Laura recently recommended the following book by Timothy Ashworth (who happens to be a Quaker):
I just started reading it yesterday, and so far am only through the first chapter or two, but already I can say it is amazing and important. In just the first chapter he sums up some of the main points of Engberg-Pedersen's work connecting Paul to Stoicism (discussed on the forum here), but in language that must easier to understand. I think the fact that he managed to come to a near-identical understanding of this aspect of Paul's thought, seemingly without reference to EP's work, is a nice confirmation that they're on the right track. I'm speaking of his work on translating Paul's "dikaioo" language (righteousness/justification). I've only just started, but it looks like he has discovered the "keys" to unlocking much of Paul's meaning. And the correspondences to Gurdjieff's "esoteric Christianity", and the Cs material is amazing. So feel free to post your thoughts on the book here. I think the discussion will be quite fruitful!
To start things off, here is his summary on what can be concluded about Paul's "justification" language:
The connection with EP's Stoic model should be immediately apparent: the 'ascension' to the 'X-state', akin to the Stoic sage, in which right action is a constant feature; also STO vs STS; and Gurdjieff's "Real 'I'" in contrast to our ordinary mechanical state, and the necessity of the "first initiation".
I just started reading it yesterday, and so far am only through the first chapter or two, but already I can say it is amazing and important. In just the first chapter he sums up some of the main points of Engberg-Pedersen's work connecting Paul to Stoicism (discussed on the forum here), but in language that must easier to understand. I think the fact that he managed to come to a near-identical understanding of this aspect of Paul's thought, seemingly without reference to EP's work, is a nice confirmation that they're on the right track. I'm speaking of his work on translating Paul's "dikaioo" language (righteousness/justification). I've only just started, but it looks like he has discovered the "keys" to unlocking much of Paul's meaning. And the correspondences to Gurdjieff's "esoteric Christianity", and the Cs material is amazing. So feel free to post your thoughts on the book here. I think the discussion will be quite fruitful!
To start things off, here is his summary on what can be concluded about Paul's "justification" language:
(a) how by dikaiosunē (righteousness) Paul means ‘a state/manner of existing which subsists in a way of doing what is right’;
(b) that this definition can apply to the different settings in which Paul uses this word: of both God and humankind and of human life based on both faith and the law;
(c) that by dikaioō (‘to be justified’ in the passive voice) Paul means ‘to be given the state/manner of existing which subsists in the way of doing what is right by faith’;
(d) that when he uses this word, Paul is indicating a real change in the individual which can be well expressed by the English word ‘absolution’ – a setting free from sin;
(e) that associated with this absolution is a new perception of what sin is.
The connection with EP's Stoic model should be immediately apparent: the 'ascension' to the 'X-state', akin to the Stoic sage, in which right action is a constant feature; also STO vs STS; and Gurdjieff's "Real 'I'" in contrast to our ordinary mechanical state, and the necessity of the "first initiation".
Last edited by a moderator: