the treatment of the more serious degenerative diseases.


Injected DMSO is not administered by infusion or by the drip technique but is administered by the "slow push" method which involves a slow push into the bloodstream all at once.

Intravenous Drip DMSO Dosage Protocol

The slow intravenous drip method is applied over a 2-3 hour period. It involves the addition of 50-100 cc DMSO to a 500 cc glucose or saline solution, dripped into a vein in the patient's arm. This method should only be administered by a suitably qualified physician.

Commercial Availability of DMSO

Industrial Grade DMSO

Caution: many of the industrial grade DMSO solutions intended for use as solvents have an acid or Acetone contamination of several percent. Acetone contamination can lead to serious medical consequences - because of its small molecular weight, Acetone is readily carried into the blood by Acetone-contaminated DMSO.

Source of Commercial DMSO

In the USA, commercially manufactured DMSO is derived from Lignin.

DMSO/Water Combinations

Brand Composition Description
RIMSO-50: 50% DMSO
50% Water Pure pharmaceutical grade DMSO manufactured by Terra Pharmaceuticals Inc. of Buena Park, California.
Supplied in 50 cc vials.
Domosa: 90% DMSO
10% Water Pharmaceutical grade DMSO suitable for injection or for further dilution with water for topical or oral ingestion.
Supplied in pint bottles and in gallon bottles for veterinary use.
Dimexide: Brand name for DMSO in Russia.

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Mrs. Peel said:

_http://www.arthritistoday.org/treatments/supplement-guide/supplements/dmso.php

take internally, only if prescribed by a physician.

Side effects of DMSO taken internally include headache, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation and anorexia. Topical DMSO also can cause skin irritation and dermatitis. Do not use DMSO if you have diabetes, asthma or liver, kidney or heart conditions. Never take industrial-grade DMSO. Wash off any lotions or skin products before applying DMSO.

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And these are the sponsors of that organization: _http://www.arthritis.org/sponsors.php

Also, "The Arthritis Foundation complies with the National Health Council's Standards of Excellence."

In other words, it compiles with FDA and Big Pharma's standards of medical control

Anyhow, it is probably best to try a diluted concentration of DMSO to see how the body responds. 50% or less seems to be the way to go.

I've used 70% concentrations orally, not daily, but depending on inflammatory status. I plan to reduce, as specified in the initial article posted by Laura, "less DMSO is required to achieve therapeutic results as time passes"

Wow, thanks for all the info, Psyche! I learned way more about allergens and organic compounds in your post than I would have looking through my textbook for an hour.

About the Allicin-DMSO nasal spray suggested in the article: I couldn't find anything like it being sold online. Do you think that one would be able to make something like it at home?

I'm not very familiar with diluting substances, but you say that about a <=50% concentration of DMSO is good, yes? So, say if you want a 50% concentration of DMSO in 100ml of water, you would need 50 grams of DMSO. If you wanted to add allicin extract to it, then would it be better to add 25g DMSO and 25g allicin extract to 100ml of water? Or would that not be potent enough? How about 50g DMSO and 50g allicin in 100ml of water?

Sorry to be asking you math questions on a health forum, but I really don't have much of a clue on proper dosages. I wanted to suggest this idea to my mother, as she has chronic sinus infections and the antibiotics she takes for it don't cure it completely. Again, thank you for the information. :)

If you haven't bought your DMSO bottle, I think you can get a 50% concentration online which you can use for this purpose. But I don't see why you can't dilute at home, but you have to use distilled water.

50g of DMSO in 100g water = 50/100 = 50% concentration.
25g of DMSO in 100ml water would be 25% concentration DMSO.

Here are allicin levels and dosage recommendations which you can add to the 50% concentration:

http://www.nutraproductsinc.com/nutraselect/NPIALLICINDOSAGEREC.pdf

I'm going through the DMSO book (just got started today), if I find other suggestions, I'll post them.

I have some pharmaceutical grade DMSO and I pour about two teaspoons in a glass in the evening, put my 20 mg of doxycycline in it, add about 2 teaspoons of distilled water, and then take it in my mouth and swish it around for about 2 or 3 minutes and then swallow it. So I guess it is about 50% solution. It's REALLY working on my mouth. That inflamed area of my jaw has calmed down about 70% in just a couple of days. Or more, actually. I expect it to be completely soothed by tomorrow after tonight's dose of DMSO.