Since I’m currently reading Dabrowski’s “Personality Shaping Through Positive Disintegration”, I’d like to share some thoughts on how his theory may relate to G.’s Little I’s.
So Dabrowski’s idea is that in the course of normal life, we usually find ourselves in a mode of “primary integration”, which means that we possess a unified identity based on our primitive drives such as self-preservation, the fighting instinct etc., but – interestingly - also our instincts related to the survival of the species such as procreation or our obligations to our kin and community. Now this state of “primary integration” is, of course, purely mechanical, as G. would say – it is a result of our instinctive drives and our social environment, including our upbringing.
I think what is important to understand is that when Dabrowski talks about our unified identity at this stage, this doesn’t mean that we have a unified “I”, but rather certain likes and dislikes, certain instinctive drives that are stronger than others etc. – we only
think we have a unified “I”, a real identity. I imagine this fictional “I” that we think we have at this stage as G.’s Deputy Steward who has been degraded to a figurehead – he sits in his office without any power whatsoever, but fails to notice this and instead daydreams of a real kingdom where he actually has the power to run the house.
In Dabrowski's words:
Personality Shaping Through Positive Disintegration said:
A man whose self-awareness is dormant and who, therefore, is incapable of observing himself, and of reflection, does not feel any contradiction either in his own behavior or in its motives. Everything appears natural to him and as a matter of course. He commits acts which contradict each other but he is unaware of their divergence and, in this situation, does not aim at harmonizing them;
Now if we reach the level of what Dabrowski calls “secondary integration”, we have to go through a process of disintegration before, which means that our false identity that we daydreamed ourselves into fades away, the instinctive drives start loosening their power – in other words, the kingdom of little I’s (aka. instinctive drives) comes under the power of higher ideals, which leads to us becoming a real personality, as Dabrowski calls it.
What I find interesting is that Dabrowski makes the point that we don’t just abandon our instinctive drives and their manifestations (aka. little I’s), but that we subjugate them, we use them according to our newly found higher ideals. He says:
The greater our experience in life, the greater our sensitivity; the more intensive and thorough our elaboration of experiences, the clearer our ideal of personality; and the more we are apt to sacrifice, to subordinate our instinctive needs in favor of personality, the stronger is our disposition to the attitude of courage and heroism.
This is the process of becoming aware of the distinctness of the new structure which emerges from the former one, wherein the active, directing part is played by the separating structure, which is conscious of being spiritual, suprainstinctive, and realizing that the evolutionally lower qualities must be subordinated to the nascent, or an already more clearly visible ideal, and reshaped to serve it.
The daily separation of our true self from that which does not belong to it but may only serve us as material for the building of our personality, separation of lasting values from fleeting values and appearance from reality, is the function of this method.
So once again, we have the theme here that it's not about hating or stopping our little I's/instinctive drives, which is impossible anyway, but to use them in the right way, to achieve something in line with one's aim, to override the internal chaos - which is driven exclusively by instinctive drives - with higher values. An I think that a lot of creativity is needed to "pull this off" - indeed, the Work doesn't seem to be a difficult recipe that we just have to follow, but involves coming up with creative ways to handle our psyche, based on a lot of data from self-observation and external feedback.
Eventually then, this happens:
Personality Shaping Through Positive Disintegration said:
A long experience in new conditions of life, with the modifying system of the inner milieu, results in differentiation of stimulating and inhibiting acts. That which stimulated differentiates into that which further stimulates and that which gives rise to inhibition; that which was inhibited becomes uninhibited and may form a stimulating factor.
So eventually, we learn how to manage our "primitive drives" and their many manifestations, how to strengthen the ones in accordance with our aims and to weaken the ones opposed to them.
I hope this isn't too convoluted... so fwiw.