On episode 6, Ed Barnhart is explaining the Long Count Mayan Calendar to Graham. Says that the 13 bʼakʼtun started on 3114 BC. Then Barnhart says,
"Why did it start at 3114 BC? Thats one that the best minds for a century now have failed to sufficiently answer," to which Graham responds "I find that date fascinating, itself, since many ancient civilizations, if we follow the archeological record, had an extraordinary beginning around that time". After which images of the Giza Pyramids are shown, as well as from Sumer and Mohenjo-daro in Pakstan.
It is true, according to modern archeology, this is around the time when the
Early Dynastic Period of Egypt starts, with the unification of the upper and lower Egypt. Also around this date we have the start of the
Indus Valley Civilization which has Mohenjo-daro as a major site. There are indications of the beginning of the
Minoan Civilization in Crete. Some indications of the coming of the
Cuneiform writing system in Sumer as well. And also, marks the start of the Bronze Age.
But this 13 bʼakʼtun also brought some significant upheaval, Wikipedia says that in the
33rd century BC the world experienced:
33rd century BC (3300 BC to 3201 BC)
* Major climate shift possibly due to shift in solar activity. Glaciers expand, covering plants; atmospheric temperatures fall
* Sahara changes from a habitable region into a barren desert
There is another interesting connection: Venus, which the Maya worshipped along with other Mesoamerican civilizations, is connected to the 13 bʼakʼtun, as the 3114 BC date
"could be possibly related to the birth of Venus."
Looking at the article by Pierre,
"The Seven Destructive Earth Passes of Comet Venus." We find that he proposes 5,200 BP (3,200 BC) as the date of the first of the seven passes. An appearance that must have brought a temperature drop as reflected in the GISP2 ice core and in dendrochronology thanks to Baillie.
This then connects everything, the Mayan start of the 13 bʼakʼtun, the fall of civilizations as described by Pierre, in the middle of one of the coldest and dryest periods since the last ice age, and the rise of "new" and important civilizations that marked the start of the Bronze Age. Linked together to the first of the passes of Venus.
Another interesting connection, Pierre quotes Velikovsky in the same article:
"[...] the natives of pre-Columbian Mexico expected a new catastrophe at the end of every period of fifty-two years and congregated to await the event. "When the night of this ceremony arrived, all the people were seized with fear and waited in anxiety for what might take place." They were afraid that "it will be the end of the human race and that the darkness of the night may become permanent: the sun may not rise anymore." They watched for the appearance of the planet Venus, and when, on the feared day, no catastrophe occurred, the people of Maya rejoiced.
They brought human sacrifices and offered the hearts of prisoners whose chests they opened with knives of flint. On that night, when the fifty-two-year period ended, a great bonfire announced to the fearful crowds that a new period of grace had been granted and a new Venus cycle started.
The period of fifty-two years, regarded by the ancient Mexicans as the interval between two world catastrophes, was definitely related by them to the planet Venus; and this period of Venus was observed by both the Mayas and the Aztecs.
The old Mexican custom of sacrificing to the Morning Star survived in human sacrifices by the Skidi Pawnee of Nebraska in years when the Morning Star "appeared especially bright, or in years when there was a comet in the sky.
- Velikovsky, Worlds in Collision, pp.155-156 "
And another quote by Pierre on Velikovsky:
The fiftieth year was a jubilee year [...] The festival of the jubilee, with the return of land to its original owners and the release of slaves, bears the character of an atonement, and its proclamation on the Day of Atonement emphasizes this still further. Was there any special reason why fear returned every fifty years? [...] On the Day of Atonement the Israelites used to send a scapegoat to "Azazel" in the desert.[...] It was also called Azzael, Azza, or Uzza. [...] The Arab name of the planet Venus is al-Uzza.
- Velikovsky, Worlds in Collision, p. 154
It is then very interesting that Maya had a 52 year calendar
called a “Calendar Round.”