Protocols of the Pathocrats
I read a lot of Marx in college (in the US) because when I left Greece at the time there was a strong very pro-Soviet communist movement and a lot of people were trying to get me to join the party. IMO all of Marx's criticisms of capitalism were correct. For someone born and raised in a capitalist culture Marx would be superb reading in the same way that understanding paganism would be enlightening to a Christian.
Now mind you, it's been many many years since I ever touched anything written by the man so I only have impressions, and am not qualified for in-depth philosphical discourse. However, my impression of reading Marx is combined with many conversations with people who have studied Marx that lived all their lives in former communist countries. These were both pro and anti-communists.
When I read Marx, I agreed with his views on historic inevitability (if I remember it correctly), but not where that inevitability must lead. I'd like to note that neo-cons also borrow elements from Marxist philosphy. In essence, however, both his understanding of social evolution (to a degree) and his critique on capitalism was sound to me. Yet, Marx was a 19th century materialist, locked in a mechanical paradigm projected on his view of humanity. Things started grating, therefore, when I tried to understand what he had to propose as a solution. I looked at it this way, I looked at it that way, and any way I looked at it it amounted to a human version of a termite society. Everything was in terms of work, workers, productivity.
I agree with Lobaczewski regarding Marx's psychopathy in the sense that no feeling human could propose such a society. That does not mean Marx was not a profound thinker. In the end, however, it was that: a sound mental product that was not coherent with human nature.
Now pro-communists living in the Eastern block claimed that their system was not Marxism at all, but a transition phase, kind of like the excuse dictators give when they overthrow monarchies. These dictators claim they are but a transition to democracy, a transition that never seems to end. So Marx's abstractions inspired revolutions, with the aim of industrial worker-utopias that never went beyond the totalitarian "transition".
Then there are the stories around who funded Marx: Zionist bankers. I have no links to provide, but I am sure that internet searches would be fruitful here. Marx as an individual who only related to the human condition in the abstract, and proposed a system incoherent with human nature. If he was a mathematician plotting coordinate points it would be one thing, but he was trying to map out a rigid social system that only a psychopath or at least someone completely divorced from human reality could think up.
Interestingly enough, his family considered him a good and compassionate man. In any case, thinking Marxism and realistically imagining people living that way are two different things IMO. Personally, I believe in balanced Anarchy, in the sense of total lack of social authority (the original philosophical version). Anarchy is not possible for OP's and one would need a society of evolved or mature individualized people to apply it.
Instead of authority, you may have management or social coordination, but no rulers per se. Morals or the sense of right and fairness would be an outflow from the individual to society and hence reflected back again. The only law would be the law of empathy, and from there people could self-oganize with respect to each other accordingly. Human technical knowledge and awareness could bring society to the point where the actual need for work was minimized without taxing the environment. Materially, free energy, automation, environmentally compatible technology would render human society more oriented toward creative play.
Such societial "utopias" have been viewed as self-destructive by both the captilism and communism, which are worker/production based. Anyway, I digress.
Marx himself IMO set up no pathocracy. He simply provided the intellectual background for pathocracies. He was funded by pathocrats, and he set up an abstract system that pathocrats could manipulate accordingly. Christianity, for example, had to be manipulated and altered to become a pathocratic religion, while Marxism was applied to a certain point. The story of the Russian revolution is a story of Zionist pathocrats competing for power until the non-Zionist Stalin took over. Lenin was only the first of these.
The only contribution Marx made IMO was as a counterpoint to capitalism. His thought combined with capitalism revealed the whole of the pathocratic mechanistic worker/production coin. Understanding the coin allows people to throw it away instead of being ping-ponged back and forth through polarized mirror images.
And yes, one needs a mental filter to study Marx, Freud, Nietzsche, Heidegger and the rest of late 19th and early to mid 20th century European philosphy and psychology. It almost is presented as anathema in intellectual circles to pick and choose points out of these views and weave them together into something new.
Personally, I believe many of these thinkers projected their inner turmoil as some kind of truth. I also believe that many of us in the west are educationally conditioned (certainly not true of the younger generation, which has no clue of such matters), to value these gurus of philosophic, psychological and political thought as the life-blood of our culture.
This might generate a bit of discomfort when combining their names with the word "psychopath", and rightly so. Yet, to me, to understand the congruence between the psychopathic concept (in Lobatczewski's terms) and these icons of western culture can constitute the resolution of the paradox of western culture and historic process, resulting in an epiphany similar to the Zen Satori experience.
It is a deep question IMO because it juxtaposes the "brilliance" of European thought, and the dark reality of European history (regarding the last century and a half). So I agree with DonaldJHunt in part. In other words, let us take the brilliance of the abstraction in one hand and place it side by side with the darkness of application on the other.
In my view, the westerner must not be sympathetic to these thinkers because that bias usually exists. They are "authorities" in fact. They know what they are talking about, but is what they are talking about worth applying? Freudian thought never really healed anyone, Neitzche inspired Nazism, Heidegger was a Nazi, the existentialists promoted a form of nihilism etc.
IMO western philosphic thought of this period is an elaborate mosaic of intellectual symmetries that are wonderful journies of the mind, but inapplicable when you consider the whole of human nature.
And so I add two more cents to the pot.