Comet Research Group

From Spaceweather.com

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SOME COMETS LIKE IT HOT: Yesterday, Sept. 17th, Comet Nishimura (C/2023 P1) made a close approach to the sun deep inside the orbit of Mercury (0.22 AU). The comet survived. Petr Horalek photographed it emerging intact from Mount Lysa in Sabinov, Slovakia:




"Because of the glare of sunset, the comet was not visible to the naked eye, however I was able to photograph it using a 5 second exposure at ISO 100," says Horalek. "The comet's brightness is hard to estimate. Considering other stars and the comet's location over the horizon, I believe it to be magnitude 2.0 to 2.5."


Horalek's estimate agrees with that of other experienced observers. If the comet remains this bright, it could become easy to see as it recedes from the sun in the evenings ahead. Stay tuned for updates.


more images: from Michael Jaeger of Stixendorf, Austria; from Radek Grochowski of Sudetes, Poland; from Martin Gembec of the Czech Republic; from Nick James of La Palma, Canary Islands;
 
More footage of comet Nishimura grazing the sun, a little further than the above video:

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COMET NISHIMURA VS. THE SUN: This month, Comet Nishimura (C/2023 P1) is passing by the sun inside the orbit of Mercury. The Heliospheric Imager on NASA's STEREO-A spacecraft has gotten some great footage of the close encounter:


"Comet Nishimura is looking spectacular!" says Karl Battams of the Naval Research Laboratory, who made the movie. "There are lots of beautiful interactions between the comet tail and the solar wind, along with a possible glancing blow from a CME."


The other bright object in the field of view is Mars. Although the comet and the planet seem to be close together (especially on Sept. 23rd), they are in fact very far apart. Mars is on the far side of the sun hundreds of millions of kilometers away.


The comet will remain in STEREO-A's field of view until Oct. 3rd, and Battams plans to make new movies every day. Stay tuned for more CME strikes to Nishimura."

And a sundiving comet:

 

Comet Nishimura, the beautiful comet almost no one saw​



Comet C/2023 P1 (Nishimura) burst into our consciousness in August of 2023. By all accounts, we could expect it to get bright! But, as often happens with comets, this one didn’t get as bright as expected. Indeed, astrophotographers caught glorious images of it. See some in the video above. But it never became easy to see with the eye, however.

At first, the comet started out as a morning object. Then, it left the morning sky around September 10, 2023 and became an evening object. A few people picked it up in the evening skies, and early reports of the comet in the evening were promising. But … no joy. Now, the comet has made its closest pass to our sun in its 435-year orbit. It will be hanging out by the sun in our sky for the next couple of months, making it impossible for amateurs to view.

Meanwhile, the comet is also expected to reappear in our dawn skies toward the end of 2023. But by then it’ll be too distant, and too dim, to view, as it sweeps farther away. But we may get to see some of what it left behind in December, however, with the Sigma Hydrid meteor shower! Read on to learn more about it.



September 17- 23

September 17-26
 
From Spaceweather.com

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THE MILLENNIUM FALCON FLIES AGAIN: Last July, astronomers were surprised when Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks exploded, and the debris formed the shape of the Millennium Falcon. New surprise: It just happened again. On Oct. 5th, the comet exploded with a 100-fold increase in brightness. Once again the debris is shaped like the 'the fastest hunk of junk in the galaxy':​




"It appears that Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is developing the same type of interesting coma as occurred with the last outburst in July," says photographer . Eliot Herman who has been monitoring the outburst from the Utah Desert Observatory.​

Richard Miles of the British Astronomical Association thinks 12P may be one of 10 to 20 known comets with active ice volcanoes. "The two 'horns' may be caused by a peculiarly-shaped cryovolcanic vent with some sort of blockage causing material to be expelled with a weird flow pattern," he speculates.​

Amateur astronomers can monitor developments. The comet is shining as brightly as an 11th magnitude star, putting it within range of mid-sized backyard telescopes. It is located in the constellation Hercules not far from the bright star Vega. [sky map]"​

Skymap showing upper part of Hercules with this comet passing through, note the curently active Draconids just above:

Capture12PPons.PNG
 
Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks has a fresh outburst!
COMET 12P ERUPTS AGAIN: Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks just did it again. On Halloween, it abruptly brightened almost 100-fold, indicating a new outburst of cryovolcanic activity. Retired biology professor and now-amateur astronomer Eliot Herman has been monitoring the comet and caught the Oct. 31st brightening:




"This comet has been widely reported in the news as the 'devil comet' due to two prior outbursts that produced devil-like horns," says Herman. "On Halloween, the devil burst forth again with a large outburst that continued into the next day. On November 2 a new bright coma is beginning to appear and in the next days it will be seen if the devil will make a third appearance. All images were captured with Telescope T11 at the Utah Desert Observatory, and are stacks of 9 x 60 seconds."

Amateur astronomers with backyard telescopes larger than 12-inches are encouraged to monitor developments. The comet is currently shining like a 12th magnitude star, located in Hercules just across the border from the bright star Vega. [sky map]

Comet Pons-Brooks 12P/Pons-BrooksChanges in luminosity over the last 3 days 12.6 mag → 10.7 mag → 11.0 mag#cometcollectionFrom now on, we can't expect clear skies here, so I'm looking forward to seeing pictures from like-minded people.
 
Comet photographed on 11/02, 03UT,The location has been reported to MPC, and the brightness has been reported to COBS.

Comet 12P/Pons-Brook, a sneaker of the past, returns.

UT 12P/Pons-Brook on November 2nd. Luminosity, position, and 3-day data are still unprocessed.#Cometobs

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is a Halley-type periodic comet that was first discovered by Jean-Louis Pons on July 12, 1812 and then independently rediscovered by William Robert Brooks in 1883. It has an orbital period of about 71.3 years. During its closest approach to the Sun or perihelion, the comet comes within about 0.78 astronomical units (AU) of the Sun, while at its furthest point, or aphelion, it is located at a distance of about 17.2 AU. Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is also known for being the probable parent body causing the κ-Draconids meteor shower. Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks will make its return in 2024 and it is expected to reach its maximum brightness (potentially visible to the naked eye) during the month of April. With its closest approach occurring just a few days before a total solar eclipse on April 8, 2024, it presents a unique opportunity for skywatchers to potentially view the comet during the eclipse. However, since the comet's brightness can be unpredictable, there is no guarantee it will be visible, and viewers may need to use binoculars or telescopes to see it. Nevertheless, with the combination of a total solar eclipse and a potentially bright comet passing by, this astronomical event is not to be missed.

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is currently in the constellation of Hercules. The current Right Ascension of Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is 17h 47m 56s and the Declination is +41° 09’ 13” (topocentric coordinates computed for the selected location: [39.5922N, 119.2111W] edit_location_alt). The current estimated magnitude of Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is 13.72 (JPL), while the latest observed magnitude is 12.4 (COBS).

Good morning in the morning Comet C/2023 H2 (Lemmon) and its 10' tail.It will reach magnitude 6.5 or 6 in a few days.#FelizViernes
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2023/11/02 18:06:27(JST) 02.379(UT) ε-160ED+extender+BJ-53L 1m×16 枠内 FCT76+rd+EOS60Da 2m×8 #cometcollection

 
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Is this Comet Pons-Brooks kinda like a precursor/scout ?

From Spaceweather.com:

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MAJOR CRYOVOLCANIC OUTBURST:

Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks just experienced its biggest outburst yet
. On Nov. 14th the cryovolcanic comet abruptly brightened more than 100-fold all the way to magnitude +9.3. Retired biology professor and now-amateur astronomer Eliot Herman has been monitoring the comet almost every night, and he caught the latest eruption hours after it began (lower right):​




"There have now been four major outbursts by this comet in 2023: July 20th, Oct. 5th, Nov. 1st, and now Nov. 14th--a trend that looks to be more frequent activity," says Herman.​


Astronomers have long known that Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is unstable. Discovered in 1812 by Pons, and discovered again in 1883 by Brooks, it visits the inner solar system every 71 years. Since the 19th century at least seven significant outbursts have been observed. 2023 is on pace to match that number in one year alone.​


This comet has been widely reported in the news as the 'devil comet' due to a pair of devil-like horns that appeared during three prior outbursts. This time might be different. "There is no sign of any dark lane in the coma," reports Nick James, Director of the Comet Section of the British Astronomical Association, who took this picture on Nov. 15th:​




"The [comet's atmosphere] seems perfectly circular this time," he says.​


Richard Miles of the British Astronomical Association thinks 12P may be one of 10 to 20 known comets with active ice volcanoes. The “magma” is a cold mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and dissolved gasses, all trapped beneath a surface which has the consistency of wax. These bottled-up volatiles can explode when sunlight opens a fissure.​


Amateur astronomers are encouraged to monitor developments. Comet 12P is currently in the constellation Hercules not far from the bright star Vega. Will the devil's horns reappear? Submit your photos here."​
 
THE COMET REPORT: No one knows what to expect from cryo-volcanic Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks, which erupted again on Nov. 15th. "I made a observation of 12P on Friday evening," reports Lars Zielke from Nerpio, Spain. "What a surprise... I saw a very clear dark streak in the sphere surrounding the comet."


Yesterday, the debris was an optically-thick almost perfectly round sphere. Today, it is cleft by a growing wedge of darkness. A similarly-intense eruption in July produced "devil's horns." Presumably, these features trace back to complex topography on the comet's surface, which is festooned with ice volcanoes.

"There is a lot going on with this comet," says Zielke. "It is one of the most interesting objects to follow in the sky right now."

Indeed, monitoring is encouraged. Comet 12P is currently shining at 9th magnitude, which puts it within range of amateur telescopes. It's easy to find in the constellation Hercules not far from the bright star Vega. Point your optics here.

 
IS THIS THE WEIRDEST COMET EVER? Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks continues to baffle astronomers, who are monitoring the aftermath of its 4th major cryo-volcanic eruption in 2023. Previous eruptions in July and October produced "devils horns." The latest and biggest blast on Nov. 14th has transformed the comet into a pearly-green sphere with a dark lane inside:


"Bursting Comet 12 has a very interesting coma!" says photographer Rok Palcic of Kamnik, Slovenia.

The "devil's horns" of July and October were probably caused by complex topography on the comet's surface. Exhaust from ice volcanoes may be blocked and redirected by obstacles, creating strange shapes. If so, the dark lane in this month's expanding debris could be just another blockage.

Eliot Herman, who has been photographing the comet every night, has a different idea: "I think the substructure is a shadow," he says. In a contrast-enhanced photo of the comet's core, Herman sees a bright plume, which may trace back to a specific volcanic vent:


"The dark lane is curved, and its curvature appears to match that of the bright vent emission," he notes. "This gives the impression that the dark lane may be a shadow of the brighter plume projected onto the coma."

Comet 12P is changing every night, so monitoring is encouraged. The comet is currently shining at 9th magnitude, which makes it an easy target for amateur telescopes. Look for it in the constellation Hercules not far from the bright star Vega. [sky map]

 

caught this on my dashcam whilst driving home from work this evening at 5:38PM (GMT). ignore the timestamp on the video, I haven't disabled daylight saving time.

on camera, the object appears hollow, almost like a corona. but to my naked eye, it was a solid ball, very bright, with a green trail.

I was stunned!

anybody know what this could have been?
 
IS THIS THE WEIRDEST COMET EVER? Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks continues to baffle astronomers, who are monitoring the aftermath of its 4th major cryo-volcanic eruption in 2023. Previous eruptions in July and October produced "devils horns." The latest and biggest blast on Nov. 14th has transformed the comet into a pearly-green sphere with a dark lane inside:
Another update on 12P/Pons-Brook. As it lights up again like a Christmas Tree topper.
In Spanish

In the 20th entry in my @Conversation_E blog I explain our research on the most pristine comets, explaining the reason for their luminous explosions. All this with one click, bringing me closer to 700,000 total readers since the first 10 months ago:
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A NEW BURST OF COMET 12P/PONS-BROOKS DETECTED ON ITS APPROACH TO THE EARTH is the new entry in @Conversation_E
by the astrophysicist @Josep_Trigo @ice_csic @IEEC_space explaining the studies they carry out on the behavior of comets https://theconversation.com/detectado-un-n

Related
Between today and tomorrow, December 1, a G3 solar storm is coming to the planet, there are those who say that they cause earthquakes, I highly doubt it and if it happens it is a coincidence. #solarstorm
 
10 years ago this week, Comet ISON survived its journey past the Sun! Here is it observed by LASCO. ISON will return towards the Sun again in a little under 200 years! #astronomy

20231201_001246.jpg

“If Comet ISON splits, it might appear as a ‘string of pearls’ when viewed through a telescope,” Battams told NASA. “It might even resemble the famous Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 that hit Jupiter in 1994.”

 
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