Northern & Southern Lights (aurora borealis/australis)

[Gaby]

June 25, 1903- The Elbert County Tribune, Image 7

“The Black Aurora Borealis”


This report was reprinted in several American papers but there is no location mentioned. Because it states “English observer,” it sounds like it comes from somewhere in (rural) England.

I then did a general search and found a reprinted report originally from the Fall River Patriot (Massachusetts) on Sep. 10th, 1839. It seems to be mistitled.

October 02, 1839- The North-Carolina Standard, Image 4

“A Black Meteor”


The short definition of ‘black aurora’ from WordSense Dictionary:

And notice how in these black auroras, according to those who studied it at ESA:

"data show that the black aurora occurs where there are holes in the ionosphere(*), the part of the upper atmosphere where aurorae are created. Here, the particles that make up the ionosphere are shooting upwards into space inside regions known as positively charged electric potential structures."

Protons are positively charged. Could there be a correlation of high proton influx, making all the electrons raining down to switch directions as they're attracted to these positively charged electrical potential structures in the ionosphere's hole?

Pierre said in the Borrelis comet thread:

Very interesting analysis. Did the electric nature of this comet contribute to the weakening of the Turtle Mountain? I think it's possible but we might never for sure. Comet Borrelli almost certainly affected the Solar activity, how else could we explain a very strong geomagnetic storm during a Solar minimum:



The strong earthquake that you found:



might be due to the influence of comet Borelli on Solar activity since there's a clear correlation between high Solar proton density reaching Earth and strong earthquakes:

On the correlation between solar activity and large earthquakes worldwide - Scientific Reports

The concluding sentences of the paper are:

In conclusion, the analysis of the 1996–2016 worldwide earthquake catalogue shows a significant correlation with the measured proton density in the same period. Such correlation is described by a larger probability for earthquakes to occur during time windows 24 h long just after a peak period (meant as a period spent over a certain threshold) in proton density due to solar activity. This kind of correlation between worldwide seismicity and solar activity has been checked also with other variables linked to solar activity, including proton velocity, dynamical pressure of protons, proton flux, and proton density. However, a significant correlation can be only observed with proton flux, besides proton density. The correlation is anyway much sharper using simple proton density, so evidencing that this is the really influent variable to determine correlation with earthquake occurrence. This correlation is shown to be statistically highly significant. The high significance of the observed correlation is also strengthened by the observation that, increasing the threshold magnitude of the earthquake catalogue, the correlation peak becomes progressively larger.

As I said here, we're seeing high proton energy reaching Earth, not necessarily because the Sun cycle is super powerful, but because the magnetic field is weaker. "Opening up" and intense cometary discharge activity in the sun might explain more than one phenomenon, including these black auroras.