Another whistleblower dead: journalist Michael Hastings

Chris

Jedi
http://www.hangthebankers.com/another-whistleblower-dead-journalist-michael-hastings/

This is the title of the above mentioned article from 20th June, 2013 I found on the internet regarding journalist Michael Hastings' suspicious death. Allegedly, his car caught fire after being involved in a high-speed crash into a tree. What a load of BS. So now the CIA has openly started killing journalists. What strikes me the most is the impunity with which these intelligence agencies are acting, since this is not a discreet assassination at all. And I don't know how much attention the MSM is going to give to this news.

Another whistleblower dead: journalist Michael Hastings by Clark Kent
20 Jun 2013

Michael Hastings was working on a story about the CIA prior to his death, according to LA Weekly. “That Hastings had the Central Intelligence Agency in his sights is no surprise to those who knew his work,” writes Dennis Romero, adding that “the shadowy world of intelligence and off-the-record American aggression was a favorite topic of the journalist.”

The story gets even more suspicious. Hastings apparently contacted Wikileaks a few hours before his death. The whistleblower organization posted the following tweet:

<Tweet not posted here>

The establishment media glossed over the suspicious death of Rolling Stone journalist Michael Hastings in cursory fashion.

“Mr. Hastings was believed to have been alone in the car, which struck a tree at high speed, according to the Los Angeles County Coroner’s office,” the New York Times reported earlier today.

Photographs of the crash scene, however, reveal that the car Hastings was in did not experience a high-speed crash. “There is no impact damage to this car. The only damage there is BLOWN OUT in the back, not smashed in the front and it obviously missed the tree as it rolled to a stop,” writes Jim Stone. “This was a Mercedes, not a Pinto, which means it did not burst into flames on its own. One (seldom quoted) eyewitness said the car ‘exploded,’” Stone continues.

“No matter how you slice this particular pie, a Mercedes is not just going to explode into flames without a little assistance,” Stone explains. “Car fires in new cars happen for three main reasons — running the engine out of oil, or running the engine out of coolant, or after an absolutely huge car mangling accident, having the hot side of the battery short out against the frame before it reaches the fuse panel. And for all 3 of those normal reasons, which account for virtually all car fires in modern cars, the fire would have started in the engine compartment, progressed slowly, and scorched the hell out of the paint before ever reaching the gas tank. That clean paint is the be all tell all, Michael Hastings was murdered, and the rest is detail.”

The murder of Michael Hastings needs to be put in context. He is the journalist who brought down Gen. Stanley A. McChrystal, then the top commander of United States forces in Afghanistan. The military undoubtedly viewed Hasting’s reportage as a direct threat and reacted accordingly.

Obama’s Assassination Policy

In February, the Justice Department released to the two congressional intelligence committees classified documents spelling out its legal justification for assassinating American citizens. The documents refer to the Pentagon dinner guest Anwar al-Awlaki who was allegedly killed by a CIA Predator drone strike in Yemen. Obama had the documents released on the eve of confirmation hearings of John O. Brennan, his pick for CIA boss and, not exactly coincidentally, the main architect of his murderous drone program.

Even though the public was not allowed to see the documents, the establishment media dutifully spread the message – the government had contrived a legal justification for assassinating citizens, beginning with alleged al-Qaeda bigwig al-Awlaki and his teenage son. Millions of Americans – brainwashed by years of war on terror fairy tales and propaganda – supported the policy.

Targeting Journalists

The Obama administration demonstrated its contempt for the First and Fourth Amendments of the Constitution when it was revealed in May that the Justice Department secretly obtained phone records of journalists at the Associated Press.

The move was an obvious attempt to intimidate and send a message to elements of the establishment media not following the government’s playbook. Fear and intimidation may work for establishment journalists, but for alternative media journalists – even those working on the fringe of the establishment represented by the liberal magazine Rolling Stone – assassination now appears to be the preferred course of action for deviating from the script.

The sloppiness of the Michael Hastings assassination was deliberate. The government, the Pentagon and the CIA are interested in sending a message, the same message sent by Hitler, Stalin, Mao and dozens of other dictators – go up against the government, deviate from unwritten parameters, and you may be assassinated.

There is another article on sott.net on the journalist's death here: http://www.sott.net/article/262979-Michael-Hastings-researching-Jill-Kelley-case-before-his-death
 
Here is an article pusblished by RT:

http://rt.com/usa/hastings-dies-crash-suspicions-020/

RIP Michael Hastings: Journalist who exposed American military killed in car crash
Published time: June 20, 2013 18:16
Edited time: June 21, 2013 10:52

A hard-hitting journalist, war reporter and author Michael Hastings, whose revelatory article brought down a four-star general, the US military chief in Afghanistan, has died in a car accident in Los Angeles at the age of 33.

There are few details about the accident that killed the journalist in the early hours of Tuesday. Police have determined that speed was main factor. However, neither Los Angeles officers nor the county coroner's office could confirm his death as the body still has not been officially ID’d.

Coroner's Lieutenant Fred Corral said it was impossible immediately identify the driver as his body was burned beyond recognition. It would also take weeks to get results from toxicology tests.

Despite the lack of official information, the family and Hastings’ latest employer, BuzzFeed editor-in-chief Ben Smith have confirmed the journalist was killed in a tragedy at the corner of Melrose and Highland Avenues in LA.

"We are shocked and devastated by the news that Michael Hastings is gone," BuzzFeed editor-in-chief said in a statement. "Michael was a great, fearless journalist with an incredible instinct for the story, and a gift for finding ways to make his readers care about anything he covered, from wars to politicians."

Smith said he learned of the death from a family member.

Michael Hastings was best known for his sensational, award-winning piece 'The Runaway General' published in Rolling Stone in 2010. It portrayed a commander of the US-led force in Afghanistan Gen. Stanley McChrystal and “general's staff” as “handpicked collection of killers, spies, geniuses, patriots, political operators and outright maniacs”, revealed openly disrespectful attitude to President Obama, administration officials, including Vice President Joe Biden, and their war policies.

As a result, less than 48 hours after Hastings’s article was made public, McChrystal was summoned to the White House and sacked from his position. Obama replaced McChrystal in Afghanistan with David Petraeus, who later also become a central figure in another Hastings revelatory article. Titled ‘The Sins Of General David Petraeus’ it gave details of Petraeus' strategy for the war and touched closely his private life. Petraeus resigned in disgrace in November 2012 after admitting an affair with his biographer Paula Broadwell, 20 years his junior.

‘The Runaway General’, for which Hastings won a George Polk Award, sparked debate in the media over war journalism. Hastings’ article also led to some restrictions narrowing access to information, making reporting for many journalists more complicated.

The war theme and McChrystal’s command then also became a base for his bigger work – a book “The Operators: The Wild and Terrifying inside Story of America's War in Afghanistan''.

Experienced war reporter, Hastings revealed shocking details of military activities overseas.

"Michael Hastings' death cuts short a life dedicated to speaking truth to power. He believed that journalists must be more than bystanders; he was a truthteller, a charming provocateur and a relentless seeker of decency in a nasty world,'' said David Rosenthal, president of The Blue Rider Press, which published "The Operators'' in 2012.

The war in Iraq personally affected Michael. In 2006 Hastings reported from the warzone, his fiancée Andrea Parhamovich, followed him to Baghdad and was killed in an ambush in January 2007.

Hastings wrote about the experience in a 2008 memoir, 'I Lost My Love in Baghdad: A Modern War Story.'

In his latest work Hastings’ concentrated on covering hot-button topics including National Security Agency and the CIA.

His final piece for Buzzfeed titled ‘Why Democrats Love To Spy On Americans’ dates back June 7.

Hastings’ death has prompted conspiracy theorists to suggest the car crash was more than an accident as the journalist’s last works covered burning issues.

Shortly after his death Wikileaks twitted that Hastings reported to the organization’s lawyer that he was under FBI investigation.

Hastings had written freelance stories for GQ, the Los Angeles Times, Daily Beast and the Washington Post.
 
Some discussion on the strange manner of his death:
http://turkfromaustralia.wordpress.com/2013/06/21/easy-to-make-hastings-car-accelerate-automatically-to-kill-him-in-accident/

EASY TO MAKE HASTINGS CAR ACCELERATE AUTOMATICALLY TO KILL HIM IN “ACCIDENT”…

This post outlines a plausible scenario in which Michael Hastings might have been murdered by the government altering the software in his car and auto accelerating his vehicle to his death. For more info on his death and the car accident, please refer to link below…

Journalist who exposed American military killed in car crash

http://rt.com/usa/hastings-dies-crash-suspicions-020/

I’m a computer programmer, I’m no conspiracy theorist or anything, but I think no item should be left unturned when investigating Hastings suspicious death. If the investigators don’t think of potential hypothetical scenarios, they will not be able to investigate for it. Here is a scenario…

All modern cars now days run on code, the code or “software” in his car could have been altered to ensure that once over a particular speed, it auto accelerates at full speed while the breaks are disabled and the car ends up crashing at some point. If you pull the handbrake, you’ll end up going sideways and crashing, if you don’t do that, you’ll end up hitting something at very high speed. Notice how the car exploded? That is not normal, and only “normal” for it to happen in the movies. The new Mercedes that Hastings was driving would be full of gadgets and sensor information will be available to the central computer/application programming interface (API), making it easy to alter or hack.

They should look for signs of accessing the computer in the car (usually underneath the driver’s seat or behind the steering wheel assembly) either using forced entry, cutting bits and pieces out from underneath the car to access it, or by getting a new key from the car distributor (sales outlet where he brought his car). Since the government can print copies of passports without issue, and produce the necessary points of ID, it’s easy to get a copy of the key from the car dealer (criminals even do this, that’s how they steal new model cars now). If they did this, it would leave a trace, if they used forced entry by cutting underneath the car, which would leave a trace.

Also, the computer program may still be on the cars computer, but could also been auto deleted as soon as a crash was detected (since the car knows when it has entered a crash, it can trigger many things to occur before the car and its contents are destroyed, this information would be available to the central computer). Now, the investigator would need to check for deleted files as well as securely deleted files (files that are deleted in a way to prevent undeleting). If the investigator doesn’t know to check for these items, they will NEVER know or be able to isolate this possibility.

Governments used to kill people by triggering an explosion of a targets car during ignition, this is now old news, and I’m sure they have more effective ways of murdering people who are in their car, and making it look more accidental (and our scenario satisfies both these items). The fact that the car was going at a insidiously high rate of speed is what’s making me very suspicious. He seems like a responsible person, and I didn’t think he would choose to go at rates of speed above 100 m/h in suburban streets. The engine flew out of the car (as reported and visible in the news video/footage)! If our scenario is true, he would have tried to keep the car in control until he could figure out a way to reduce the speed, but of course, the cars speed would have just kept increasing until he inevitably lost control, since the top speed of his car is about 3 times that of typical highway speeds (if not more) – and imagine this on a suburban road!

Remember, the government always has methods of killing people that it has not yet disclosed to the public, it is for this reason they can get away with it without it looking suspicious. To equalize the playing field, we have to think about these possibilities and ensure they are part of the investigation. Otherwise, we’ll only know in 70 years when it’s too late and the items are declassified.

The last point I wanted to make was, they probably had access to his computer just like they had access to that female journalist’s computer at CNN (who came out to the world and told everyone just recently), where CNN confirmed deeply hidden unauthorized code undetectable by antivirus scanners actively controlling her computer. If they (the government) saw a potentially damaging story coming, or a story that he was working on or was about to break, then they may have killed him for that reason (to prevent it from coming out) or for many other possible reasons we’ve just yet been unable to imagine. There is a reason Glenn Greenwald lives in Brazil, to stay the hell away from US law enforcement and their ability to harm him in any way. I think we need to determine if he was working on a big story, but if they had access to his computer, it would have been irrecoverably deleted most likely (but may still be possible to retrieve if an investigator can access his computer).

Do I believe this happened? Unlikely, but even if there is a 1% possibility, it’s worth investigating for. What do you guys think?

I’m mainly worried that the investigator is not going to know to look for these types of things, because they probably know very little about computers. My aim in making this post is to get the word out and to ensure whoever is responsible for the investigation does a comprehensive job, and the only way I can see to ensure investigators are doing the necessary work is to put pressure on them through the force of the people and the media, to ensure this scenario and any other conceivable scenario is not overlooked and are accounted for.

To end, I wanted to include some complimentary information about how easy it is to overtake the software system of a car by quoting DARPA PM Kathleen Fisher, followed by a link to the video of the text.

From a lecture by Dr. Kathleen Fisher, DARPA Program Manager, High Assurance Systems:

“Modern vehicles consist of between 30 and 100 embedded control units which are essentially small computers connected via CAN bus. [ CAN bus (for controller area network) is a vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other within a vehicle without a host computer. - donnafritz from Wikipedia] These cars were required by law to have a diagnostic port typically located under the steering wheel that allows mechanics to download diagnostic information and to perform software updates. In the first paper, the researchers from UCSD and the University of Washington showed that if they could touch the CAN bus to that diagnostic port, they could take over all of the functionality of the car that’s controlled by software. And in an modern automobile, that’s pretty much everything: the breaks are controlled by software because of anti-lock breaking,the acceleration is controlled by software because of cruise control, and those fancy cars that can park themselves, even the steering is under software control. The reaction to this first paper was somewhat muted, perhaps because the researchers had access to that diagnostic port, they were inside the car, and so already had physical access to the breaks, acceleration, and steering. They responded with a second paper, in which they showed a variety of ways of touching that CAN bus without physically touching the car. These attacks involved infecting the computers and repair shop, and then having that infection spread to the car through diagnostic port or hacking into the blue tooth system, or using the cell phone network to break into the telematics unit that’s normally used to provide roadside assistance. The most ingenious attack, though used the stereo system in the car. The researchers were able to craft an electronic version of a song that played just fine in your household stereo system or on your personal computer. But when you put that on a CD and played it in the car CD player, it took over total control of your automobile. Yeah right – pretty scary, huh? These vulnerabilities arise because the cyber components of the interface of these cars are built from the same kinds of buddy components that are in your personal computers, and the control systems that are actually running the car have no notion that there can be an attacker sitting on the CAN bus. [...] “

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=3D6jxBDy8k8

Want more? Here is a 12 minute video of a hacker taking over a car and controlling its systems remotely aired on PBS: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/tech/tadayoshi-kohno.html

Thank you for reading. To ensure this issue gets the necessary investigative attention, please pass this on to some friends, tweet the link and up vote + like on reddit (http://redd.it/1grycy) and WordPress. Without additional coverage, this story will get buried and the details will go unknown – we need Hasting’s voice to be heard, especially after his passing.
 
http://www.news.com.au/world-news/reporter-michael-hastings-sent-panicky-email-hours-before-sudden-car-crash-death/story-fndir2ev-1226669297371

Reporter Michael Hastings sent panicky email hours before sudden car crash death
by: Staff writers
From:
news.com.au
June 25, 2013 6:58AM

AMERICAN journalist Michael Hastings told colleagues he suspected he was being investigated by the FBI just hours before he was killed in a fiery car crash in Los Angeles.

Hastings, a former Buzzfeed and Rolling Stone reporter, also revealed he was "onto a big story" in an email that has alarmed his former colleagues and created mass suspicion among online commentators.

The 33-year-old made his big break while writing for Rolling Stone when he triggered the downfall of General Stanley A McChrystal with a damning profile on "The Runaway General". He also had stints reporting from war-zones in Afghanistan and Iraq.

On the subject of his car accident, the LAPD says there are no signs of foul play. His Mercedes reportedly hit a tree at high speed, causing the car to burst into flames. But there are some eyewitness accounts which suggest his car exploded before impact.

Investigators are yet to formally identify Hastings' body as his remains are so badly charred.

Slate reports his last email, found by a friend, read: "Hey... the feds are interviewing my 'close friends and associates.' Perhaps if the authorities arrive 'buzz Feed GQ' er HQ, may be wise to immediately request legal counsel before any conversations or interviews about our news-gathering practices or related journalism issues. Also: I'm onto a big story, and need to go off the radar for a bit."

The FBI subsequently issued a statement to the press denying it was conducting any investigation of Hastings. But an Army officer who knew Hastings from the frontline, Staff Sgt. Joseph Biggs, reckons something is off.

"It alarmed me very much," he told Salon. "It doesn't seem like him. I don't know, I just had this gut feeling and it just really bothered me."

Infowars.com also reports Hastings's "big story" was related to the CIA, and that he'd contacted WikiLeaks lawyer Jennifer Robinson the day before his death.

Hastings previously revealed he'd been subjected to death threats during his investigation of General McChrystal, saying it was commonplace in his line of work: "Whenever I'd been reporting around groups of dudes whose job it was to kill people, one of them would usually mention that they were going to kill me.
 
chrismcdude said:
They should look for signs of accessing the computer in the car (usually underneath the driver’s seat or behind the steering wheel assembly) either using forced entry, cutting bits and pieces out from underneath the car to access it, or by getting a new key from the car distributor (sales outlet where he brought his car). Since the government can print copies of passports without issue, and produce the necessary points of ID, it’s easy to get a copy of the key from the car dealer (criminals even do this, that’s how they steal new model cars now). If they did this, it would leave a trace, if they used forced entry by cutting underneath the car, which would leave a trace.

...

“Modern vehicles consist of between 30 and 100 embedded control units which are essentially small computers connected via CAN bus. [ CAN bus (for controller area network) is a vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other within a vehicle without a host computer. - donnafritz from Wikipedia] These cars were required by law to have a diagnostic port typically located under the steering wheel that allows mechanics to download diagnostic information and to perform software updates.


No physical access was needed.

According to this article:
_www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/06/24/michael-hastings-car-hacked_n_3492339.html

Hastings was driving a 2013 Mercedes C250 coupe when he crashed into a tree on Highland Ave. in Los Angeles at approximately 4:30 am on June 18.


According to Mercedes' website:
_www.mbusa.com/mercedes/vehicles/class/features/class-C/bodystyle-CPE/vehicle-technology

His car had a technology called "mbrace" which allows:
Remote Vehicle Diagnostics

Beyond allowing you to perform a check of your vehicle's main systems remotely, mbrace2 can automatically alert you to potential issues before they become full-fledged problems. In addition, it enables your vehicle to receive software updates wirelessly through the mbrace2 network.

So a psychopath a thousand miles away could:

1. Do a title search for the VIN (vehicle identification number) of Hastings car.
2. Hack the mbrace2 network and match the VIN.
3. Monitor his GPS for a suitable location.
4. Execute.

New cars are death drones.


[All Bold emphasis mine.]
 
http://youtu.be/oqe6S6m73Zw

Check out this video. Says it all really.
 
Perceval said:
http://youtu.be/oqe6S6m73Zw

Check out this video. Says it all really.

Thank you for posting, Perceval. It does says it all. It's really shocking. People driving their cars are not even aware how easy it is for someone to cause their car to crash or to behave like it has mind of it's own. Michael Hasting's "accident' would be a good example. I wonder how many "accidents" had already happened because of this? They had to test this previously on someone else's car, right? And what would be the good test subject for them? An unsuspected person(s), I think.
 
So Stanley (McCrystal, the now forcibly retired former general who was f*cking up the Afghanistan War and mouthed off about Obama and Biden to Hastings, thus ensuring his early retirement) got Hastings.

Him and his cashiered special ops friends in the US Navy Seals, Army Green Berets, etc., most likely. If it wasn't sanctioned by that bad-ass drone murderer in chief Obama, however, they should watch their backs. The CIA hires and trains the best US assassins out of the special forces, and they are effective.

Their motto is, "Whatever it takes." I've heard that from an ex-CIA contractor guy who had been merely talking about old times in Vietnam a little too freely. If you think about that for a second, any individual person doesn't stand a chance, should the crosshairs of the Eye of Mordor fall upon them.

Bloodthirsty gung-ho kill 'em all let god sort 'em out asshole former US Army general Stanley McCrystal and his special ops friends deserve nothing less. I hope they all enjoy driving for the rest of their lives.
 
Perceval said:
http://youtu.be/oqe6S6m73Zw

Check out this video. Says it all really.

Almost all. They give the impression someone would need to install something or connect directly to the cars system (by tearing out the dashboard). They do not even mention the more dangerous reality of remote wireless control like Michael Hasting's car.

It was sickening to hear these DARPA funded idiots laughing while they were controlling the car.
 
James Henry said:
It was sickening to hear these DARPA funded idiots laughing while they were controlling the car.

Yes, I totally agree with that sentiment!
 
James Henry said:
Perceval said:
http://youtu.be/oqe6S6m73Zw

Check out this video. Says it all really.

Almost all. They give the impression someone would need to install something or connect directly to the cars system (by tearing out the dashboard). They do not even mention the more dangerous reality of remote wireless control like Michael Hasting's car.

It was sickening to hear these DARPA funded idiots laughing while they were controlling the car.

Yes. I agree as well. A really good find. Combine this with wireless remote control and all one has to do is tighten the driver's seat belts, lock the steering wheel, disable the brakes, and a modern car becomes the perfect weapon. This is horrifying. RIP Michael Hastings. The world is a dimmer place without people like him.

And did I hear that properly? Were those guys joking about disabling brakes while you are driving to pick up your kids? What a demented sense of humor.
 
It just surfaced that medical equipment (madical?? :lol:) can be used in a similar vein as well:

http://www.sott.net/article/264387-Elite-hacker-Barnaby-Jack-dies-ahead-of-Black-Hat-event

An elite hacker who was due to demonstrate how heart implants could be hacked has died unexpectedly in San Francisco.

[...]

He had been due to give a presentation into medical device vulnerabilities at the Black Hat security conference in Las Vegas taking place next week.

He had said one technique could kill a man from 30 feet (nine metres) away.

[...]

More recently, he emerged as a leading expert in the weaknesses that could be found in medical technology.

Last year, he told the BBC about how he had discovered flaws in widely-used insulin pumps which allowed him to compromise the devices.

The hack made it possible to control them and administer a fatal level of insulin, Mr Jack said.

"My purpose was not to allow anyone to be harmed by this because it is not easy to reproduce," he told the BBC during an interview in April 2012.

"But hopefully it will promote some change in these companies and get some meaningful security in these devices."

Mr Jack's expertise and vivid demonstrations of his knowledge at events like Black Hat earned him the respect of many security professionals.
[...]

EDIT: spelling.
 
And also this:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JzWHZngfONo

This is allegedly supposed to be a CCTV footage of Michael Hastings' car exploding before it swerves away from the road and into a tree. I tried to play it frame by frame but couldn't be sure if there were two separate explosions though.
 
chrismcdude said:
And also this:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JzWHZngfONo

This is allegedly supposed to be a CCTV footage of Michael Hastings' car exploding before it swerves away from the road and into a tree. I tried to play it frame by frame but couldn't be sure if there were two separate explosions though.

Looks like a car swerving at high speeding before crashing. Certainly it's suggestive of someone who has lost control of their vehicle.

On the car hacking business

Here's a DARPA presentation on car hacking among other things (like insulin pump hacking!) Note the various ways she says it can be done.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3D6jxBDy8k8

and:

Former U.S. National Coordinator for Security, Infrastructure Protection, and Counter-terrorism Richard Clarke told The Huffington Post that what is known about the single-vehicle crash is "consistent with a car cyber attack."

Clarke said, "There is reason to believe that intelligence agencies for major powers" -- including the United States -- know how to remotely seize control of a car.

"What has been revealed as a result of some research at universities is that it's relatively easy to hack your way into the control system of a car, and to do such things as cause acceleration when the driver doesn't want acceleration, to throw on the brakes when the driver doesn't want the brakes on, to launch an air bag," Clarke told The Huffington Post. "You can do some really highly destructive things now, through hacking a car, and it's not that hard."

"So if there were a cyber attack on the car -- and I'm not saying there was," Clarke added, "I think whoever did it would probably get away with it."

Here's an article from 3.5 years ago on the topic:

Car hacks could turn commutes into a scene from Speed

Researchers at the University of Washington and University of California-San Diego have examined the multitudinous computer systems that run modern cars, discovering that they're easily broken into with alarming results. Hackers can disable the brakes of moving vehicles, lock the key in the ignition to prevent the engine from being turned off, jam all the door locks, and make the engine run faster. Less dangerously, they can control the radio, heating, and air conditioning, or just endlessly honk the horn.

Here's a NY Times article on car hacking from 2.5 years ago...

Researchers Show How a Car’s Electronics Can Be Taken Over Remotely

With a modest amount of expertise, computer hackers could gain remote access to someone’s car — just as they do to people’s personal computers — and take over the vehicle’s basic functions, including control of its engine, according to a report by computer scientists from the University of California, San Diego and the University of Washington.
 
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