I have been to the United Arab Emirates quite a number of times on business as I was working for a Turkish construction company. We have also sent workers there but we would make sure that they would stay in a decent hotel with AC and shower, all meals included etc. The system works like this : A local client opens a bid and the mostly local construction companies offer prices for the bid. Someone wins the bid and then it subcontracts the various jobs to sub-contractors. When foreign workers go to the emirates, their visa is issued on sponsorship which means that the company who has been a sponsor for these workers is literally responsible of everything they do while they stay in the emirates. So taking the passports is a way of guaranteeing that the workers only work for them (not that I approve of it) But once we had an incident with our workers. They were working on the roof and they refused to wear safety belts but the site manager insisted that they should wear the belts because if an accident occurs then the site manager would be responsible. But our worker refused to wear it anyway and told all the other workers we had sent to stop working. I had stomach aches talking with the workers and telling them to start working again because we had to pay penalties for delayed assembly . There were a lot of indian (from India) and philipino workers there. Yes, they work in deplorable conditions. And the heat is unbearable plus the high humidity. It is 45- 50 degrees centigrade in the shade, your brain just boils. Our agent had told us that they stayed at shacks at the site and that our workers were lucky !