Sol (Sun) and its phenomena

SOLAR ACTIVITY REPORT

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GLANCING BLOW POSSIBLE TODAY: NOAA forecasters say that a CME might deliver a glancing blow to Earth's magnetic field later today, March 19th. The storm cloud was launched 3 days ago by an erupting filament of magnetism on the sun. This is a low confidence forecast; the CME might miss. Minor G1-class geomagnetic storms are possible if/when the CME arrives.
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SOLAR ACTIVITY REPORT

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RIPPLES FROM A NEARBY CME: NOAA's DSCOVR spacecraft may have detected a CME passing close to Earth today, March 20th. The evidence (more of a hint actually) consists of some ripples of magnetism and an uptick in solar wind density. This is not enough to cause a geomagnetic storm
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AURORA PAREIDOLIA: Eyewitnesses are still marveling at the geomagnetic storm of March 13th when a CME impact sparked bright auroras over northern Europe. "It was an all-mighty display--one of the best I've ever seen," says Sebastian Sainio of Helsingby, Finland. During the storm he experienced an episode of aurora pareidolia:
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Pareidolia is the human tendency to see familiar shapes in random patterns. [In this case a raven ]
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SOLAR ACTIVITY REPORT

▪︎Sunspots increase to 50
▪︎Filament eruption
▪︎Eruption in the back side of the sun
▪︎Several faint CMEs

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YET ANOTHER GLANCING-BLOW CME: Another CME is heading for Earth, and it's a little off target. A glancing blow (or near miss) is possible during the late hours of March 23rd, according to NOAA forecasters. This will be the 3rd time in the past week that a CME has almost landed a direct hit. Even a near miss can produce bright Arctic auroras. Best case scenario for auroraphiles: A minor G1-class geomagnetic storm.
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SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT

▪︎Sunspots decrease to 45
▪︎Solar wind at 300 km/s
▪︎Huge and fast CME off the SE limb
▪︎A large prominence eruption on the northeast limb
▪︎Equatorial coronal hole that will send a fast stream of solar wind to earth in the coming days.

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CME off the SE limb is responsible for the current Polar Cap X-Ray Absorption event. It was also associated with a Type II Radio burst.

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SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT

▪︎High speed coronal wind could hit earth.
▪︎Newly assigned sunspot group: Active Region 2975
▪︎Solar flare C8.1 around AR2975
▪︎Wind speed now 502.4 km/sec
▪︎Density 7.14 protons/cm3

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BIG SUNSPOT. new sunspot group is emerging over the sun's northeastern limb. It is crackling with C-class solar flares and could soon pose a threat for stronger M-flares. With a primary dark core twice as large as Earth, the sunspot is an easy target for backyard solar telescopes.
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The Thermosphere Climate Index (TCI) is going up rapidly right now.
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TCI is a number published daily by NASA, which tells us how hot Earth's upper atmosphere is. The thermosphere, the very highest layer of gas, literally touches space and is a sort of "first responder" to solar activity.
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If this trend continues, the thermosphere could soon hit a 20-year high in temperature. This does not mean Earth is about to heat up.
Nevertheless, the thermosphere is important. When it heats up, as it is doing now, it also puffs up
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The thermosphere can expand upward so much it actually touches Earth-orbiting satellites. Almost 40 Starlink satellites fell out of the sky earlier this year as a result of aerodynamic drag up there.
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SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT

▪︎Solar wind speed: 440 km/sec
▪︎Density: 5.8 protons/cm3
▪︎M1.5 flare from AR2974 biggest flare on Solar cycle 25
▪︎Minor R1 radio blackout. X Ray absortion over southeast Asia
▪︎44 sunspots today

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M-CLASS SOLAR FLARE: Earlier today (March 25th @ 0526 UT) Earth-orbiting satellites detected an M1-class solar flare from sunspot AR2974: movie. The flare caused a minor shortwave radio blackout over southeast Asia and may have hurled a CME toward Earth.
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SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT

▪︎Solar wind speed: 400.5 km/sec
▪︎Density: 5.9 protons/cm3
▪︎50 sunspots today. Spotless Days: 0
▪︎Three visible Active Regions AR2074, AR2975 y AR2976
▪︎Sunspot complex AR2975-2976 is crackling with C-class solar flares.
▪︎Solar Tsunami 25 Mar 22
▪︎A small prominence on the NE limb a good candidate for eruption

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SOLAR TSUNAMI AND CME (UPDATED): Sunspot AR2974 exploded yesterday (March 25th @ 0526 UT), producing an M1-class solar flare. The explosion also sent a shadowy shock wave rippling through the sun's atmosphere--i.e., a "solar tsunami." Watch the movie. Newly arriving data from SOHO confirm that the explosion did hurl a full-halo CME toward Earth. NOAA forecasters anticipate G1-class geomagnetic storms when it arrives on March 27th.
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Saw this on Sputniknews. Emphasis theirs.


Scientists Spot New Types of Solar Waves That 'Defy Explanation'​


Mar. 26, 2022

Conventional astronomy does not possess the tools to allow scientists to explore the interior of the Sun, so researchers largely rely on interpreting surface activity to know more about it.

Researchers from New York University in Abu Dhabi have discovered a new type of high-frequency acoustic waves in the Sun that seem to travel much faster than predicted by theory - something that seems to be defying explanations.

The study, led by Research Associate Chris S. Hanson of NYU Abu Dhabi, has assembled 25 years' worth of space- and ground-based data to detect the waves. They are high-frequency retrograde waves that appear to move at three times the speed envisaged by current theories.

The scientific team detected a pattern of vortices on the surface of the Sun that showed an antisymmetry between the north and south poles. Additionally, the vortices were moving against the solar rotation.

The findings could help scientists to connect more dots in our understanding of the stars, along with the nature of magnetism, gravity and convection, as any of these three phenomena could drive the speed of the newly-discovered waves.

"If the HFR waves could be attributed to any of these three processes, then the finding would have answered some open questions we still have about the Sun", said Hanson. "However, these new waves don't appear to be a result of these processes, and that's exciting because it leads to a whole new set of questions".

Through the use of the solar waves, including the newly-discovered ones, scientists can learn more about the Sun and its impact on Earth and other planets in our solar system. The new findings even hint at the possibility of a new area of physics to be explored.

"The very existence of HFR modes and their origin is a true mystery and may allude to exciting physics at play", said Shravan Hanasoge, a co-author of the paper. "It has the potential to shed insight on the otherwise unobservable interior of the Sun".
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SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT

▪︎Solar wind speed: 484.6 km/sec
▪︎Density: 7.0 protons/cm3
▪︎48 sunspots today. Spotless Days: 0
▪︎Significant sunspot group coming next week
▪︎Possible minor G1 class storm today

HELIOSEISMIC SUNSPOT ALERT: Researchers who use helioseismology to monitor the farside of the sun have detected echoes from a potentially significant sunspot group. It's right here. The active region, whatever it is, will rotate into view early next week.
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GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH (G1-CLASS): A CME is heading for Earth. Minor G1-class storms are possible when the storm cloud arrives on March 27-28
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The CME is faint, but it is moving fast (959 km/s) squarely inside the Earth strike zone.
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...the CME will miss Venus on March 27th before hitting Earth around 0 hours UT on March 28th. For observers in North America, this means the geomagnetic storm could begin after local nightfall on Sunday, March 27th.
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