Sol (Sun) and its phenomena

Got a good-sized sunspot 4420, directly facing us for the next three days, bad news if it goes off, Haiku ...

The twenty-eighth and the twenty-ninth, as expected


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Monday, Apr. 27, 2026
A POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS SUNSPOT: Don't be surprised if there's another X-flare today. Active sunspot 4420 is directly facing Earth, and it is potentially dangerous. David Wilson photographed the behemoth from his backyard solar observatory in Inverness, Scotland.

dangerous_strip.jpg

"A movie of this sunspot shows a lot of dynamics," says Wilson. "One of the interior spots is rotating clockwise and another is rotating counter-clockwise."

In addition to the turmoil, the sunspot has a 'beta-gamma-delta' magnetic field. This means it is unstable with latent energy for X-class solar flares. Earth will be in the strike zone for the next 3-4 days. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text

Dr. Tamitha Skov's latest insight into what may develop from the current Solar activity

Big Flares with Eruption Eye Candy & A PanSTARRS Photobomb
Space Weather Spotlight 26 April 2026

6.1 Earthquake coming into the Japan Region. Sunday 4/26

Apr 26, 2026 Big Island Video News
HAWAIʻI VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK - On April 23rd, episode 45 high lava fountains lasted for 8 and a half hours. After the episode was over, a strong glow and flames could be seen at the vents for days.


Dr. Ryan French on Substack

Rounding up

Overall, it’s been a quiet two months on the Sun, with the exception of the two major solar flares earlier this week. But this is undoubtedly a good thing, as strong solar activity during the Artemis II mission could have caused real complications for the crew and spacecraft operations. Moving forward, this newsletter will keep you up-to-date with happenings on the Sun – including solar flares, eclipses, space weather, and more!
 
So after the comet zoomed out, no more X flares on the sun for the time being. The bug zapper did his job, though.

An interesting observation of how most of the activity comes from the North, which hasn't been the norm for the entire current cycle.

Laboratory of Solar Astronomy (xras.ru ) (http://t.me/lpixras )

A surge of activity continues on the Sun, which peaked with two consecutive X-flashes that occurred on April 24 (Лаборатория солнечной астрономии (XRAS) ). There are currently 7 groups of sunspots on the Earth-facing side, at least one of which, with the number 4420, is classified under the highest category beta-gamma-delta. The total reserves of flare energy on the star have decreased slightly over the past day, but it is still enough to produce, say, more than 20 flashes per day yesterday (Солнечные вспышки — 28 апреля 2026 года ). At the same time, the level of the flares themselves is mostly weak and medium, so the star is clearly operating in the "flare spam" mode — burning energy in a variety of small events. There are no signs of a transition to energy storage mode for strong events yet, although the probability of the latter today, according to model estimates, still ranges from 20% to 30%.

Almost all active centers are now located in the northern hemisphere of the Sun, which is generally typical for the current year — almost all solar activity in 2026 is concentrated in the north. This does not seem to be typical for the cycle as a whole (although we need to figure it out), but at least the strongest magnetic storm of the current cycle is in May 2024 (https://xras.ru/image/kp_RAL5_20240512.png ) was produced by region 3664, located in the south.
Not all of them, of course, there was comet MAPS earlier this year:

Thank you for providing the obvious! That the solar flare happened also from the lower left part of the sun, and as they say above, comet MAPS approaches the sun from the lower left...."

In short, Plasma Discharge Comet Theory.

Comet PANSTARRS approached from Northwest.

Up to a point, it's useful to see the details. But we've got to be able to zoom out, way out.

Activity in the North vs South in regards to coronal mass ejections, could be a clue as to where the galactic current is coming from.

There's not only plasma discharge comet theory, but also "surge in the heliogap field", a concept introduced by the Cs to explain Earth Changes and coronal mass ejections in the 1994 and 2024 sessions. Essentially, a clue for a galactic current coming into the solar system:

May 18th 2024
Are coronal mass ejections significant in some way, in a more than just, you know, ‘exploding thing’ sense?

A: Yes.

Q: (L) And what are they exactly?

A: Surges in heliogap field.

Q:
(L) Okay. Surges in heliogap field. What… [laughs] I'm gonna do it, what is a heliogap field?

A: Field surrounding solar system.

Q:
(L) Okay. So, I read about this Voyager spacecraft that they sent up years and years ago, and it was going into the outer reaches of the solar system and there were some strange effects on it when it started getting close to the reach of the Sun's... What would you call it? Its electrical reach.

(Andromeda) Electromagnetic field?

(L) Yeah, something like that. Yeah.

(Scottie) There's a name for it.

(Andromeda) Yeah, I know...

(L) I don't exactly remember what they call it. Do you know, honey?

(Joe) The heliofield.

(Niall) The heliosphere.

(L) That's it. Okay. So, does this have anything to do with the end of the heliosphere?

A: Yes.

Q: (L) And is there a gap outside this heliosphere?

A: Yes.

Q: (L) And you're saying that there was a surge. Where does that energy come from that surges across this gap and enters the heliosphere?

A:
Other systems.

Q: (L) ‘Other systems’, as in solar systems or star systems?

A: Yes. Also galactic current.

Q: (L) So, there is a galactic current that's flowing in the galaxy, yes?

A: Yes.

Q: (L) And this galactic current crosses the gap into our heliosphere?

A: Yes.

Q: (L) And causes surges because it adds energy to our system. Is that it?

A: Yes.

Q: (L) And those surges can cause CMEs?

A: Yes.

Q:
(L) And can those surges also cause very, very big ones?

A: Yes. Some surges can cause a star to explode.

Q: (L) Well, that's pleasant. Is that what's going to happen here?

A: No.

Q: (L) How do you know it's not going to happen? [Laughter]

A: Current is not that strong at present.

July 22, 1994:
A: Space invasion soon. Four to six years. Battle between forces good and evil. Wait near. Look far. Listen. Mexico fall; Ethiopia quake; September - both - New Near - January - Paris bomb - London Blizzard - 109 die - Plane down - Tahiti - Cholera - Montana - January 1995 - government US - behind California quakes - Three soon - Oklahoma political abduction - February 95 - Big news.[4]

Q: (L) What is causing the Earth changes?

A: Electromagnetic wave changes.

Q: (L) Can you be more specific?

A: Gap in surge heliographic field.

Let's keep the above in mind as we witness coronal mass ejections.
 
So after the comet zoomed out, no more X flares on the sun for the time being. The bug zapper did his job, though.
From what you posted from the 2024 session, does it therefore mean that the Sun could quite quickly be recharged by incoming surge from the galactic current regardless of how many comets discharge the solar capacitor? In other words, just because the sun has now been discharged, it could quickly gather charge potential again. Or am I misunderstanding it?
 
From what you posted from the 2024 session, does it therefore mean that the Sun could quite quickly be recharged by incoming surge from the galactic current regardless of how many comets discharge the solar capacitor? In other words, just because the sun has now been discharged, it could quickly gather charge potential again. Or am I misunderstanding it?
I would say, open.

These are clues:


But then, Laurentien2 brought arcing without comets:


Which brings the galactic current as a possibility.

However, from this discussion:

Next part of the question: Is the galactic current sheet the "wave"?

A: No

Q: (L) Is the sun going to go micro-nova?

A: No


Q: (Joe) That Suspicious0bserver guy is a bit whacky.

(Niall) And he speaks in a tone that's VERY self-assured. Always a red flag...

The main trends in the current cycle seem to be the comet cluster, recent perihelion with Nemesis, inner core dynamics. The sun's activity doesn't seem to be a big player right now, except when discharged by comets. If anything, it's the magnetic field which seems weaker and weaker.
 
If this reasoning is on trace of being correct, then it is more probable that the cometary induced uptick in solar activity ala solar flares and/or CMEs, if there is one that is, will happen AFTER the comet passes its perihelion (than when the comet was on its way toward the inner solar system).

In the case of Halley's comet during the last passage, the uptick in solar activity happened before the perihelion.

Although, if they were really induced by the passage of a particular comet, the locations and directions of solar energy and/or mass ejections of those solar flares and/or CMEs would be expected to point at least in the general direction of the cometary trajectory up to the point when they occured.

In the case of Halley's comet during the last passage, the solar flares were ejected on the opposite side of the comet location, towards Earth and not the comet.
 
In the case of Halley's comet during the last passage, the uptick in solar activity happened before the perihelion.
...
In the case of Halley's comet during the last passage, the solar flares were ejected on the opposite side of the comet location, towards Earth and not the comet.
Well, according to Wikipedia and other internet sources, that passage happened in 1986, at the start or the time of the minimum of solar cycle 22 (link).

BTW, what was suggested about the cometary induced uptick in solar activity was only sort of a conjecture based on observing what happened just during this last comet's approach, so from statistical PoV the odds of being wrong are more or less the same as being on the right track. :-)

In relation to Halley's comet, there is also this fun fact about SC 22:
Solar Cycle Number 22 (1986 - 1996)
Cycle 22 certainly provided many highlights. Early in the cycle the smoothed sunspot number (determined by the number of sunspots visible on the Sun and used as the traditional measure of the cycle) climbed rapidly; in fact more rapidly than for any previous recorded cycle. This caused many to predict that it would eclipse Cycle 19 (peak sunspot number of 285) as the highest cycle on record. This was not to be as the sunspot number ceased climbing in 1989 and reached a maximum in November of that year. Whilst not of record amplitude, Cycle 22 still rated as 9th largest of the recorded cycles and continued a run of large solar cycles. (Cycles 18, 19 and 21 were all exceptional!) A very notable feature of Cycle 22 was that it had the 2nd shortest rise from minimum to maximum of all recorded cycles - just 38 months.

It would be interesting to see time distribution of the flares and CMEs during Halley's comet last passage and what else was there in the skies during that time.

Could you please provide a source for your info, maybe there could also be some additional and more detailed information about solar activity at that time?
Thanks. :flowers:
 
BTW, what was suggested about the cometary induced uptick in solar activity was only sort of a conjecture based on observing what happened just during this last comet's approach, so from statistical PoV the odds of being wrong are more or less the same as being on the right track. :-)

Yep, as they say, every comet is different. :-)

It would be interesting to see time distribution of the flares and CMEs during Halley's comet last passage and what else was there in the skies during that time.

Could you please provide a source for your info, maybe there could also be some additional and more detailed information about solar activity at that time?
Thanks. :flowers:

I haven't found that there was anything else during that time in the skies. It all happened a few days before perihelion. Here are some articles:

A very intense geomagnetic storm, the largest observed in 26 years, was observed in early February 1986 having just been preceded by a series of six solar flares during the period 3–7 February. The storm and its antecedent flares are currently a subject of great interest because of the unusually large magnitude of the various geomagnetic effects that obtained. The fact that the flares were moderate to large in soft X-ray intensity, but much smaller than the largest that the Sun is capable of producing, coupled with the fact that these events occurred near the minimum of the current solar activity cycle, adds to the uniqueness of the overall episode.

This paper describes the special circumstances surrounding these events and offers an interpretation of the cause and effect relationships through a numerical simulation of the dynamical evolutionary processes that may have occurred in interplanetary space.


The major magnetic storm of February 8–9, 1986, was possibly the final burst of activity caused by a protracted sequence of one or more large solar flares that occurred daily February 4–7. There is great interest in the entire sequence of events, as the magnetic storm was one of the largest in 40 years. By using satellite and ground-based near-real-time data, the staff of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Space Environment Services Center (SESC) provided early alerts about this solar activity and its consequences. This was an opportunity to test many of the interactive data bases available through the new SELDADS II (Space Environmental Laboratory Data Acquisition and Display System).


In this paper, the observational data of Hα, radio, soft X-ray, hard X-ray and γ-ray for the 3B/X3.0 solar flare on February 4, 1986 are collected. This flare is studied comprehensively by using the current loop coalescence model. The results show that the solar flare on Feb. 4, 1986 results from the coalescence instability between the filament current loops, and a sequence of Hα photographs taken at the Urumqi Astronomical Station provide an observational evidence of filament current loops coalescence.

The high energy data for Feb.4, 1986 flare further corrobrate that the coalescence instability is an efficient mechanism for the simultaneous acceleration of high energe particles during the flare.

 
Yep, as they say, every comet is different. :-)

...

I haven't found that there was anything else during that time in the skies. It all happened a few days before perihelion. Here are some articles:
Well, the Wikipedia says that Halley's comet's perihelion occured at February 8th 1986, which is not so much off in terms of that conjecture.

During minima of solar activity, solar magnetic field configuration is rather stable and presumably mainly of dipole character, with field lines smoothly running more or less parallel and relatively close to the solar surface especially in equatorial region.
If Halley's comet's e-m field was strong enough to affect the solar magnetic field lines from further away as it was approaching the Sun, it could have started to drag and pull them sufficiently before it reached perihelion timewise. If so, it would start to sort of wind the solar magnetic field lines around the Sun as it traveled, helped also with the rotation of the Sun. When that winding stretched the lines beyond the field capacity to sustain their integrity, they would break. The point of rupture, near the solar surface that might produce tangible solar flares and CMEs, would be more likely to occur at the root of such stretched winded lines relatively closer to the Sun than to the actual comet's 'grabbing' point, which for strong and long enough dragging and winding might as easily happen to be on the opposite side of the solar sphere than where the comet would actually be located, and also slightly before its perihelion when the comet would already be in Sun's vicinity.

But, as you said, every comet basically has its own story to tell, and these theoretical remarks might or might not apply in general to cometary interactions with solar magnetic field. They might be useful though in a sense of providing some color to, at least in my case, more or less invisible or transparent concept of cometary discharges of the solar capacitor. In that way we can attach some provisional hypothetical mental figure to the phenomenon, OSIT.
 
Well, the Wikipedia says that Halley's comet's perihelion occured at February 8th 1986, which is not so much off in terms of that conjecture.

NASA says that perihelion occurred at February 9th 1986.

At perihelion on Feb. 9, 1986, Halley was only 0.5871 AU (87.8 million km: 54.6 million miles) from the Sun, well inside the orbit of Venus.

And like Laura said, it makes you wonder if some of these celestial objects are perhaps sometimes tools of higher forces. If that's true, then we cannot completely predict what will they do.
 
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