Personality Trait That Doubles Alzheimer’s Risk? Or bad science?

Laura

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http://www.spring.org.uk/2014/10/the-personality-trait-that-doubles-alzheimers-risk.php

Anxiety, jealousy and moodiness in middle age are associated with doubling the risk of developing Alzheimer’s, a new study finds.

The study followed 800 women for 38 years and looked at the effects of their neuroticism on the chance of developing dementia.

Neuroticism is a personality trait that includes moodiness, worrying and anxiety.

In general, people who are neurotic are more likely to be anxious, depressed, jealous or envious.

Along with the personality test, the women were also asked if they’d recently been through a stressful period in their lives that lasted one month or more.

This could have been due to work, family, or other circumstance, and it might have caused irritability, lack of sleep, anxiety or fear.

The women were also given tests of their memory, since problems with this are one of the main signs of dementia.

The results showed that more neurotic women who were under high levels of stress were more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease.

Out of the original 800, 63 women were high on neuroticism, and of these 25%, or 16 people developed Alzheimer’s

In comparison, 64 women were low on neuroticism and only 13%, or 8 of these people, developed Alzheimer’s.

So, basically, this is a badly reported study because so many factors are mixed up together. People who are neurotic, and thus anxious or worrywarts and NOT necessarily also jealous or moody! In fact, many neurotic people are the exact opposite: they tend to go overboard to avoid being unfair to others.

Also notice that the main factor seemed to be a certain type of what this study is calling "neuroticism", i.e. moodiness and jealousy which they mix up with anxiety, who are UNDER STRESS, seem to be more inclined to develop Alzheimer's.
 
My first reaction was that probably psychiatric drugs are the main missing factor here. Nowadays, people with the symptoms described in the study are prescribed psychiatric drugs which then turn even the most banal of problems into real problems: medical diseases, psychiatric diseases, dementia-like problems (chemical lobotomies), etc.

I am a witness of how the medical system works in Spain though, which is the number one consumer country (not even the United States) of psychiatric drugs. I've seen people taking anti-anxiety drugs for what amounts to banal temper tantrums here.

People don't develop skills to deal with their emotions nor are they taught to cope with stress, so I wouldn't be surprised if that alone leads to brain atrophy. The widespread availability of psychiatric drugs are a big contributing factor to the lack of skill development though. That goes on both sides: patients and health care providers. Everything else: the control system and the ponerization of every single aspect of daily life goes hand in hand with all of this as well.

Nevertheless, there might be a personality profile which might be a contributing factor to dementia.

My 2 cents!
 
My first reaction was that probably psychiatric drugs are the main missing factor here. Nowadays, people with the symptoms described in the study are prescribed psychiatric drugs which then turn even the most banal of problems into real problems: medical diseases, psychiatric diseases, dementia-like problems (chemical lobotomies), etc.

Good point. I think it would be hard to find 800 middle aged people not taking some kind of psychoactive medications these days.
 
Yupo said:
My first reaction was that probably psychiatric drugs are the main missing factor here. Nowadays, people with the symptoms described in the study are prescribed psychiatric drugs which then turn even the most banal of problems into real problems: medical diseases, psychiatric diseases, dementia-like problems (chemical lobotomies), etc.

Good point. I think it would be hard to find 800 middle aged people not taking some kind of psychoactive medications these days.

Well I read an article today about singer Kris Kristofferson, who was diagnosed as suffering from dementia/Alzheimer and was prescribed psychiatric drugs for several years, when a later test revealed he had Lyme disease, at which point he stopped all his medication prescribed for his "dementia" and started an antibiotic treatment. In no time, he was back to his old self. It's just another testimony of the horrible effect of these drugs on the brain. And I'm not even talking about the scandal of misdiagnosis here. Kris is but an example, but how many people around the world are misdiagnosed in that way and prescribed evil drugs that just destroy their brain?

Extracts:

Apparently Kristofferson had been mis-diagnosed with Alzheimer’s dementia about three years ago, which started more than one medical misadventure for he and his neurologists involving neurotoxic medication trials with drugs. Those drugs that Kristofferson was treated with had been approved by the FDA on the basis of a couple of short-term trials involving only a few hundred so-called “Alzheimer’s Dementia” patients. The results that were submitted to the FDA showed only minimal improvement (albeit “statistically significant”), but only in mild to moderate dementia. Thus treating severely demented patients with those drugs was not FDA-approved (“off-label”).

Kristofferson had thus been treated with what is actually now considered by the medical community to be ineffective, non-curative and the cause of many serious drug-induced adverse effects. In other words, Kristofferson a victim of serious dementia and a resident of Big Pharma-dominated America, was given the standard Alzheimer’s drug treatment: oral Namenda (Novartis) and Exelon (Forest Pharmaceuticals, Inc). Another drug that is similar to Namenda is Aricept (Eisai Pharmaceuticals), which has been found to be equally ineffective.

All three of those drugs are highly profitable synthetic drugs that are non-specific anti-cholinesterase drugs that are now actually widely acknowledged to be useless for any kind of dementia – not to mention the fact that they are all very expensive and carry serious and sometimes debilitating adverse effects which can include somnolence, insomnia, fatigue, appetite suppression, dizziness, depression, confusion, emotional lability, fainting, and even diarrhea!

John Gilbert and I are both Kris Kristofferson fans. We both appreciate his song-writing genius (and performances). In my opinion, his lyrics and tunes rank right up there with Bob Dylan, although Kris was more understandable when performing. Some of my favorite Kristofferson songs that come to mind include Me and Bobby McGee, Loving Her Was Easier, Why Me Lord, Sunday Morning Coming Down, Once More With Feeling, Help Me Make it Through the Night, Jody and the Kid, etc.). At the most recent concert that the Gilberts attended, it was revealed that the singer’s so-called (and mis-diagnosed) Alzheimer’s Disease has been miraculously cured three weeks after he stopped three offending drugs and started antibiotic treatment because he had been found to have a positive blood test for Lyme Disease.

Thus, with a new diagnosis that explained a number of his symptoms, Kristofferson’s new physician stopped the two Alzheimer’s drugs and an (unnamed) antidepressant drug that had been prescribed for so-called fibromyalgia, and he was simultaneously started on a tetracycline antibiotic and an anti-protozoal drug (that was FDA-approved only for protozoal diarrheas, such as could occur from giardiasis).

Within three weeks of stopping the medications and starting the antibiotics, Kristofferson’s dementia had improved dramatically. Not surprisingly, all of the glory has been attributed to the new diagnosis and the antibiotic, rather than to the stoppage of the likely offending drugs, which are all known to commonly cause symptoms that could have caused his dementia or fibromyalgia or depression symptoms (see list above)!

[…]
At this point it is essential to point out that the epidemic of dementia and mental illness and autoimmune disorders in American adults coincides perfectly with the aggressive prescribing of psychiatric drugs, statin (cholesterol-lowering) drugs and the regular use of mercury (in the annual flu shots) and aluminum adjuvants in the vaccines given to adults, adolescents and children (and infants in many cases). Both mercury and aluminum are toxic to the brains and nerve tissues of all animals, including humans, and statin drugs like Lipitor have FDA-required black box warnings because they are known to cause memory loss, the first and essential symptom of dementia.

Full article here: _http://www.globalresearch.ca/kris-kristoffersons-dramatic-cure-of-his-incurable-alzheimers-disease/5541337?platform=hootsuite
 
My mom (retired RN) volunteers at the local hospice center. She tells me that the first thing that happens upon admission is that patients are taken off all their meds, except for any needful pain management drugs. Some die soon, but quite a few perk back up almost immediately. They leave refreshed.
 
Thanks for sharing Laura! I read the paper, and this bit stands out:

Table 4 shows the combined effect of neuroticism and extraversion on risk of AD dementia. Women with high neuroticism/low extraversion had increased risk of developing AD dementia, compared to women with low neuroticism/high extraversion, in the age adjusted model (model 1). After further adjustment for social and medical covariates in model 2 the association were no longer significant. Individuals with high neuroticism/high extraversion or low neuroticism/low extraversion had no increased risk of AD dementia, in any of the models.

I should add that the only meds they checked were antihypertensive medications, and as I understand it, they only included it as it was one of their criteria to determine whether the person has hypertension.

The way they measured distress:

Self-reported distress was assessed at the examinations in 1968, 1974, 1980, 2000 and 2005. The question was; “Have you experienced any period of stress (one month or longer) in relation to circumstances in everyday life, such as work, health, or family situation? Stress referred to feelings of irritability, tension, nervousness, fear, anxiety or sleep disturbances.” Participants were asked to choose; “0: Have never experienced any period of stress; 1: Have experienced period/s of stress more than five years ago; 2: Have experienced one period of stress during the last five years; 3: Have experienced several periods of stress during the last five years; 4: Have experienced constant stress during the last year; or 5: Have experienced constant stress during the last five years”. For the purpose of this study, women who acknowledged responses 3, 4 or 5 were considered to have distress

And they used the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire to assess neuroticism and extraversion.

Found a short example questionnaire of it here: http://similarminds.com/eysenck.html

The paper itself didn't mention jealousy or moodiness, and in the questionnaire above there was only one question about being moody or not (then again not sure if the one they used included them). Perhaps Psyblog added those terms because they associate neuroticism with it, it does sound like many factors being mixed up there!
 

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So it seems that psyblog is rather unreliable. This is not the first time I've noticed them distorting psychological findings/trials/studies.
 

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