Laura said:I think we don't need to be rushed about it. I think Keit checked all the Hebrew sources so let's see what she says when she is online.
While I was searching online Lisa posted additional links that were quite useful, because I was becoming quite perplexed, since the locations in the news reports weren't even near the location of Shikma reservoir. So here what I was able to come up with:
This article from Ma'an News Agency says the following:
_https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/8834-israel-opens-dam-flooding-gaza-strip-with-rainwater
According to Israel's Yedioth Ahronoth newspaper, the rainfall led to a lot of excess water which couldn't drain away, so "the Israeli authorities resorted to discharging the excess water into the Gaza Strip."
I checked the Hebrew version of Ynet, and it doesn't have anything beside what was already said about Shikma reservoir. But Yedioth Achronot is a printed edition, and sometimes they have articles or news that aren't mentioned on their site. And it's unfortunate, because we can't check exactly what was written in the original text.
Now, the same source says this:
Israel has opened the Wadi Sofa Dam east of Rafah in the southern Gaza Strip, flooding dozens of houses and leaving hundreds of people homeless.[...]
Another link says this:
Lisa Guliani said:The refugee camp of Jebaliya in northern Gaza and Nafak Street in Gaza City's Sheik Radwan neighborhood, close to a rainwater reservoir, were among the hardest-hit areas.
Next, check out this map (hope you'll see the link correctly - just copy the superlong link)
_http://he.mapatlas.org/%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%92%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%92%D7%A8_%D7%A9%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%94/1156/%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%AA__%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9D
On this map, we can see that Shikma reservoir is located to the North of Gaza strip (above it) - it's the reservoir near the blue map marker thingy. I was also able to find two videos, that show how the river and the reservoir get overflowed. In the first video look at 1.27 minute. It shows first the photo and then video of the water overflowing the open reservoir.
_http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2aMrbnuz-iw
The second shows the intensity of the flow.
_http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PJd3NCcMx6c
In both cases the videos show how the water reaches the Mediterranean sea. So, for now we can say that the flooding probably didn't originate from Shikma river. Or at least, Palestinian sources talk about completely different location - the one from the east.
And this is when Lisa's link to "Water and Peace" book became very helpful.
_http://books.google.com/books?id=k2KZLlJ90LgC&pg=PA253&lpg=PA253&dq=are+there+dams+east+of+gaza+strip&source=bl&ots=-XtYIZr8mL&sig=y_dntguPJf2ld17ECDRxGgJ3nAg&hl=en&sa=X&ei=77WsUt7oIMrooASQu4DICg&ved=0CEoQ6AEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=are%20there%20dams%20east%20of%20gaza%20strip&f=false
After some searching, I was able to figure out, that Wadi Gaza is called Bsor Wadi or Bsor river in Hebrew. And it indeed originates on the Israeli side, and then crosses into the Gaza strip from the East and ends in the Mediterranean sea. It also has several reservoirs as shown on this picture:
But then it gets interesting. First read the "Water and Peace" excerpt where it says that Wadi Gaza flows during the winter season and that it was blocked by Israel. While Israeli sources (in Hebrew)
_http://www.kkl.org.il/forestsearch/besor_stream.aspx
_http://www.inature.info/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A8
say that this river has water all year and that it reaches the sea. According to the source, this area was declared a nature reserve in 2000 by the Palestinian authorities, but since Hamas came to power they aren't sure if it's still true.
Also, they say that since the 60's there were attempts to utilize the water and build a dam, but due to the size of the catchment area and the large amount of floods those attempts were never successful (the dam didn't hold). But they were able to come up with another solution and construct pipes (probably those are "wells" the author of "Water and Peace" is talking about) on the bottom and along the river that suck out the water.
They also mention that river bed suffers from high contamination due to the toxic waste that was dumped in the river (starting from the 80's) by the neighboring factories. Supposedly they aren't dumping it anymore, but the ground water is still contaminated to some degree. That's what I was able to find for now.
As for having an idea if it was intentional or not, I don't know. But after reading about those reservoirs, the explanation that it was due to heavy rains sounds more plausible. The sewage waters reaching Gaza also fits with the idea that Wadi Gaza (Bsor Wadi) isn't blocked by a dam, but that the flow was intensified by floods. But maybe I am missing something. Maybe it will become clearer with more info.