The image of this world is transient. Everything changes. Before our eyes, these changes sap the foundations of the ancient order. Technical development marches on at an accelerated rhythm, and nobody knows how to slow or stop it. New sources of almost unlimited energy, and the automation of industrial production, modify or are just about to modify all aspects of life and of human society. Taking account of this fact, it is not too far fetched to say that in the not too distant future the struggle for existence, this great regulator of human life, will be no more than a matter of historical record. As soon as he is born, man will be provided with all he will need. What is luxury today will be given freely tomorrow.
Such a perspective can be joyful; it can also be terribly frightening. The necessity of earning his daily bread, which has occupied man until now, and has automatically restrained his ferocious instincts, will be abolished. What will he do then, free from the fatigue of his daily work? We can already constate that an increase of crime coincides with the general reduction in working hours. The yearly holidays are marked by an increased number of accidents, and by a loosening of morals. Such signs must encourage us to reflect. Can we better occupy 'freed' man by reorganizing his leisure time? Such men will soon be fed up with having four or even five Sundays a week, and with automation, one can foresee that four to six hours per day, two days a week, will be all that will be needed.
How will he be able to equilibrate his social life when this safety valve—the imperious necessity of earning one's bread—will be superseded? One cannot say. No basic concept seems to exist on this subject, and no serious proposals to solve this problem have yet been formulated by the people responsible for industrial, social and political life. Yet it is clear that the constraint exerted on man by nature, meaning by the divine Will, cannot be replaced by some human constraint such as policing. We must search for the solution of the problem on a higher plane.
Let us condense the question. One of the first consequences of the widespread application of automation in production will be the proportional weakening of the political and social power of money. Why do people today still seek to win money? Money represents an equivalent of human labour; it permits the acquisition of the fruits of this labour without any effort. If we can obtain the same results by automation with-out, or almost without, the intervention of human work, money will progressively lose its buying power. The progress of technology will guarantee an easy life, and the almost unlimited satisfaction of his material needs, to every infant as soon as he is born.
Under these conditions, we can say that humanity is undoubtedly reaching the most important turning point in its history. If money loses its purchasing power, it will inevitably loose its political and social power as well. The real power is held in the world today by a minority who possess money - capitalism - or who administer money - communism.
With automation, the rivalry between capitalism and communism will lose its meaning day by day. Deprived of its object, the great controversy of today will tomorrow be left behind without ever being solved. The question is: who will form the ruling elite of the new era? In other words, by what new force will money be replaced?