Wonders of Wood: Erwin Thoma and his fascinating work - Building houses that need no heating or cooling, are waste free and build to withstand time

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In the following quote is a Grok summary about Dr. Eng. Erwin Thoma and his work (corrected in some places):

Prompt: Summarize all key and important points of Erwin Thoma's life and of his company and also mention all the advatagages of his inventions and of building houses. Also include personal life and carrer changing moments and all the books he has written in german.

Erwin Thoma, born on February 14, 1962, in Bruck an der Großglocknerstraße in the Austrian Alps (Pinzgau region, Salzburg state), grew up with a deep connection to nature and forests. He studied forestry sciences (Forstwissenschaften) and initially worked as a forester. He also has a background in business administration (Betriebswirt). Early in his career, he was active as a hiker and mountain guide.

A major career-changing moment occurred in the 1980s when his family had to resettle (possibly due to external circumstances). More crucially, two of his children suffered from severe health issues (likely allergies or respiratory problems) caused by modern building materials like plywood, chipboard, and synthetics in their home. This personal crisis led Thoma to rediscover and apply traditional methods from his grandfather, replacing artificial materials with natural, untreated timber. The child's health improved dramatically, sparking Thoma's focus on healthy, chemical-free construction.

In 1990, he founded Thoma Holz GmbH (Thoma Holz100 or simply Thoma) to build the healthiest possible house for his children using pure wood. The company, based in Goldegg im Pongau (where Thoma lives), developed the patented Holz100 (Wood100) solid wood construction system. This system uses 100% untreated, mechanically connected wood (often "moon wood" or Mondholz—timber cut under specific lunar conditions for optimal properties), without glues, chemicals, adhesives, or iron/metal fasteners in core elements. Wooden dowels provide rock-solid connections.

In 1999, Thoma established a research center in Goldegg to scientifically test traditional wood methods (e.g., moon wood harvesting) and innovative applications, yielding impressive results on durability, health benefits, and performance.

Today, Thoma Holz GmbH is internationally recognized for sustainable, energy-autarkic (self-sufficient) wooden houses. It has partners in over 33 countries and more than 100 collaborators. The company handles the full chain from logging to finished walls and promotes energy-autonomous buildings with minimal energy needs, often without conventional heating systems.

Key Inventions and Advantages of Holz100 / Thoma Wooden Houses

The Holz100 system is glue-free, chemical-free massivholz (solid wood) construction, emphasizing natural, untreated timber.

Advantages include:
  • Health and well-being: Creates a natural indoor climate that promotes deep, restful sleep, relaxation, and overall vitality; avoids toxins from synthetics/adhesives, reducing allergies and health issues; wood's properties contribute to a "healing" environment.
  • Thermal insulation: World record for insulation in structural building products, enabling energy-autarkic or very low-energy houses.
  • Fire safety: Significantly higher resistance (reported as 5–6 times better than conventional buildings); wood chars protectively rather than burning rapidly.
  • Earthquake resistance: Among the highest due to flexible yet solid wood connections.
  • Sound insulation and acoustics: Excellent performance.
  • Sustainability and longevity: 100% natural, recyclable, CO₂-storing material; expected to last generations; uses renewable resources responsibly.
  • Aesthetics and living quality: Surrounds inhabitants with the "magic of trees," offering high living comfort, freedom in design, and a natural ambiance.
  • Other benefits: No harmful emissions, positive ecological footprint, and potential for clay integration or heating-free designs in some projects.

Personal Life

Thoma lives in Goldegg im Pongau with his wife Karin and their children: two sons and one daughter (family includes Florian and Elisabeth mentioned in company contexts). His motivation stems from family health and a lifelong love for forests and nature.

Books by Erwin Thoma (all in German)

Thoma is a bestselling Austrian author focusing on trees, wood, nature's strategies, and healthy living. Known titles include:

  • Strategien der Natur (Strategies of Nature)
  • Holzwunder (Wood Wonders)
  • Die sanfte Medizin der Bäume (The Gentle Medicine of Trees) — co-authored with Maximilian Moser in some editions
  • Die geheime Sprache der Bäume (The Secret Language of Trees)
  • Dich sah ich wachsen (I Saw You Grow)
  • Die Rückkehr der Bäume in unser Leben (The Return of Trees to Our Lives)
  • Bäume für die Seele (Trees for the Soul)
  • Der Weg (The Path) — possibly part of series

His English-translated book is A Future with Natural Wood: Traditional & Scientific Facts About Trees (based on his works about trees, ecosystems, and healthy building). Many books draw from his research and philosophy of working with nature rather than against it.

Unfurtunately most of his work is only available in German and that includes his books and his speeches and Interviews. He is a very good speaker and you will quickly notice that he burns for (and is in love with) what he is doing. The website of his company is the following, available in english and other languages including Russian (although with quite a lot less content compared to the German website): Thoma Holz.

There are a many good interviews and speeches with Thoma, unfurtunately mostly in German (maybe you can switch on english subtitles). Here are a couple of examples:






- YouTube

While Thoma certainly has some blind spots such as believing the climate change propaganda (at least as of a couple of years ago) I think what he has learned, uncovered and created is quite fascinating. I came across Thoma during a search for possible ways to build houses with little to no need for conventional heating or cooling systems that can heat and cool themselves more or less on their own and without any electricity.

It might sound unbelievable, but Thoma has actually build and continues to build such houses not only in Austria, Germany, Switzerland and France but in many places around the globe including Russia/Moscow by the thousands (around 4,000 in total I think). Although it seems that he did only one campus project in Moscow. The houses and building projects range from small buildings up to 5 story "sky scrapers", 11 story buildings, clinics and campuses.

I think a couple of criteria need to be met though that such a house doesn't necessarily need any heating or cooling even in VERY cold climates and prolonged winters, the most important one likely being that you should try to position and/or build the house so that as much of the course of the sun in the sky is covered on the biggest side of the house especially in cold months.

But even if such a house can't be perfectly oriented like that, it can be heated and cooled with incredibly low extra needs/costs. For example, if you would use a wood burning stove (depending how good it is build into the house) it will need extremely little wood. Same if you would use more conventional methods of heating via oil or electricity for example.

Another cool thing is that Thoma has by now managed to build houses pretty much in the same price span as conventional/normal houses cost to built (at least in Germany) and that the main structure will be build in a prefab house fashion just in a couple of days in stark contrast to most conventional houses.

They say that 20-30 percent of the total costs for a house at least in Germany is made up by their work/wood/method and the rest is made up by local normal building costs (such as property prices, labor costs etc.). Which means that in places like France for example the total costs for such a house should be significantly lower than in Germany for example. In most cases (also within Austria and Germany) many Holz100 certificated distributors/builders are building the houses with his concepts and with his inventions. So, anyone that can afford it can build such a house. They also give a whopping 50 years warranty on the house! Less is more seems to be a good principle and seems to be applied in those houses when it comes to heating and cooling quite thoroughly. Another interesting thing: He makes it clear that his patented invention of building walls came to him in a dream at night after a long and difficult period of searching for solutions all over the globe and financial difficulties with his new company: He woke up and tried as fast as he could to write what he saw in the dream down on paper.

The system is also based on a circular economy concepts, meaning that the houses are practically not only build to last as long as possible (hundreds of years at least I think) but also that you can, at least in theory, dismantle everything at some point in the future relatively easily and either burn it as wood, sell the wood for good money or build with the same material a new house somewhere else. Thoma says that things are now actually often deliberately build not last long in a sort of throwaway society fashion, which he finds ridiculous. Thoma houses are meant to be good for future generations too, also in that way:

The houses are practically built without any poisons like glues, insulating material etc. in them and the risk for the creation of mold is pretty much zero even though there are no artificial or electricity based systems in them to get humidity out (the wood handles that naturally as well, including in bathrooms). Remember, the huge asbestos problem that new and "great" building technics have created in the last decades? Thoma has said somewhere that what will come in the future with the stuff that has (and is now) been build into "very good" low energy houses and practically every other normal house will probably make the Asbestos problem look like nothing in comparison in the future. Something I didn't know and sounds scary already: Thoma discovered that the costs of recycling 1 Ton of normal houses today (because of all the toxic stuff in them) already costs companies that do this around 1000€ in Germany! A normal house nowadays weighs on average anywhere between 50-180 Tons. You do the math! Who is going to pay for all of that in the future? I guess future generations.

One of the things that I found especially interesting, is that Thoma builds with moonwood, a very ancient method that is about when and how to cut a tree: in the winter months and only during decreasing moon phases. Also, the best violins in the world have been made out of such wood (and early in Thomas career he also cut trees for violin builders). Many civilizations in the past apparently knew about it and under Caesar for example it was put into law that only such wood should/can be used. And if you violated such laws you were very severely punished, including the death penalty, perhaps not only in Rome.

Below you will find some of the benefits of that kind of wood, all of which have been proven now by science. The ancients were not stupid, for sure! Thoma also (has and) is using a lot of science in his work, not only in regard to wood itself but also in regard to the behaviour of water (I think he might have also worked with people like Pollack). The other good news is that he seems to be pretty successful with his company and that his kids are already trained to continue his work for probably quite some decades ahead.

Erwin also has a rather fascinating life story growing up and at some point working with his grandfather (a master house builder that did things very anciently almost exclusively with his own hands). It also includes death defying free soloing climbs on huge ice walls in the mountains that would make any professional climber nowadays look amateurish in comparison and a encounter with a benedictine monk with whom he climbed in the beginning and who taught him to train not only is body but his mind.

To not make an already long post too long I put a further summary of mine into a quote here:

Erwin Thoma: Fascinating ancient knowledge about Trees, Wood and Building houses with it combined with modern knowledge: Building energy independent houses without any artificial heating or cooling is reality and Thoma is building them for decades now. Building with wood has downsides? Think again, pretty much the exact opposite is the case.

Erwin has written around 10 books all around the topic of trees and wood. Erwin has a pretty unique and fascinating life story, and yes, as happens quite often with amazing ideas and inventions, he is an engineer by trade.

Erwin was born in 1962 as one of 5 male children (he was in the middle, age wise). He is Austrian and thus speaks a German dialect. His family has a history of mountain climbing going back generations.

When he was pretty young he and his siblings were into climbing mountains in Austria and perhaps also the Swiss and/or Italian mountains. His brothers said he couldn‘t climb with them because he is to young and weak. He didn‘t like that at all and wanted to do it as well and in his efforts to climb too, at some point, he came across a benedictine monk who was willing to climb with him. Which Erwin started to do then.
At some point climbing with the monch young Erwin wanted to also start climbing the then many massive/huge ice cliffs on the mountains (some of which were around 600 meters high for example), free soloing them (with less then ideal equipment compared to today and frankly insane standards and methods compared to today). The monk told him then rather point plank that he can‘t do that and needs to train really hard physically to be able to do so.

Erwin's mother/family was poor and especially after his father died when he was at a young age he needed to grow up quickly, so after school (which he didn‘t like that much and was frequently beaten very hard by a ex Nazi woman teacher because of him disagreeing with what she was saying) he worked for/with his father until around evening every day (quite common in those days).

Back to the climbing; so, he worked a couple of years to earn enough to buy a simple/cheap bike and then started to train his body and legs by driving up steep mountain roads everyday after school and work. After he did that for quite a while and developed a good physical strength/condition he asked the monk again if he can start climbing those ice cliffs now. To his surprise, astonishment and dismay the monk told him that he can‘t climb those cliffs without training his mind, so he gave him a rosary.

Erwin didn‘t really understand why the monk would say something like that and was dismayed because he surely wouldn‘t want to do the rosary thing which was "uncool“ to him and something old people do. Be it as it may, the monk told him that it isn‘t really about believing any of the rosary stuff but using the rosary as tool to train his mind to intensely focus on just one thing. Sort of a meditation of sorts. So Erwin did it and then at some point actually free soloed ALL the most difficult climbs on ice in those mountains. That is quite the thing to do, indeed.

During his long and lonely stays in nature, even though it was very risky, he also described what he was looking for and experienced there as ascetic. During those times he naturally became familiarized with the woods and how they work as well, which led him to start to become very interested in the forests, the trees within it and the whole ecosystem at some point. So he switched from climbing to becoming very interested in woods. So, around the age of 15 he then started to refocus and became the youngest forester ever. Which than became his main job for years in which he learned a lot. Also in terms of finding, preparing and selling the right woods for the best violins in the world. A science in itself.

Another very important formative time in Erwin's live also started around that time more or less. Erwin had a grandfather who was a carpenter/house builder by trade who literally could and would build whole houses (pretty much completely by hand almost like in the Middle Ages) out of one tree that he fell until he was well over 80 years and breathed his last breath. He loved to build and did it until he died: In the most eloquent and beautiful ways.

Erwin became fascinated with what his grandfather did and so he asked him „can you please teach me what you do?“ to which his grandfather responded by laughing and replying dryly „you can't learn that“. Then Erwin asked „why?“, and then his grandfather said, paraphrasing „Because you can only learn something when you do it. You can't learn by just hearing something a smart person might tell you in words. And you are a forester, so you can't build houses."

So then, to the dismay of everyone around them, they both decided that Erwin quits his good and lucrative state forester job and starts to build houses together with his grandfather (with whom he also created the company when he was well over 80 years). To become a entrepreneur was never the goal or intention of Thoma either but worked out that way in the end. So Erwin started to do everything his grandfather did with him and along the way took meticulous notes on what he was shown/taught about this craft from his grandfather and all the ancient knowledge about the forest, trees, seasons etc. that goes along with it.

This diary would later become his first book after someone convinced him, quite against his intentions, that it should be published as a book so that people can read/learn that amazing stuff his grandfather taught him. During this sort of apprenticeship with his grandfather he learned many things among which is something very "strange“ that is called moonwood. Erwin being Erwin, thought for quite a while what his grandfather told and taught him there is nothing more then superstitious nonsensical belief and "esoteric" which he dismissed.

Roughly explained, moonwood is a tree that is being felled in the deepest winter months and very importantly only when the moon is decreasing. Then Erwin over time noticed that the moonwood piles that were created in the forest very strikingly coped very differently with the weather: The moonwood piles stayed free of pests and insects and didn‘t rot and in stark contrast to the other piles in which no moonwood was piled: those piles were quickly infested with insects and rotted.

Years later in Erwin's long journey he would discover, by using strict science, that the moon wood thing is real indeed. And he would also discover that this was common knowledge pretty much everywhere on the globe in ancient times (including in far away places like Rome and Japan) and that old people like his grandfather in his profession still knew and used that knowledge to build stuff. For example Erwin says that during Caesars times it is was a very high crime punished with death if anybody used and/or smuggled wood into building anything that is not moonwood. The Japanese also used moon wood and many other ancient cultures. Later Erwin started to search the whole world for knowledge about how to best build houses and speak to and cooperate with renowned science experts and universities all over the globe in his search. Many science experiments such as the moonwood thing were and are sponsored and or inspired by Erwin's work. For example also how water molecules behave not only in wood.

In short, without going into detail that much: The moonwood things can be explained as follows:

- Moon wood is incredibly pest and also bacteria resistant and very dense at the same time

- The reason is because in summer, spring and so on a lot of sugar is in the branches of the trees and also in the tree trunks: Pest and insects of all sorts just love to eat and inhabit such wood because of that sugar content. In the dead of winter AND during decreasing moon phases on the other side there is A LOT less sugar in the trunks and the wood also is quite a bit denser. By the way, it was also common knowledge that the best violin wood was and has to be moonwood. So, naturally, Erwin earlier in his career used that knowledge to find the best trees and cut them at the right times etc.

- Higher density (due to more bound water → greater shrinkage during drying, approx. 5–7% density advantage).

- Higher compressive strength/hardness.

- Natural resistance to fungi, insects, rot, and, to some extent, fire (fewer nutrients for pests, better defense).

In his journey with his grandfather he started to notice that yes, what he is doing is just amazing and wondrous but that his houses (works of Art, really) and the way he built them had some things not present, that especially in this day and age can and probably should be improved upon. Such as the insane amount of manual work required to build them and making them much better in insulating an keeping warmth in the winter and coldness in the summer. So Erwin began a decades long search for trying to find the best solutions AND he started a company with his 83 old grandfather to build such houses.

His houses are called „Holz 100 Haus“ which means „Wood 100 house“. The 100 stands for the 100% wood that are used in the house for building. Yes you heard right: No glue, no isolation material if you use the biggest outer walls, no poisons, just pure hard wood in the form of moonwood assembled in his unique glue free way through a number layered wood planks arranged in traversing fashion and with deliberate air channels in them, put together purely mechanically via wood pegs that expand so that a very strong and indestructible fusion happens.

More information about Erwin Thoma and what he is doing:

- He thinks (not only) houses and many other things should be built with the future in mind and not only our narrow self interests in the here and now: For example the coming generations will find/inherit a mountain full off rubbish that is toxic and very expensive to dispose of. Instead, his houses are meant to stay/hold "forever“ and if ever needed you can completely disassemble them and INSTEAD of throwing the great wood away you can use all of it again to build a new house there or somewhere else, thereby making not only not creating any rubbish but also the risk of cutting too much woods would become a thing of the past.

- His houses are meant to become and stay valuable even if they are dismantled in the future. He gives examples of how old wood from trunks that earlier generations used and build with are now more expensive then the new best and hardest wood in the best category that you can buy nowadays.

- Contrary to common believe Holz 100 houses are even better in terms of fire protection than any other usual concrete and very modern buildings today.

- If you have a property in which a Holz 100 house can be orientated as perfectly as possible due south (in the other hemisphere) even in very harsh cold climates the house will warm itself all by itself through the strength of the sun rays AND cool itself in the summer.

- Less is better: the less technique you have/need the better seems to be one motto of Erwin and he lives and builds that.

- An extreme case of what can be done with Thoma's Holz100 wood is a 5-story tower building that was build in Switzerland in the middle of the alps in which temperatures can reach as low as -20 degrees Celsius in winter. A builder that used Thomas wood created not only an energy free house (no heating or cooling) but went more extreme and build it technique free! The house stands there now for 11-12 years and the temperature inside the house never reached below + 18 degrees Celsius! The key that made this possible was quite some study and work of how the sun moves through the course of every day of the year and orient and build the tower in such a way that it can only function with the power of the sun even in long stretches of no sun and clouds in winter: - YouTube
 
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