Arthur Versluis "The New Inquisitions"

denekin

Jedi
In light of what is going on with Laura and group and the police investigation against them, this book is very relevant:


http://www.us.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/ReligionTheology/HistoryofChristianity/Modern/?view=usa&ci=9780195306378

Description
The only book of its kind, The New Inquisitions is an exhilarating investigation into the intellectual origins of totalitarianism. Arthur Versluis unveils the connections between heretic hunting in early and medieval Christianity, and the emergence of totalitarianism in the twentieth century. He shows how secular political thinkers in the nineteenth century inaugurated a tradition of defending the Inquisition, and how Inquisition-style heretic-hunting later manifested across the spectrum of twentieth-century totalitarianism. An exceptionally wide-ranging work, The New Inquisitions begins with early Christianity, and traces heretic-hunting as a phenomenon through the middle ages and right into the twentieth century, showing how the same inquisitional modes of thought recur both on the political Left and on the political Right.
Reviews

"The New Inquisitions is a fascinating and highly original book that traces the intellectual, religious and political genealogy of modern totalitarianism. Versluis has drawn together a remarkable variety of historical threads and uncovered surprising but extremely persuasive connections between a wide range of figures, from Joseph de Maistre to Theodore Adorno to Pat Robertson, moving fluidly from early Christianity down to the contemporary United States. Despite its ambitious breadth, Versluis's book presents a coherent narrative of the origins of totalitarianism that is of central relevance to our own historical moment."-- Hugh Urban, author of Tantra: Sex, Secrecy, Politics, and Power in the Study of Religions

"In The New Inquisitions, Arthur Versluis takes a generation of work describing Western Esotericism and launches a new exploration of key issues in Western intellectual history, among others the origins of totalitarianism, the willingness of 'good' people to countenance genocide, and the shared roots of fascism and communism. Using our current knowledge of the despised esoteric thinkers, found under a number of labels -- Gnostic, occult, mystic, theosophic -- he offers a fresh analysis of the emergence of the ideological state and how mystical transhistorical thought/experience might provide a way to avoid its need to squelch all dissent even to the point of employing torture and death. Versluis is adding an important new direction in discussing key contemporary global problems." --J. Gordon Melton, Institute for the Study of American Religion

"This is a timely and important book in which a major historian of western esotericism takes up the mantle of the public intellectual and demonstrates how the West's modern political pathologies stem back to the dualistic logic of the late medieval Inquisition and almost two millennia of heretic-hunting. Versluis shows how this same irrational fear of religious dissent is disturbingly prevalent among intellectuals on both the right and the left. The result is a call for a return to that 'first America' of Jeffersonian pluralism, and a plea for a more mature religious view that can help us find our way out of that Cave of religious terror and political insanity in which we now all live." --Jeffrey J. Kripal, author of The Serpent's Gift: Gnostic Reflections on the Study of Religion
 
Thanks for the recommendation; sounds like one I'll be reading soon!
 
I'll be interested to know what you think of the book, Laura.
Versluis is someone who has made esoteric studies reputable in the academic world. If you look him up on amazon you'll find his many books.
My wife just got a book called The Science Of Evil: On Empathy And The Origins Of Cruelty by Simon baron-Cohen which also looks good.
 
Yes, thank you, denekin! This one looks like it should be pretty good and ties into some of the stuff I've been reading and researching lately. I'll definitely post my thoughts when I get a chance to read it.
 
denekin said:
My wife just got a book called The Science Of Evil: On Empathy And The Origins Of Cruelty by Simon baron-Cohen which also looks good.

I have had that one on my "to-order" list for a while, waiting behind a half-dozen other titles. I am leery of the author because of some of the things he has written about autism that didn't seem to fit well with my personal experience (I'm an Aspie) but I am still interested in what he has to say.
 
_http://www.counterpunch.org/2006/08/10/how-carl-schmitt-spawned-fascist-america-nbsp/

August 10, 2006
Neocons? Nazi Hero
How Carl Schmitt Spawned Fascist America
by ARTHUR VERSLUIS

At the insistence of the White House, the Pentagon publicly asserted in 2006 what has already become self-evident, that the United States would not observe the protocols of the Geneva Conventions concerning some prisoners. Coming as the announcement did on the heels of revelations about the prisons at Abu Ghraib, Guantánamo, and various secret locations to which the CIA had prisoners flown for interrogation and torture, it would seem that American citizens had lost their capacity for outrage or even indignation. But the fact remains that the selective abrogation of the Geneva Conventions, the George W. Bush administration’s attempts to assert "unitary executive" power, has an instructive precedent.

As is well known, the White House has been eager to assert what is claimed to be the power of the "unitary executive," that is, the asserted power of the executive branch to override those provisions of laws with which it does not agree. This theory of the "unitary executive" meant, in practice, that the White House attached "signing statements" to hundreds of pieces of legislation enacted by Congress. Instead of vetoing bills, the Bush Jr. administration issues these statements asserting the administration’s unilateral rejection of or re-interpretation of the legislation.

This asserted "unitary executive power" is not only a rationale for "signing statements.” It underlies nearly everything that the George W. Bush administration has done. To take the most historically important example, the invasion and occupation of Iraq took place without the authorization of Congress (that is, without any official Declaration of War, and of course without the imprimatur of the United Nations). A violation of both American and international law, the invasion of Iraq was, in fact, the unilateral abrogation of law by the American executive power.

The invasion of Iraq is, of course, not the only example, just the one with the most far-reaching and visible consequences. There are others. Consider the abrogation of FISA, the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, whose purpose was to limit the abuse of federal uses of wiretaps or other forms of surveillance after the abuses of the 1960s and 1970s had been revealed. The scope of the wiretapping and other invasions of American citizens’ privacy is not yet fully known, but no doubt eventually many abuses will be revealed. Only long after the election shenanigans of November, 2004, did Americans even learn that the Bush Jr. administration once again had unilaterally abrogated American law, asserting here too the "power of the unitary executive." What very few people have realized is that this notional "unitary executive" power has an instructive precedent, which is outlined in the works of the German legal theorist, Carl Schmitt. In the 1920s, Schmitt sharply criticized the parliamentary system of the Weimar Republic, in an analysis that has a striking resonance with the contemporary American Congress’s morass of ineptness, paralysis, and manifest corruption. When National Socialism came to power in the 1930s, Schmitt defended the Third Reich and its right to peremptory justice by reference to the juridical example of the Inquisition.

According to Schmitt, the ultimate power of government is not to be found in legislation, but in the executive power to abrogate or suspend legislation. What matters is not the rule, but the exception, and "sovereign is he who decides the exception." Schmitt’s aphorism describes how Hitler in fact took power, with the unilateral abrogation of civil liberties in Germany. Hitler imposed a "state of exception" on those whom he deemed alien to or a danger to the regime, and those in such a state of exception no longer have the rights of citizens. This state of exception, willed by the German unitary executive power, was the juridical basis for the Nazi death camps. The assertion of notional "unitary executive power" in part results from officials’ prior disgust at the inherent weakness of a parliamentary system to forcefully address long-term problems facing society, like a weak fiat currency, economic crisis, or terrorism. A "unitary executive power" appeals to the "Right," to which Schmitt and purportedly the Bush Jr. administration belong, but, one has to note, it also could have appeal for the "Left." Such executive powers no doubt appeal to all who are certain of their own rectitude, certain that they are guided by destiny or by God to act, to be decisive. Thus one characteristic of fascism is said to be "decisionism." "At least we’re doing something," a decisionist says – even if what "we’re" doing is in fact despotic and destructive. George W. Bush is, he tells us, "the decider."

In The New Inquisitions: Heretic-hunting and the Origins of Modern Totalitarianism (Oxford UP, 2006), I detail inquisitional pathologies that have haunted the West for a very long time. These pathologies are clearly visible today – and not only in various Bush Jr. administration policies – but especially in the attempted abrogation, by executive fiat, of the Geneva Conventions. It surprises me that there is comparatively little written about such attempts, let alone about their historical precedents in National Socialism, but perhaps that is only to be expected in what a growing number of observers from across the political spectrum recognize as the proto-fascist ambience of the contemporary United States.

--
Arthur Versluis is author of The New Inquisitions: Heretic-hunting and the Origins of Modern Totalitarianism (Oxford UP, 2006). He is professor of American Studies at Michigan State University and can be reached at versluis@msu.edu

You can read one chapter of The New Inquisitions where Versluis writes about Carl Schmitt here.

Contents:

1. Introduction: Heresy, 3
Heresy and the Inquisition, 6
Czeslaw Milosz and the Captive Mind, 8
2. The Archetypal Inquisition, 13
3. Joseph de Maistre and the Inquisition, 19
4. Juan Donoso Corte´s and the “Sickness” of the Liberal State, 27
5. Georges Sorel and Charles Maurras:
The Emergence of Secular State Corporatism, 35
Maurice Barre`s and Charles Maurras: The Nationalist Substitute
for Catholicism, 41
The Secularization of Heresiophobia, 46
6. Carl Schmitt, the Inquisition, and Totalitarianism, 49
Carl Schmitt and Early Modern Western Esotericism, 50
Carl Schmitt and Gnosticism, 52
Conclusions, 57
7. Communism and the Heresy of Religion, 61
8. Eric Voegelin, Anti-Gnosticism, and the Totalitarian Emphasis on Order, 69
The Rhetoric of Anti-Gnosticism, 70
Voegelinian Inquisitors, 77
9. Norman Cohn and the Pursuit of Heretics, 85
The Inner Demons of Europe Once Again, 91
10. Theodor Adorno and the “Occult,” 95
11. Another Long, Strange Trip, 105
That Old Bugaboo, “Gnosticism,” Yet Again, 105
An Epidemic of Evil! 107
Digital Revolution, 109
12. High Weirdness in the American Hinterlands, 111
The Satanic Panic of Late-Twentieth-Century America, 112
Illuminatiphobia, 116
The Christian Illuminati, 122
13. The American State of Exception, 127
Rendering to the Secular Arm, 129
14. Berdyaev’s Insight, 135
Dostoevsky Revisited, 136
Berdyaev on Inquisitional Psychopathology, 137
Totalitarianism of the Left and of the Right, 140
The Betrayal of Humanity, 142
It Can Happen Here, 143
15. Conclusion: Disorder as Order, 147
Boehme’s Metaphysics of Evil, 149
Ideocracy’s Consequences, 150
Heresy and History, 151
The Ubiquity of Ideopathology, 153
Mysticism and Plato’s Cave, 155
Notes, 157
Selected Bibliography, 179
Index, 187
 
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