I just finished reading a book by historian Philip R. Davies, called Memories of Ancient Israel: An Introduction to Biblical History--Ancient and Modern. It's something of a "how to" guide for the study of history related to the Bible. There's an interesting passage on page 141 where he writes:
This is a common view in history writing. But is Davies really correct? Is it so simple? Or is there a middle ground. That is, is it possible 1) that human motivation is directed by supernatural beings and 2) that history is intelligible as such? Yes, if we accept "divine cause" for history, we can't verify. Just look at all the Christians and Jews who use the "fact" that "God said so" as justification for their political maneuverings. But on the subject of supernatural events and influence, historians can't verify improbable events. Sure, they may have happened, but the equally well may not have happened. And if they did happen, all the can be verified is that much, not the interpretation of the event. Take the Fatima "miracles". Looks pretty likely they happened, but was it the "Blessed Virgin Mary" or something else?
I have some more thoughts on the subject, but I want some feedback first to help formulate them. What do you all think?
If historians allow each other to claim that such-and-such an event was caused by divine (or extraterrestrial) intervention, we are allowing a cause that cannot be verified not just empirically but metaphysically, and, more importantly, cannot be controlled. What if all history is really dictated by supernatural beings? That was a widespread belief in ancient societies, including, probably, ancient Israel and Judah. If that is the case, then history is a waste of time: we can neither understand nor explain it. Human motivation is irrelevant, since it is all in principle due to supernatural direction. In my view, modern history writing, by its very nature, cannot include miraculous explanation, even if the historian as an individual may believe in such things. It can be regarded, after all, as a subspecies of improbable event of the kind that the historian is not allowed to propose. Whether miracles happen, like whether earth has been invaded in the past by extraterrestrials, is something that lies outside the competence of history to explain.
This is a common view in history writing. But is Davies really correct? Is it so simple? Or is there a middle ground. That is, is it possible 1) that human motivation is directed by supernatural beings and 2) that history is intelligible as such? Yes, if we accept "divine cause" for history, we can't verify. Just look at all the Christians and Jews who use the "fact" that "God said so" as justification for their political maneuverings. But on the subject of supernatural events and influence, historians can't verify improbable events. Sure, they may have happened, but the equally well may not have happened. And if they did happen, all the can be verified is that much, not the interpretation of the event. Take the Fatima "miracles". Looks pretty likely they happened, but was it the "Blessed Virgin Mary" or something else?
I have some more thoughts on the subject, but I want some feedback first to help formulate them. What do you all think?