Sol (Sun) and its phenomena

[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE ACTIVITY REPORT JULY 28

Solar activity has been at low levels for the past 24 hours. The largest solar event of the period was a C4 event observed at 18:54 UTC on July 27th on the southeast limb.

QUIET SUN: Solar activity is low. Multiple sunspot groups have decayed since yesterday, leaving the sun with no explosive active regions. NOAA forecasters say there is no more than a 1% chance of strong solar flares on July 28th. SpaceWeather.com

https://twitter.com/x/status/1552327904431857664

https://twitter.com/x/status/1552465217904381952

https://twitter.com/x/status/1552582591781523456

AR3059 is gone but 5 regions remain AR3062, AR3065, AR3066, AR3067 and a new region AR3068

AR3068 is a sunspot located on the southeast limb (S15E64) with size 40MH and a alfa magnetic field.

The total number of sunspots has decreased to 53 as we lose regions over the west limb. Plage AR3065 will be gone in the next few hours

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 514 km/s at 21:31 UTC on July 27th

Current Conditions at 13:42 UTC July 28

▪︎Geospace quiet
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=1
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 395.3 km/sec
▪︎density: 7.93 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: 0.5% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 53 (SN 78 Jul 27)
▪︎There are no significant coronal holes on the Earthside of the sun.

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[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE ACTIVITY REPORT JULY 29

Well, it looks like the sun went on summer vacation. Solar activity has been at very low levels for the past 24 hours. No significant flares yesterday.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1552837952589467649

There are currently 3 numbered sunspot regions on the disk AR3062, AR3066, AR3068

A SUNSPOT OF INTEREST: New sunspot AR3068 near the sun's southeastern limb is still small, but it is growing rapidly, tripling in size since yesterday. It merits watching as a possible source of near-future activity. SpaceWeather.com

The total number of sunspots has decreased to 50 as we lose regions.Solar activity is expected to be very low with a slight chance for a C-class flare

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet level for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 461 km/s at 03:57 UTC on July 28th

Current Conditions at 14:00 UTC July 29

▪︎Geospace quiet
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=1
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 377.3 km/sec
▪︎density: 4.49 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: 0.5% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 50 (SN 53 Jul 28)
▪︎Solar wind flowing from a southern coronal hole could reach Earth on Aug 2-4.

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[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE ACTIVITY REPORT JULY 30

Solar activity has been at low levels for the past 24 hours. The largest solar event of the period was a C4 event observed at 04:33 UTC on July 29th from Region disk AR3068 (S15E45)

https://twitter.com/x/status/1553148751799353345

https://twitter.com/x/status/1553338713597509633

https://twitter.com/x/status/1553183637742444545

https://twitter.com/x/status/1553341360123568128

There are currently 3 numbered sunspot regions on the disk AR3062, AR3068 but region AR3066 is now a Plage (bright patches surrounding sunspots that are best seen in H-alpha)

The total number of sunspots has decreased to 40. Solar activity is expected to be very low with a slight chance for a C-class flare mainly from the region AR3068

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 394 km/s at 02:38 UTC on July 29th

Current Conditions at 12:40 UTC July 30

▪︎Geospace quiet
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=1
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 350.4 km/sec
▪︎density: 13.61 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +0.3% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 40 (SN 50 Jul 29)
▪︎Solar wind flowing from a southern coronal hole could reach Earth on Aug 2-4.

▪︎Earth Magnetic poles

The most recent survey determined that the north Pole is moving approximately north-northwest at 55 km per year.
Based on the current WMM model, the 2020 location of the north magnetic pole is 86.50°N and 164.04°E and the south magnetic pole is 64.07°S and 135.88°E.
The locations of the poles (1590-2025) from the latest IGRF are available for download here: North Pole, South Pole.

Magnetic North Pole 1840–2019

www.esa.int

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Wandering of magnetic poles

 

[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT JULY 31

Solar activity has been at very low levels for the past 24 hours. The largest solar event of the period was a CME on the other side of the sun.

FARSIDE SOLAR ACTIVITY: The Earthside of the sun is quiet. That could soon change. Yesterday, an explosion just behind the sun's southeastern limb hurled a magnificent CME into space, heralding the approach of a new active region. It could emerge into view early this week

A coronal mass ejection (CME) was observed around 2:24 UT on July 30, erupting in the south (down) direction of the Sun. It is a partial halo CME with a spread angle of over 200 degrees, but no change was observed on the solar surface, and the source seems to be on the other side of the Sun in the southern hemisphere. It is not heading toward the earth. DeepL translation

https://twitter.com/x/status/1553340027265880064

CME on the west limb

https://twitter.com/x/status/1553714025040515072

There are currently 3 numbered sunspot regions on the disk AR3062, AR3068 and new region AR3069 which is a tiny sunspot localized southwest (S18W29) less than 5MH in size with an alpha magnetic field. It poses no threat of major solar flares. AR3062 is going to leave the solar disk in the next hours but there are potential regions on east limb.

The total number of sunspots has decreased to 27. Solar activity is expected to be very low in the next 72 hours

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 373 km/s at 18:04 UTC on July 30th

Current Conditions at 14:00 UTC July 31

▪︎Geospace quiet
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=1
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 404 km/sec
▪︎density: 15.99 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +0.5% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 27 (SN 40 Jul 30)
▪︎Solar wind flowing from a southern coronal hole could reach Earth on Aug 2-4.

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[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT AUG 01

Solar activity has been at very low levels for the past 24 hours. The largest solar event of the period was a C9.2-class solar flare off the Sun's eastern limb Probably not Earth-directed.

SOMETHING FLARE-Y THIS WAY COMES: Something just exploded behind the sun's northeastern limb. On July 31st at 2309 UT, Earth-orbiting satellites registered a long-lasting C9.3-class solar flare; the intensity is probably an underestimate because it was partially eclipsed by the edge of the sun. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) saw hot debris flying away from the blast site. Earth is not in the line of fire. The explosion is significant because it may herald an active region set to emerge over the sun's northeastern limb later this week. A new sunspot group could bring an end to weeks of relative quiet

https://twitter.com/x/status/1553912459496460289

There are currently 3 numbered sunspot regions on the disk:

AR3062 will be gone in the next hours, AR3068 still represents a possibility of C-class flares.
AR3069 is a plage
AR3070 is a new region with two sunspot localized northeast (N15E55) with size 10MH beta magnetic field. It poses no threat of major solar flares.

The total number of sunspots has increased to 39. Solar activity is expected to be very low in the next 48 hours

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet to active levels for the past 24 hours. Active geomagnetic conditions Kp =4 Threshold Reached at 16:01 on July 31st

Current Conditions at 14:00 UTC August 01

▪︎Geospace quiet
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=2
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 440.8 km/sec
▪︎density: 5.73 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +1.5% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 39 (SN 27 Jul 31)
▪︎Solar wind flowing from a southern coronal hole could reach Earth on Aug 2-4.

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[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT AUG 02

Solar activity has been at low levels for the past 24 hours.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1554281084153634816

https://twitter.com/x/status/1554283720936509441

Only AR3068 remains on the solar disk and a new sunspot is emerging on the southeast limb

https://twitter.com/x/status/1554400736649383936

AR3067, AR3066, AR3069 and AR3070 are now H-alpha plages

The total number of sunspots has decreased to 32. Solar activity is expected to be very low in the next 24 hours

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 509.6 km/sec at 13:06 UTC on August 02

SLIGHT CHANCE OF STORMS: NOAA forecasters say there is a slight chance of minor G1-class geomagnetic storms today as Earth enters a high-speed stream of solar wind. The gaseous material is flowiing from a southern hole in the sun's atmosphere. SpaceWeather.com

Current Conditions at 14:23 UTC August 02

▪︎Geospace quiet
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=2
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 494.6 km/sec
▪︎density: 11.39 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +2.2% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 32 (SN 39 Aug 01)
▪︎Solar wind flowing from a southern coronal hole could reach Earth on Aug 2-4.

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[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE ACTIVITY REPORT AUG 05

Solar activity has been at very low levels for the past 24 hours.The most relevant activity occurred in the AR3068 region, which produced a C6.9 flare.on August 03

https://twitter.com/x/status/1554980013119655937

https://twitter.com/x/status/1555381199920660480

There are currently 5 numbered sunspot regions on the disk. AR3068, AR3071, AR3072, and two new regions

AR3073 is a region with three sunspots on the southwest (S35W40) with size 40MH beta magnetic field. It poses no threat of major solar flares.

AR3074 is a sunspot on the southeast (S19E75) with size 120MH and alfa magnetic field. It poses no threat of major solar flares

The total number of sunspots has increased to 52. Solar activity is expected to be very low in the next 48 hours

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 518 km/s at 21:53 UTC on Aug. 03 Total IMF reached 6 nT at 04:30 UTC on Aug 04

Current Conditions at 16:00 UTC August 05

▪︎Geospace quiet
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=1
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 407.7 km/sec
▪︎density: 4.39 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +2.3% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 52 (SN 37 Aug 01)
▪︎Solar wind flowing from a equatorial coronal hole should reach Earth on August 8-9

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[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT AUG 06

Solar activity has been at very low levels for the past 24 hours The largest solar event of the period was a C5 event observed at 06:07 from Region 3073 (S35W45) on Aug 05.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1555750473990283264

Filament eruption on the southeast

https://twitter.com/x/status/1555746036999766021

Sundiving comet approaches the sun

https://twitter.com/x/status/1555749530469015552

https://twitter.com/x/status/1555899307169136641

There are currently 5 numbered sunspot regions on the disk. AR3068, AR3071, AR3072, AR3073, AR3074

The total number of sunspots has increased to 69. Solar activity is expected to be very low in the next 48 hours

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 433 km/s at 22:20 UTC on Aug 04

Current Conditions at 13:50 UTC August 06

▪︎Geospace quiet
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=1
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 334.4 km/sec
▪︎density: 10.65 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +3.1% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 69 (SN 52 Aug 05)
▪︎Solar wind flowing from a equatorial coronal hole should reach Earth on August 8-9

https://twitter.com/x/status/1555761883856216064

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[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT AUG 07

Solar activity has been at very low levels for the past 24 hours. All the action is happening on the far side side of the sun.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1556099694262210560

There are currently 5 numbered sunspot regions on the disk. AR3068, AR3071, AR3072, AR3073, AR3074 In the next few hours three regions will leave the solar disk: 3068, 3072 and 3073. No new regions, however, a large sunspot is approaching in the northeast limb.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1556103164872491008

Total sunspot number remains stable: 69. Solar activity is expected to be very low in the next 48 hours

Sundiving Comet did not survive its encounter with the Sun

https://twitter.com/x/status/1556220466594996226

The doomed comet was almost certaintly a "Kreutz sungrazer," a fragment from a giant comet that broke apart many centuries ago. A swarm of these fragments orbits the sun, and every day at least one gets too close and disintegrates. Most, measuring less than a few meters across, are too small to see, but occasionally a big one like today's attracts attention. via SpaceWeather Time Machine

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 404 km/s at 22:26 UTC on Aug 06. Active geomagnetic conditions (Kp4) Threshold Reached: 12:00 UTC on Aug 07

Current Conditions at 13:10 UTC August 07

▪︎Geospace unsettled
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=4
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 418.3km/sec
▪︎density: 16.21 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +3.1% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 69 (SN 69 Aug 06)
▪︎Solar wind flowing from a equatorial coronal hole has arrived.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1556227291180666880

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[Puma]

Geomagnetic Storm in progress

Geomagnetic storm G1 (Kp=5) threshold reached at 22:22 UTC on August 07, then at 23:59 UTC intensified to a moderate G2 geomagnetic storm (Kp=6).

The storms were due to a high-speed solar wind stream now passing the Earth. Visible auroras will be possible at higher latitudes.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1556447948665458688

Current Conditions at 02:00 UTC August 08

▪︎Geospace unsettled
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=5
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 619.9 km/sec
▪︎density: 16.61 protons/cm3

 

[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT AUG 08

Solar activity has been at very low levels for the past 24 hours on Sun's facing side to Earth but not on the far side. The largest solar event of the period was a C1.19 event observed at 22:30 UTC from Region 3072 (S23W81) on Aug 07.

Several CME's are observed that miss the earth, the one on the northeast side was in the hidden part of the sun.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1556450056571846656

Second filament eruption on the southeast

https://twitter.com/x/status/1556478574462472193

There are currently 7 numbered sunspot regions on the disk: AR3068, AR3071, AR3072, AR3073, AR3074, AR3075, AR3076

AR3075 is a new region with three sunspots, currently located on the northeast (N21E40) with size 20MH and a beta magnetic field.

AR3076 is a new sunspots, currently located on the northeast (N16E55) with size 110MH and a alfa magnetic field.

All of these sunspots have stable magnetic fields that pose little immediate threat for strong flares

The total number of sunspots has increased to 87 however, solar activity is expected to be very low in the next 24 hours

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet to storm levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 619 km/s at 02:00 UTC August 08. The geomagnetic storm was expected to occur around August 09.

SURPRISE GEOMAGNETIC STORM: A solar wind stream hit Earth on August 7th. At first, the stream's velocity was low, but during the day it sped up to more than 600 km/s, ultimately causing a moderately strong G2-class geomagnetic storm. This event was not in the forecast. Although the storm is subsiding now, it could flare up again on August 8th as the solar wind continues to blow SpaceWeather.com

Current Conditions at 14:30 UTC August 08

▪︎Geospace unsettled
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=4
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 570.6km/sec
▪︎density: 10.5 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +2.3% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 87 (SN 69 Aug 07)
▪︎Earth is inside a stream of solar wind.

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[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT AUG 09

Solar activity has been at low levels for the past 24 hours.

Solar North Pole Eruption

The filamentary eruption seen on August 8 is a coronal mass ejection (CME), as captured by SOHO/LASCO, which erupts north (up) (white border). It is not directed toward the earth.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1556976138710175745

https://twitter.com/x/status/1556803957992849410

There are currently 5 numbered sunspot regions on the disk: AR3071, AR3073, AR3074, AR3075, AR3076 we have lost 2 regions and in the few hours AR3073 will be gone. All of these sunspots have stable magnetic fields that pose little immediate threat for strong flares

The total number of sunspots has decreased to 63 solar activity is expected to be very low in the next 48 hours.

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at unsettled levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 669 km/s at 02:17 UTC on Aug 08

Current Conditions at 14:20 UTC August 09

▪︎Geospace unsettled
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=4
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 585.5km/sec
▪︎density: 8.04 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +1.9% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 63 (SN 87 Aug 08)
▪︎Earth is inside a stream of solar wind.

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[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT AUG 10

The sun continues on summer vacation¡ Solar activity has been at very low levels for the past 24 hours, no significant flares in the last two days and is expected to continue this way in the next 48 hours.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1557178472052805633

There are currently 4 numbered sunspot regions on the disk: AR3071, AR3074, AR3076 and new region AR3077 All of these sunspots have stable magnetic fields that pose little immediate threat for strong flares. We have three tiny plages on the north hemisphere.

AR3077 It is a complex of 4 sunspots located in the southwest (S17W16) with a beta magnetic field and a size of 40MH.

The total number of sunspots has decreased to 58 due to the departure of three active regions from the solar disk

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at unsettled to quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 632 km/s at 10:56 UTC on Aug 09

Current Conditions at 15:00 UTC August 10

▪︎Geospace quiet
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=2
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 581.8 km/sec
▪︎density: 10.25 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +0.9% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 58 (SN 65 Aug 09)
▪︎Earth is inside a stream of solar wind and the planetary index may change to Kp=4 in the next few hours.

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[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT AUG 11

Solar activity has been at very low levels for the past 24 hours, no significant flares in the last three days

https://twitter.com/x/status/1557555186700271617

There are currently 5 numbered sunspot regions on the disk: AR3071, AR3074, AR3076, AR3077 and new region AR3078

AR3078 Is a sunspot located in the southeast (S27E45) with a alfa magnetic field and a size of 50MH.

All of these sunspots have stable magnetic fields no threat for strong flares. The total number of sunspots has increased to 60

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at unsettled to quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 623 km/s at 15:00 UTC on Aug 10

Current Conditions at 15:25 UTC August 11

▪︎Geospace quiet
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=3
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 544.6 km/sec
▪︎density: 9.17 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +0.3% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 60 (SN 58 Aug 09)
▪︎Earth is inside a stream of solar wind however planetary index is expected to remain Kp=3

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[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT AUG 12

The sun finally raised its hand to tell us "I'm here." Solar activity has been at low levels for the past 24 hours, however, there were three C flares in the past 24 hours. The largest a C2.1 occurred at 10:00 UTC on August 12 from AR3077 (S16W42). Unfortunately it was not well captured by SDO. The rest of the sun’s activity were flares at the B class level. Building for something bigger?

There are not M- or X-class flares since the M1.1 and M1.4 flares on July 16; C-class flares are frequent, but before today's solar flare C1.16 a C1.7 occurred almost a werk ago on August 6.

A coronal jet explodes away from the Sun on the northeast.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1557947738037297152

Magnetic loop erupts on the northeast

https://twitter.com/x/status/1558025052163133441

https://twitter.com/x/status/1558064621587779585

There are currently 7 numbered sunspot regions on the disk: AR3071, AR3074, AR3076, AR3077, AR3078 and two new regions AR3079 and AR3080

AR3079 Is a group of six sunspots located on the southwest (S11W07) with a beta magnetic field and a size of 30 Millionths of a hemisphere

AR3080 Is a group of two sunspots located on the northwest (N21W30) with a beta magnetic field and a size of 20MH

All of these sunspots have stable magnetic fields no threat for strong flares M or X. The total number of sunspots has decreased to 58

▪︎Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet to active levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 589 km/s at 05:04 UTC on Aug 11. Active geomagnetic conditions (Kp= 4) at 16:05 UTC

Current Conditions at 15:16 UTC August 12

▪︎Geospace quiet
▪︎Geomagnetic conditions now KP=3
▪︎Solar wind speed record: 560.4 km/sec
▪︎density: 14.2 protons/cm3
▪︎Neutron Counts today: +0.7% Elevated
▪︎Sunspot number: 58 (SN 60 Aug 11)
▪︎Solar wind flowiing from this long equatorial coronal hole should reach Eath on August 18-19.

https://twitter.com/x/status/1558061402681757696

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