Sol (Sun) and its phenomena

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A photo from North Carolina:



And one from Australia:

Someone made here an album from Scotland :

15th April 2025 nr Stirling Scotland

Looking left of Stirling around 11pm 15th April 2025, forecast was for full on cloud so I was very happy to get a brief window of around an hour for some lush colours .

community.spaceweatherlive.com

The flux hitting ACE satellite is lowering but that does mean it's finished, the steady flux can stand for a long time.

 

[mabar]

The flux hitting ACE satellite is lowering but that does mean it's finished, the steady flux can stand for a long time.

This is what xras. ru mentions in his latest update.

The magnetic storm has been going on without a break for about 15 hours now. For the last 6 hours, the geomagnetic index Kp has been at the level of G3.3 (in the range between a strong and very strong storm).

Global geomagnetic activity has been suppressed for the last few hours, as already noted, by a strong positively directed interplanetary magnetic field (red area in the lower figure). As soon as this "defense mechanism" switches off and moves into the blue zone, the magnetic storm, according to the forecast, will again return to storming the G4-G5 levels, and the auroral oval, accordingly, will storm the geographic latitudes of 45-50 degrees.

 

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Somebody posted a video of the aurora captured in Albany, Missouri, USA. Incredible colours

 

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NOAA published a new report saying the vent should be almost finished soon. The conclusion I saw on other forums, is the cosmic wind was very fast on this CME but the particles density was low.

The problem is we can't really know until it impact one of our two satellites able to do the mesure. So only 20 to 35 minutes in advance, depending the wind speed.

CME Passage Continues; G3-G4 Still Possible Tonight, June 1st​

published: Sunday, June 01, 2025 17:57 UTC

The G4 (Severe) geomagnetic storm watch remains in effect for tonight, June 1st (EDT), as CME passage continues. There are indications that the coronal mass ejection (CME) passage is weakening, but the solar wind conditions remain elevated, therefore additional periods of G3-G4 (Strong-Severe) levels remain possible. However, we now anticipate that conditions should weaken enough by tomorrow evening, June 2nd (EDT), that G1 (Minor) storm levels is the most likely peak response.

Source:

CME Passage Continues; G3-G4 Still Possible Tonight, June 1st | NOAA / NWS Space Weather Prediction Center

www.swpc.noaa.gov

 

[benklerk]

I've been keeping an eye on the data coming in. I live at -33.7 latitude south in Australia and you could see it with the naked eye at times. I've seen a few reports from under 30 deg latitude in the Northern Hemisphere also. From a moderate storm, these reported levels shouldn't have happened. I'm still waiting on the confirmed dnt levels. It won't be as strong as last years solar storm where locations never saw the lights in over 100yrs. But it does seem that this solar cycle is really testing the Earth's weaking magnetic field.

 

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Photo of the aurora from Australia:

 

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Finally we are still witnessing an important incoming flux of particles arriving on Earth, others solar storm powering the process:


Source

Geophysicist Stefan Burns say it fuelled earth quakes activity:

So we do have more energy streaming into the planet at this moment in time as a result of this increased relativistic proton flux. We just went through a massive energetic charging event and also a period of heightened energy volatility.

And so we may want to be prepared for more volcanic activity like we saw today with Mount Etna, that pyrolastic flow, which was incredible and also more earthquake activity. Keep in mind this also does translate to topospheric weather. So, expect enhanced weather wherever you are. Wherever the forecast says, I would add a plus one modifier to that.

The other very interesting point he say:

You develop these really intense and stable Birkeland currents which are these long live currents that connect things together throughout not only the solar system but also interstellar space and even at a galactic scale. And anytime you have effectively a conduit of energy like a current or you can think of like a wire, you allow for a transmission of information as well.

Source

I wonder, what about the effects on people this energy have?

 

[mabar]

From spaceweather.com, another kind of Steve.

NOT ALL OF THOSE LIGHTS WERE AURORAS: Last week's severe geomagnetic storm sparked Northern Lights from Canada to the US Gulf coast. Upon closer inspection, not all of those lights were auroras. "I've never seen a streak like this before," says Ken Wegmuller of Whistler, British Columbia, who photographed the phenomenon using a Sony A7IV:

​

This is STEVE--short for "Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement."​

Discovered by citizen scientists less than 10 years ago, STEVE looks like an aurora, but it is not. The phenomenon is caused by hot (3000°C) rivers of gas flowing through Earth’s magnetosphere at speeds exceeding 6 km/s (13,000 mph). These rivers, which flow during strong geomagnetic storms, produce a soft purple glow associated with nitrogen in the upper atmosphere.​

 

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Stefan Burn published another video on June 11 about Sun events and forecast another perturbation will hit the Earth. But more than that, the planets are aligned in such a way that we will probably witness an amplification of the phenomena.

You see that we get this alignment between all these different planets right there.
That is around the very end of June. That is very, very significant.

And right now on June 11th, this is where we are. We are nearly opposite to Jupiter.
So we have Jupiter opposition coming up. That really clicks in around the twenty fifth of June.

But if we go back to around the twenty first,
you'll notice that we have this nice Mars Mercury sun alignment right there.
And this is important because, again,
if you go back to the current time right now, around June 11th and actually even
a few days before that, which would be like June 8th, June 9th,
you'll see that Mars is roughly in the position to have taken a lot of those
coronal mass ejection impacts and they are still streaming into the planet.

And so we know that when a coronal mass
ejection impacts Mars, it generates a local magnetosphere and an ionosphere,
basically charges up the planet.
It doesn't have internal geodynamo anymore.

So it's really only woken up when it is fed solar plasma in this way.
But the fact that it's going to be hit
with all this plasma right around the time that then Mercury swings in and forms
this alignment with it, that is, I think, quite significant.

And then shortly afterwards, we see this line form between all these planets,
Mars, Mercury, Venus, Ceres, Saturn and Neptune, with Jupiter,
the big plasma heavyweight on the other side directly from Earth,
which seems to be in the open position for this alignment.
And even like a dish, you could say like a radio dish.

So it's going to be really interesting to see what happens from this.
My intuition is telling me that we have
some significant solar activity on the way as a result of this alignment.
It's quite, quite striking.

And then if we zoom out, we will also see
that Pluto and Uranus are in a trine at this moment in time.

So though they're not participating directly in this geometry that I just
outlined, they are active in a harmonic arrangement,
which has been identified to amplify these sort of effects.
This is the planetary geometry that's active.

We're starting to see now the beginning ramp up in space weather activity.
I expect that to continue all the way through the end of June.

So this is one of the very important dynamics that's at play right now.
It's going to be getting more and more
important as this coronal hole goes into that Earth facing geo-effective position.
Again, that magnetic field streaming directly out.
So it looks like all the planets are going to be connected together
gravitationally and electromagnetically around the mid to end of June.
And so it looks like in my intuition,
it's telling me that we have some significant selectivity on the way
as a result of that and it hasn't materialized yet.
But I think that's very likely to occur.
I could be wrong. Nothing could happen.
We'll just have to wait and see.

Right now, we can see that the Kp-index which reflect activity of magnetometers around the planet is raising again:



All details in the video of Stefan:

 

[mabar]

Stefan Burn published another video on June 11 about Sun events and forecast another perturbation will hit the Earth. But more than that, the planets are aligned in such a way that we will probably witness an amplification of the phenomena.

We'll just have to wait and see.

Seeing

From xras.ru

ALERT: A medium-strength magnetic storm is occurring with the possibility of reaching strong levels

On Earth, starting from 11 p.m. Moscow time, a magnetic storm has been registered and as of 4 a.m. has not stopped, having reached the G2.3 level at the moment. The event duration is currently about 5 hours. The G2.3 event score is above the average level and exceeds the threshold, starting from which the impact on energy systems and the propagation of radio waves becomes noticeable. The causes of the storm are not obvious at the moment. In the last hours, measuring instruments showed a noticeable increase in plasma density and magnetic field induction in the solar wind surrounding the Earth. At the same time, the plasma velocity (the main indicator of the arrival of mass ejections or matter flow from the coronal hole to the Earth) has not increased. The event was also absent from the geomagnetic forecast.
The impact of a large coronal hole on the Earth, which is already clearly visible in the southern hemisphere of the Sun , was predicted for the next 24 hours (the night of June 13-14). This allows us to assume that the Earth is currently interacting with a dense flow of matter formed at the edge of the coronal hole. Inside coronal holes, the plasma is, as expected, very rarefied, which is sometimes compensated by a density jump at their boundaries. If this is so, then the speed of the solar wind, which is still unchanged, may begin to grow earlier than scheduled, already today, June 13, during the day. The duration and possible strength of the current storm are difficult to predict: the event, as already noted, was not in the forecast, and, in addition, we are talking about transient boundary processes that are difficult to evaluate mathematically. For now, we can only state that the planet is prematurely entering a 2-3 day period of complex geomagnetic conditions with strong fluctuations in geomagnetic indices. The last time this hole passed in front of the Earth, in May 2025, the peak values of the magnetic storms recorded then were in the G2-G3 range.

From spaceweather.com

FRIDAY THE 13TH GEOMAGNETIC STORM: Arriving earlier than expected, a CIR (co-rotating interaction region) hit Earth's magnetic field on June 13th, sparking a G2-class geomanetic storm. There is a chance that this ongoing storm could intensify to category G3 (Strong). CIRs are like mini-CMEs. They contain shock waves and enhanced magnetic fields that do a good job sparking auroras.

Also interesting:

A HIDDEN WORLD OF SOLAR ACTIVITY: In the 17th century when Anton van Leeuwenhoek looked through a microscope and saw bacteria for the first time, he revealed a new "world of the small" and forever upended the field of biology. Is the same thing about to happen to solar physics?​

Maybe. A paper just published in Nature Astronomy reports a new technology for seeing very small things in the atmosphere of the sun. It's a system of adaptive optics that corrects for turbulence in Earth's atmosphere. A test run in July 2023 on the 1.6 m Goode Solar Telescope in California's Big Bear Lake produced an immediate discovery:

"We became astounded witnesses to a strange, short-lived object," recalls the research team, led by Dirk Schmidt of the NSF National Solar Observatory. "We call it a twisted plasmoid."

The plasmoid is unlike anything seen inside the sun's atmosphere before. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory was observing at the same time and saw nothing. The Big Bear adaptive optics system is so good at correcting turbulent blur, it outperforms space telescopes.

A movie of the plasmoid shows a narrow stream of plasma less than 100 km wide moving like a flagellate under van Leeuwenhoek's microscope. The front of the stream "suddenly stopped and collided with its own rear half," before fading away. Other structures observed by the team may be as narrow as 20 km across.

 

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Stefan published another video. He repeat more or less the same things but here the points I noticed:

The planets alignements is mainly for June 29 as you can see on the picture. So the gravity of those bodies will pile up and probably strongly influence the Sun. What will happen is to see.

I really wonder if it's linked, in a way or another, with what the C's said in the March 29 session :

A: things may get dire as summer approaches. Just sit tight and hang on!

The other point is the coronal hole of the Sun which load its energy into the Earth and so will possibly trigger earthquakes when there is enough:

Large coronal holes seem to be connected to the highest
magnitude earthquakes across a very large data time span.
So every time that there's a very high magnitude earthquake
that we look at the sun across our limited record of solar data,
going back to like the 70s,
there's usually a big coronal hole right in that geoffective position,
not small one, but a big one.
So we have that new coronal hole that will soon be going geoffective.
That's actually not new. It's the 10th rotation.
It's also the continuous loading of this energy into the earth
that seems to trigger these big earthquakes
because it just progressively loads the fault with more and more energy
until finally ruptures.
So we are looking at the 10th rotation of that coronal hole
to perhaps pick up global earthquake activity.
But we'll just have to wait and see if that does pan out.

 

[Olivierlejardinier]

The other point is the coronal hole of the Sun which load its energy into the Earth and so will possibly trigger earthquakes when there is enough:

It starts facing earth, solar wind flowing from this large southern coronal hole should reach Earth on June 15-16 - SpaceWeather.com:



Meanwhile, there was a strong impulsive M6 flare from departing sunspot (UTC 23:06) :

 

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Stefan published another video. I don't know how he manage to create videos with such great animations in a such short time.

Anyway the new one tackles big cycles of the Sun. On a large scale of time the Sun is moving from the local cloud to the the G cloud:


The G cloud have a movement to the left and the Sun to the upper right.

And the conditions of the G cloud are probably different.

"So we are going from the local cloud to the G cloud.
And again we don't know the characteristics of it really that well.
It could be quite a change.
We've been in this local cloud for a while.
And if for example the G cloud is very cold and dense.
And let's say it's even very dusty as well.
Most plasmas are dusty plasmas.
Because they kind of create dust.
And so it's much colder and denser.
That could really compress the heliosphere.
Because the local cloud right now is fairly high temperature and therefore the density is quite low."

This is something the Sun has already done while he rotate around the Milky Way. Movement of the Sun:

"Astronomers have calculated that it takes about 220 million years for our sun to travel around the entire Milky Way galaxy.
There is some evidence that suggests that there have been mass extinction events that have occurred when we've gone from the low density zone above the spiral arm of the Milky Way through the higher density spiral arm of the Milky Way.
Because there's been more impact events things of that nature.
Perhaps it's also through these sort of plasma dynamics with the heliosphere undergoing dramatic changes.
How does that also change solar energy output?
That's another big unknown with all this.
But this would have a very strong effect because now instead of being protected by the heliosphere from those cosmic rays, Earth's magnetic field would be taking all this radiation on directly.
And this local ribbon of cold clouds is estimated to have a hydrogen density of like 3000 per cubic centimeter.
So very, very high."

"We also have these historic planetary residences that are occurring this year and next year with the great conjunction between Saturn and Neptune.
So there's a lot that's ready on our plate at this moment in time.
And underneath all that is this historic, gigantic shift in our interstellar energy,
going from the specific plasma characteristics of the local cloud to the new and unknown plasma characteristics of the g-cloud.
And because this is our interstellar medium, it's really the background energy that everything else is resting upon.
We don't know how changing plasma dynamics of these clouds affects the Earth or the Sun directly.
Again, we have that evidence from maybe 2-3 million years ago, some geologic evidence.
But in general, it's a very, very big unknown.
And so this could mean that there's increased cosmic rays coming in."

So there's several points at play in this great mechanical. Here they are if I forget nothing:
- Alignement of planets in the Solar system itself
- Solar system rotating around the Milky Way
- Solar system going in and out the G cloud
+ Oort cloud interaction

I think all this is linked with the cycles the C's talk about. I don't know about the density change if it's due to changing from one cloud to another or if it's a more, more global phenomenon. I guess it's the second hypothesis. For the moment linking Stefan explanations with the C's informations is a bit blurred. Help welcome. Perhaps I should ask Grok...

Q: (L) Whatever is in that realm fluctuates?
A: No. Your planet fluctuates between realms.
Q: (L) How often does this fluctuation occur?
A: About every 309,000 years.

All the details:

 

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And now a new sunspot numbered group 4114, appeared and which will probably go straight onto us in the incoming days, combined with the coronal hole...

And so in general when x-ray flux baseline is higher you have a potential for a stronger solar flare.
We've been ramping up now for seven days.
And we've had these three solar flares pop off in just the last 24 hours.
A 6.8 m class flare and then a 2.2 and a 1.9.

And so conditions are basically perfect for us to have a significant
solar storm launch towards earth because sunspot group 4114 has been growing rapidly.

We will see how it develop. For the moment all is normal.

Note that the alignement of planets shown in previous post will start June 21:



Stefan displayed an interesting plate about bioelectricity in our body which is certainly affected by solar storms:



And another one about field affecting human:




Source:

 

[Olivierlejardinier]

And now a new sunspot numbered group 4114, appeared and which will probably go straight onto us in the incoming days, combined with the coronal hole...

This sunspot did produce some strong flares, M8 on sunday and M6 yesterday, both without significant earth directed CME according to spaceweather forum and some speculate that today, its magnetic polarities start decaying:

AS PREDICTED, A STRONG SOLAR FLARE: We thought sunspot 4114 might flare, and it did. On June 15th at 1806 UTC, the growing active region erupted with an M8.3-class solar flare (almost X-class). NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory captured the extreme ultraviolet flash:​

​

Radiation from the flare caused a shortwave radio blackout over North America. Ham radio operators may have noticed loss of signal at frequencies below 20 MHz.​

The explosion also hurled a CME into space. Most of the CME will miss Earth, sailing north of our planet; most, but not all. The CME's flank should strike Earth on or about June 18th, bringing a chance of geomagnetic storms.​