The political purpose of Newspeak is to
eliminate the expression of the shades of meaning inherent in ambiguity and nuance from Oldspeak (Standard English). In order to reduce the language's function of communication, Newspeak uses concepts of simple construction, such as pleasure vs. pain and happiness vs. sadness. Additionally,
goodthink and
crimethink linguistically reinforce the State's
totalitarian dominance of the people of
Oceania. The Party's long-term goal with regard to the new language is for every member of the Party and society, except the Proles—the working-class of Oceania—to exclusively communicate in Newspeak, by A.D. 2050.
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In Newspeak, English root words function as both nouns and verbs, which reduce the vocabulary available for the speaker to communicate meaning. For example,
think is both a noun and a verb, thus, the word
thought is not functionally required to communicate the concepts of
thought in Newspeak and therefore is not in the Newspeak vocabulary.
As personal communication, Newspeak is to be spoken in
staccato rhythm, using words that are short and easy to pronounce. The Party intends to make speech physically automatic and intellectually unconscious in order to diminish the possibility of
critical thought occurring to the speaker. English words of comparative and superlative meanings and irregular spellings were simplified into regular spellings; thus,
better becomes
gooder and
best becomes
goodest. The prefixes
plus- and
doubleplus- are used for emphasis (for example,
pluscold meaning "very cold" and
doublepluscold meaning "extremely cold"). Adjectives are formed by adding the suffix
–ful to a root-word, e.g.
goodthinkful means "Orthodox in thought."; while adverbs are formed by adding the suffix
–wise, e.g.
goodthinkwise means "In an orthodox manner".