Allusions was not a part of language that was given much attention when I went to school. What I was taught was the topic of metaphors, and they are close enough for there to be an article that explains the differences, see Allusion vs Metaphor: Fundamental Differences Of These Terms. In fact, some of what I knew as metaphors might have been closer to allusions. However, not knowing much about a topic can be a motivation to learn more.
In this post, there are first definitions, then links to articles and books, followed by excerpts from the sessions that include or relate to the topic of allusions.
From Collins Dictionary there is:
The dictionary gives both the British English and the American English, not that there is much difference, but:
The etymology of the word allusion traces it back to latin allusio, a playing with, derived from alludere, to sport with.
Some articles with examples of allusions
A) Writing Tips Allusion Examples and Why You Need Allusion in Your Writing by Chelle Stein February 28, 2022 has in her explanation of what an allusion:
"an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly"
B) 300 Allusion Examples (With Sentences) Words / By Christopher who has divided the examples into categories.
C) 25+ Allusion Examples from Literature, Poetry, Film, & Life by Sarah Lentz on Oct 1, 2024, gives a different perspective on the meaning of allusion
About the use of allusion, this author writes:
Books about allusions
For other examples there are a few books and dictionaries available on Amazon. As an example, the Merriam Webster Dictionary of Allusions which gives some terms and examples even the preview, not that one can use a preview as a reference, but the examples are well explained. Several books are not easy to get, or costly, like Allusions in the Press: An Applied Linguistic Study. However, if one can find it, there should be many examples of how allusions are used by journalists, and public figures. One of the points brought up by Sarah Lentz in the articles I mentioned earlier was that allusion allows the author to add layers to his story. One author who did was James Joyce probably did. For help deciphering them, there is a whole book: Allusions in Ulysses: An Annoted List by Weldon Thornton. Another work that is rich in allusion is mentioned by the Wiki where one finds:
Wondering about the context that would compel Virgil to use allusions, the Wiki for Georgics has:
Next, a selection of excerpts from the sessions that relate to allusions directly or indirectly.
Tone things a bit and use allusions more.
Session 30 January 2021
Is that turmoil going to affect us directly here? - Very little as you are. But do not let your guard down. Strategic enclosure to the max. - Reduce agitation. It is mostly useless at this point.
Session 4 July 2020
Make it a point to keep a low profile from here on. Things are about to get stranger than you can imagine.
Session 27 September 2025
Again, for safety, keep a low profile on social media. Things are getting a little bit shaky. - Carefully as she goes!
What experiences have others gathered with understanding allusions, using allusions, or coming up with ideas for allusions?
When asking this, I'm aware responses could bring the topic into the field of creative writing, rather than being closer to linguistics, but if language includes practice of communication and analysis of content? Anyway, if it does not work out, the thread can always be moved.
In this post, there are first definitions, then links to articles and books, followed by excerpts from the sessions that include or relate to the topic of allusions.
From Collins Dictionary there is:
Under synonyms for allusion, there are reference, mention, suggestion, hint, implication, innuendo, intimation, insinuation, casual remark, and indirect reference.An allusion is an indirect reference to someone or something.
The title is perhaps an allusion to the author's childhood. [+ to]
The dictionary gives both the British English and the American English, not that there is much difference, but:
The entry for American English is similar but for 2. they have "an indirect reference; casual mention", their source for the American English entry is "Webster’s New World College Dictionary, 5th Digital Edition."in British English
1. the act of alluding
2. a passing reference; oblique or obscure mention
The etymology of the word allusion traces it back to latin allusio, a playing with, derived from alludere, to sport with.
Some articles with examples of allusions
A) Writing Tips Allusion Examples and Why You Need Allusion in Your Writing by Chelle Stein February 28, 2022 has in her explanation of what an allusion:
"an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly"
B) 300 Allusion Examples (With Sentences) Words / By Christopher who has divided the examples into categories.
C) 25+ Allusion Examples from Literature, Poetry, Film, & Life by Sarah Lentz on Oct 1, 2024, gives a different perspective on the meaning of allusion
The examples of allusions described in the article drawing upon themes in classical mythology, the stories in the Bible, poetry, history, literature, film & television, popular culture, and as they appear in everyday speech.What is Allusion?
Put simply, an allusion refers to something outside the moment in which your scene, song, or statement takes place.
An external allusion (which most allusions are) refers to something outside your story but familiar to your reader.
An internal allusion refers to something earlier in your story, which you hope your reader noticed.
About the use of allusion, this author writes:
To create a sense of kinship with your readers
To convey a complex idea or connect your story to them
To add layers to your story and its characters
To engage with works your readers are already familiar with
To demonstrate your cultural literacy or challenge that of your readers
Books about allusions
For other examples there are a few books and dictionaries available on Amazon. As an example, the Merriam Webster Dictionary of Allusions which gives some terms and examples even the preview, not that one can use a preview as a reference, but the examples are well explained. Several books are not easy to get, or costly, like Allusions in the Press: An Applied Linguistic Study. However, if one can find it, there should be many examples of how allusions are used by journalists, and public figures. One of the points brought up by Sarah Lentz in the articles I mentioned earlier was that allusion allows the author to add layers to his story. One author who did was James Joyce probably did. For help deciphering them, there is a whole book: Allusions in Ulysses: An Annoted List by Weldon Thornton. Another work that is rich in allusion is mentioned by the Wiki where one finds:
Some of the above points might need examples for clarification, but the purpose of mentioning them was mainly to show that using allusions is a technique that was mastered by ancient authors.In discussing the richly allusive poetry of Virgil's Georgics, R. F. Thomas 14 [14: "Virgil's Georgics and the art of reference" Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 90 (1986) pp 171–98.] distinguished six categories of allusive reference, which are applicable to a wider cultural sphere. These types are:
1) Casual reference, "the use of language which recalls a specific antecedent, but only in a general sense" that is relatively unimportant to the new context;
2) Single reference, in which the hearer or reader is intended to "recall the context of the model and apply that context to the new situation"; such a specific single reference in Virgil, according to Thomas, is a means of "making connections or conveying ideas on a level of intense subtlety";
3) Self-reference, where the locus is in the poet's own work;
4) Corrective allusion, where the imitation is clearly in opposition to the original source's intentions;
5) Apparent reference "which seems clearly to recall a specific model but which on closer inspection frustrates that intention"; and
6) Multiple reference or conflation, which refers in various ways simultaneously to several sources, fusing and transforming the cultural traditions.
Wondering about the context that would compel Virgil to use allusions, the Wiki for Georgics has:
How would a Virgil think about the times we live in, and how would he use his pen? It would probably depend on where he lived, who he really was, what he understood about what is going on, and what he would be writing about.Beginning with Caesar's assassination in 44 BCE and ending with Octavian's victory over Anthony and Cleopatra at Actium in 31 BCE, Rome had been engaged in a series of almost constant civil wars. After almost 15 years of political and social upheaval, Octavian, the sole surviving member of the Second Triumvirate, 11 became firmly established as the new leader of the Roman world. Under Octavian, 12 Rome enjoyed a long period of relative peace and prosperity. However, Octavian's victory at Actium also sounded the death knell of the Republic. With Octavian as the sole ruler of the Roman world, the Roman Empire was born.
It was during this period, and against this backdrop of civil war, that Virgil composed the Georgics. While not containing any overtly political passages, politics are not absent from the Georgics. Not only is Octavian addressed in the poem both directly and indirectly, but the poem also contains several passages that include references and images that could be interpreted as political, such as the description of the plague in Book 3 and Virgil's famous description of bee society in Book 4. It is impossible to know whether or not these references and images were intended to be seen as political in nature, but it would not be inconceivable that Virgil was in some way influenced by the years of civil war. Whether they were intentional or not, if we believe Suetonius,13 these references did not seem to trouble Octavian, to whom Virgil is said to have recited the Georgics in 29 BCE.
Next, a selection of excerpts from the sessions that relate to allusions directly or indirectly.
Tone things a bit and use allusions more.
Session 30 January 2021
What was being referred to above was from the following session, where there was:Q: (Joe) I have one last question. Several months ago, we talked about speaking out against things going on. They said strategic enclosure to the max. And we just... didn't pay any attention to that whatsoever. [laughter] I'm just wondering if there's any danger to us specifically due to the way we're pointing out things going on? Or are we in danger? One benefit I always thought is that we're in France, but we're writing in English for the Anglosphere. We're not really talking in French about what's going on in France.
(Chu) Well, we do have French SOTT and they do bash...
A: Tone things a bit and use allusions more.
Q: (Joe) So, I should write something like: “Isn't this strange the way things happen like this? Kinda weird! I think there might be something strange about what governments are doing. Maybe they're making a big mistake. What do you think?” [laughter]
Is that turmoil going to affect us directly here? - Very little as you are. But do not let your guard down. Strategic enclosure to the max. - Reduce agitation. It is mostly useless at this point.
Session 4 July 2020
And five years after "Strategic enclosure to the max" and "Reduce agitation. It is mostly useless at this point." there was:A: Hello good people. Much turmoil ahead yet. Dark forces do not give up so easily.
Q: (L) And who do we have with us this evening?
A: Paikiaea!
Q: (L) Is that turmoil going to affect us directly here?
A: Very little as you are. But do not let your guard down. Strategic enclosure to the max.
Q: (Joe) In what way?
(Artemis) Don't kick the hornet's nest.
A: Yes
Q: (Artemis) Do things calmly, serenely, or just walk away. Be very gentle, because crazy forces are acting through people.
A: Reduce agitation. It is mostly useless at this point.
Q: (Andromeda) So, they're talking about... our political activism?
A: Yes
Q: (Andromeda) Like, uh, Twitter?
(Chu) Facebook.
A: Yes
Q: (Artemis) Are you guys doing something that's gonna make them break down the door and then say you have coronavirus?
(L) No.
(Andromeda) What about SOTT? Should we be more toned down on SOTT, or is it alright as it is?
A: Tone down slightly.
Q: (Artemis) Well, what do they mean? We're so used to SOTT being SOTT...
(Joe) Is that specifically in reference to the coronavirus business and stuff that's come from that?
A: Yes. The virus is the stick at the moment.
Q: (L) As in “stick and carrot”.
(Andromeda) Okay, that's the hornet's nest, not the kick.
(L) So, if we keep calling them all liars, that’s not good. We can publish studies and stuff that point out that they're liars, but us coming out and directly antagonizing them might not be such a good idea.
A: Yes
Make it a point to keep a low profile from here on. Things are about to get stranger than you can imagine.
Session 27 September 2025
Later in the same session, the discussion shifts to some drones observed over northern Europe mainly, followed by quick insinuations from local politicians and their experts that Russia is implicated.Q: (L) Do you have anything particular to tell us before we get started with questions?
A: Make it a point to keep a low profile from here on. Things are about to get stranger than you can imagine.
Q: (L) Does that mean on social media?
A: Yes
Q: (Joe) So, a low profile about... Do we have to stop talking about Israel? Should we?
A: It would be best.
Q: (L) Should we delete our social media accounts which are full of our rants about Israel?
A: Yes
Q: (Chu) Delete our accounts or just the posts?
A: Posts if possible.
Q: (Joe) So the more inflammatory, accusatory, pointed posts referring to specifically Israel and Jewish deep-stater type things?
A: Yes
Q: (Joe) But other things we can talk about?
A: Yes
Q: (L) Well, does that mean that other people are going to have to do it too? I mean like Tucker Carlson and Candace Owens?
A: Let them handle it. They are better protected. In your case, knowledge protects.
Q: (Joe) Is our forum okay for posting whatever we want?
A: Yes
Q: (Joe) Just not public.
(Scottie) What about SOTT? That's loaded with...
A: Yes
Q: (Chu) SOTT is okay.
(Joe) So it's individual...
(L) ...Individuals that can be targeted.
Again, for safety, keep a low profile on social media. Things are getting a little bit shaky. - Carefully as she goes!
(Joe) No, hang on. So a few days ago, they shut down Copenhagen Airport because there was a drone or a few drones seen over it. And then today, so a few days later, similar drones, maybe not similar, but drones (lights in the sky) reported over military bases in Denmark, and possibly over France, or Germany...
(Chu) And definitely Oslo, Norway.
(Joe) Right, Norway, maybe... whatever, a few places. Just vague reports really. The main one was Denmark...
(Niall) Which was filmed.
(Joe) Yeah, lights in the sky, similar to New Jersey. But they've said consistently that there's no evidence that they're Russian. So...
(L) They've said that consistently...
(Joe) Yes, the Danish government has said that they have no evidence that this has anything to do with Russia. So the question is, what were those drones? Are they similar to what happened over New Jersey? Is there another flap?
(L) What happened in New Jersey?
(Joe) The drones in New Jersey last year, remember?
(L) Yeah, but I don't remember what that was.
(Joe) That was allegedly 37% alien drones, and 67% human drones flown up to muddy the water. And it was designed to just spook the population, and maybe be a preparatory step to some eventual "savior space brothers" coming to...
(L) All right. So we've got more drones. Are these similar in origin to the New Jersey drones?
A: No.
Q: (Joe) Is it a kind of false flag to try and implicate Russia? Is it something along those lines?
A: Yes.
Q: (L) So they're going to go there, eventually.
(Joe) And the Danish government was smart enough to go, "Hang on a minute, there's no evidence that this is the Russians." The Danes at least are not taking the bait.
(Chu) Yeah, but they're still saying, "We need to work with Ukraine, and..."
(Joe) But at least they're not saying, they're not jumping in with the... because there has been a concerted effort in the past while to try and implicate Russia, with Poland, Romania... anyway.
(L) Right. They've got all kinds of stuff going on.
(Niall) In the European media, they're telling Euro-Normies that Russia is basically in the process of invading Europe.
(L) And that's so ridiculous!
(Joe) Well, they can say that, but it's ridiculous. Yeah.
(Niall) The Danish government could say that, but the Danish media will just go with the flow. The insinuation of Russia is attached to all of these.
A: Again, for safety, keep a low profile on social media. Things are getting a little bit shaky.
Q: (L) So we can let other people do those things because they're in a better protected position.
(Joe) So don't talk about drones either.
(Niall) I think they mean don't be so pro-Russia because they're about to actually try and frame them for an atrocity, maybe?
(Joe) Should we not be so pro-Russian on social media? Is that another recommendation?
A: Carefully as she goes!
What experiences have others gathered with understanding allusions, using allusions, or coming up with ideas for allusions?
When asking this, I'm aware responses could bring the topic into the field of creative writing, rather than being closer to linguistics, but if language includes practice of communication and analysis of content? Anyway, if it does not work out, the thread can always be moved.