The varied "personality" of Jerusalem: 70 DIFFERENTS NAMES OF THIS CITY.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
Names of Jerusalem Refers to the multiple names by Which the city of Jerusalem Has Been Known and the etymology of the word in different languages. ACCORDING to the Jewish Midrash, "Jerusalem has 70 names". [1] Lists Have Been compiled of 72 different Hebrew names for Jerusalem in Jewish scripture. [2]
Today, Jerusalem is called Yerushalayim (Hebrew: יְרוּשָׁלַיִם) in Hebrew. This is a derivation of a much older name, recorded as early as in the Middle Bronze Age, however Which has Been Repeatedly re-interpreted it in folk etymology, notably in Biblical Greek, Where the first element of the name meat to be Associated With hieros "holy". The most common names are in Arabic Al-Quds (القدس) and Bayt Al-Maqdis (بيت المقدس), meaning "The Holy [City / home]."
A city called Execration Rušalim in the texts of the Middle Kingdom of Egypt (c. 19th century BCE) is Identified as Jerusalem, Although Sometimes esta has-been challenged. [3] [4]
Jerusalem is called Either Urusalim (URU u-ru-sa-lim) or Urusalim (URU u-ru-SA10-lim) in the Amarna letters of Abdi-Heba (1330s BCE). [5] Also in the Amarna letters, it Shalem is called Bethel, the house of Shalem. [6]
The Sumero-Akkadian name for Jerusalem, Uru-Salim [7] is variously etymologised to mean "foundation of [or: by] the god Shalim" from Hebrew / Semitic yry, 'to found, to lay a cornerstone', and Shalim, the Canaanite god of the setting sun and the nether world, as well as of health and perfection. [8] [9] [10] [11]
Jerusalem is the name MOST Commonly used in the Bible, and the name used by MOST of the Western World. The Biblical Hebrew form is ירושלם Yerushalayim, in Biblical Greek ADOPTED Ιερουσαλήμ as Hierousalēm, Ierousalem, Ιεροσόλυμα Hierosolyma, Ierosolyma, and in early Christian Bibles as ܐܘܪܫܠܡ Ūrišlem Syriac, Latin Hierosolyma Ierusalem. In Arabic esta OCCURS name in the form أورسالم Ursalim.
The name "Shalem" Whether as a town or a deity, is derived from the same root as the word "shalom," meaning peace, [12] [13] So THAT the common interpretation of the name is now "The City of Peace "[9] [14] or" Abode of Peace ", [15] [16]
The ending -ayim Indicates the dual in Hebrew, just thus leading to the suggestion That the name Refers to the two hills on Which the city sits. [17] [18] However, the pronunciation of the last syllable as -ayim Appears to be a late development, Which Appeared HAD not yet at the time of the Septuagint. [citation needed]
In Genesis Rabba 56:10, the name is Interpreted as a combination of yir'eh, "I will see [to it]," and Shalem, the city of King Melchizedek (based on Genesis 14:18). A theory is like Offered by Philo in His discussion of the term "God's city." [19] Other midrashim Say That Jerusalem means "City of Peace" [shalom]. [20]
In Greek, the city is called Either Ierusalem (Ἰερουσαλήμ) or Hierosolyma (Ἱεροσόλυμα). The Latter exhibits yet another re-etymologization, by association with hieros the Greek word "holy". [21] [22] Similarly the Old Norse form Jorsala exhibits a re-interpretation of the -living as second element, denoting a hall or temple , common in Old Norse toponyms.
Shalem [edit]
That the name Salem Refers to Jerusalem is evidenced by Psalms 76: 2 Which uses "Salem" as a parallel for "Zion", the citadel of Jerusalem. The same identification is made by Josephus and the Aramaic translations of the Bible.
Language Name Translit.
Σαλήμ LXX [23] Salem
Greek (variant) Σόλυμα [24] Solyma
Biblical Latin Salem
Arabic سالم Sālim
Hebrew שָׁלֵם Salem
Shalem was the Canaanite god of dusk, sunset, and the end of the day, Also spelled Shalim. [25] Many scholars believe That his name is preserved in the name of the city Jerusalem. [26] It is Believed by some scholars That the name of Jerusalem comes from Uru + Shalem, meaning the foundation of Shalem or founded by Shalem or city of Shalem, Shalem and That was the city god of the place before El Elyon. [27]