Volcanoes Erupting All Over

Moderate Explosion Of The #Popocatepetl #Volcano.
📷From Matías Tlalancaleca-Puebla


At 2:16 am an explosion of #Popocatépetl was recorded. It was heard in nearby towns and even in Puebla where doors and windows were shaken by the shockwave.

Although clouds covered the volcano, you can see the glow and seismic record.

yellow 2
safety radius 12 km

Light spike flashing on right side of Popocatépetl volcano last night. No explanation from authorities.

 

Villarrica volcano (Central Chile): strombolian activity remains elevated​


The activity at the volcano continues to be elevated.
An increased strombolian-type explosion took place from the summit vent over the last night with glowing ejecta thrown at an approximate distance of 400 meters off the crater.
The Volcanic Alert Level remains at Yellow with 500 meters exclusion zone around the main crater in place.
Source: Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería de Chile volcano activity update 27 December 2022
 
Canary Islands, outside of W Africa, Spain
27 Jan 2023

An earthquake swarm appears among the Canary Islands, between Tenerife and Gran Canaria.

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German Vulkane.net writes following:

Since noon today, there have been more than 30 tremors between the Canary Islands of Tenerife and Gran Canaria. Not counted are microquakes with magnitudes smaller than 1.5. The strongest tremor reached M 2.6 and had a hypocentre at a depth of 39 km. The epicentre was located 37 km east of Granadilla de Abona. The earthquake region is seismically preloaded, as comparable swarm earthquakes have often occurred there in recent years. A fault zone runs along the seabed, but there is also a submarine volcano named Enmedio. It cannot be ruled out that the quakes are related to magma uplift. The depth of the earthquake foci would suggest this.

END OF ARTICLE

Enmedio Volcano, Canary Islands

In order to connect to the earthquake swarm between islands of Tenerife and Gran Canaria today/yesterday, i found more information about the submarine volcano Enmedio, whose text is also coming from the site Vulkane.net - which writes following:

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The submarine volcano Enmedio belongs to the Canary archipelago and lies between the islands of Tenerife and Gran Canaria. Here the Atlantic Ocean is 2100 metres deep and forms the Anaga-Agaete channel between the islands. The base of Enmedio measures almost 3 km in diameter and is described in the literature as being particularly large. It is said to cover the area of 539 football fields. That would be 418 hectares or 4.18 square kilometres. Compared to Etna's base area of 1750 square kilometres, this is admittedly small.

Exploration of the Enmedio volcano is difficult and in its infancy. What is known is that it has a steep topography and that the summit of the submarine volcano is at a depth of 1630 metres. The volcano building is 470 m high. The distance to Tenerife is 25.47 km. The distance to Gran Canaria is 36.2 km. 500 m southwest of Enmedio are 2 volcanic cones lower than 100 m.

SEISMIC ACTIVITY AT ENMEDIO

It is unknown when the submarine volcano last erupted. What is known is that there are repeated swarm earthquakes, which are probably related to the volcano's hydrothermal system. However, there are also strong individual earthquakes, such as the one in 1989, which had a magnitude of 5.0 and was felt on Tenerife and Gran Canaria. On 19 March 2022, an earthquake of magnitude 3.2 manifested itself, followed by numerous aftershocks. Some of the earthquakes may also be associated with a 35 km fault zone that runs in the vicinity of the volcano.

EFFECTS OF A SUBMARINE ERUPTION

Although the volcano otherwise shows no signs of awakening, the earthquakes could be interpreted as such. Due to the depth of the Atlantic Ocean, it is practically impossible to feel the pulse of the volcano and determine other geophysical parameters. A volcanic eruption would hardly have any effect on the water surface. Water discolouration and turbulence are to be feared. There could be fish mortality due to increased water temperatures and gas/fluid input. It is known from other underwater volcanoes that they can also eject large quantities of pumice, which then floats on the water surface and forms pumice stone carpets. These endanger shipping, which would be particularly problematic for ferry traffic between the Canary Islands.
 

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Erta Alé, Ethiopia
28 Jan 2023

An eruption has occurred at the Erta Alé Volcano in Ethiopia.

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Photos by Ayuba Ahmed • 28 Jan 2023

German Vulkane.net reported following in their latest article:


Rupture in the north crater of Erta Alé volcano confirmed

This morning I reported on the unusually high heat radiation emanating from the Ethiopian volcano Erta Alé and presented 3 scenarios, of which scenario b) has now been confirmed. This was confirmed twice: first, a new Sentinel satellite image was published, which shows in the infrared spectrum that the heat radiation emanates from the North Crater, whose entire floor radiates heat. Then came the second confirmation in the form of photos shared in our FB group. Lava can be seen gushing from a new vent on the crater floor. A low hornito has already formed around the vent. The rate of production must have been relatively high, especially at the beginning of the eruption, because the flat crater floor was quickly flooded with lava and filled up by several metres. The eruption is reminiscent of the eruption in Halema'uma'u crater in Hawaii.

It is very likely that this lava lake is still a secondary or dammed lava lake that does not yet have circulation, but it is not impossible that a second permanent lava lake will develop from this. But it is more likely that it will remain a dammed lava lake. As you can see from the photos, the crater rim is not very high. I would estimate it at 15 m. If the activity lasts several days, the crater could fill up and the lava could overflow. It is then quite possible that it will flow towards the south crater and fill it up further.

The only thing missing now is that other volcanoes in the Afar Triangle will also erupt. Erta Alé is only one of several shield volcanoes in the region. The whole structure reminds me a little of a mid-ocean ridge, a comparison that is not quite as far-fetched as it might seem at first glance: in the Afar Triangle, the divergent East African Rift Valley opens up to the Red Sea. Only a higher sill separates the sea from the rift. During my first stay in the region, I found corals that testify to the fact that the Afar Triangle had already been flooded by the sea.


END OF ARTICLE


Location of the Volcano
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East Epi, Vanuatu
31 Jan 2023

Also German Vulkane.net had an article about the underwater volcano located east of the island of Epi in Vanuatu. Here is the report:


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East Epi underwater volcano erupts off the east coast of Epi

A few hours ago, the East Epi underwater volcano erupted in the South Sea archipelago of Vanuatu. It is located about 7 kilometres off the east coast of Epi Island. Images show the ash vapour cloud of a Surtseyan eruption rising several hundred metres high. WAAC Wellington issued a VONA warning at 6.30pm Zulu time last night but was unable to satellite the eruption cloud. The message states that the eruption cloud has already disappeared. However, this does not necessarily mean that the eruption is already over. It could also be the prelude to a longer-lasting volcanic eruption.

No signs of an imminent underwater eruption have been reported. The last Sentinel satellite photo was taken on 30 January, one day before the eruption. Water discolouration is not visible there. However, there was a strong earthquake Mw 7.0 on 08 January on the island of Espiritu Santo, 200 km away. It is not impossible that the quake triggered the volcanic eruption.


The underwater volcano is not only located off the east coast of Epi, but also at the same time about 14 km off the south coast of Lopevi. This volcano has been showing signs of an imminent eruption for some time and has been set to warning level "2" by the VGO. In their weekly bulletin on Lopevi, they write of great volcanic unrest with steam emissions and volcanically induced earthquakes.


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(Above) Seismogram at Ambrym Volcano [I think]

It is also interesting to note that the summit of the Ambrym caldera is only about 50 km from the submarine volcano. Ambrym is known for its lava lakes in the Marum, Benbow and Niri Mbwelesu craters, which were last permanently active in 2018. In March last year, it briefly looked as if the volcano would reawaken, but it did not make it to a prolonged eruption. The day before yesterday, I saw a series of seismic signals on the seismogram to Ambrym and thought "whoops, something's happening". Today you see similar signals and at a time when the submarine eruption was happening. It is quite possible that the vibrations from the eruption reached the seismometers on Ambrym.

Tsunami warning
The Fiji Seismological Institute issued a tsunami warning because of the submarine eruption. A particularly great danger is posed not only by powerful explosions whose pressure waves could trigger tsunamis, but especially by submarine landslide events should the volcanic edifice destabilise.


END OF ARTICLE
 
Etna, Sicily
1 Feb 2023

More about Etna, which has been active with lava streams for many weeks now. Beautiful images made by "Etna Walk", and the article comes from German Vulkane.net, which wrote following (below images).

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Lava flow on Etna remains active

The lava flow on Etna is still active, but its intensity fluctuates significantly. Yesterday at noon, hardly any thermal signal could be seen on the livecam, but the lava output increased again in the afternoon, so that the INGV issued a new activity warning. On the whole, however, the activity has remained as we know it from the last few weeks: Lava flows from a vent at 2830 m altitude and reaches the steep slope of the Valle del Bove in spurts. In the best winter weather, the red lava contrasts with the white snow, creating very atmospheric night shots.


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Data on the Etna eruption

The analysis of satellite data shows the INGV scientists that the production rate reached a maximum value of 1.9 cubic metres per second on 30 January. A total of about 5,990,000 cubic metres of lava had been produced by this date.


[Now that sounds a lot in numbers, but putting the number in a converter, in order to see how this relates to km3 instead; the result i got was "only" 0.00599 Cubic kilometers (km3)]

Between 28 November 2022 and 29 January 2023, so much lava was produced that it covered an area of 0.93 square kilometres. The longest lava flow was 1920 metres long.

The INGV's new weekly bulletin also attests to the volcano's weak infrasound activity and sporadic ash eruptions from the New Southeast Crater. There, red-hot vents and thermal anomalies at fumaroles were detected in some places.

The tremor was at a medium level during the observation period 23-29 January. The tremor source was located in a region between 2400 and 2800 metres above sea level and lies below the base of the southeast crater cone. The tremor originates from the magma body feeding the lava flow. It probably intruded in spring 2022, a few weeks before the first lava flow erupted. The intrusion was accompanied by a swarm quake. This was also the last major swarm earthquake on Etna since then. No significant ground deformation was observed during the observation period. However, there is always a weak inflow of magma that is reflected in long-term inflation and weak ground uplift.


END OF ARTICLE
 
Oops OH..S#*T..The Sign of the Times

Screenshot 2023-02-02 at 18-49-29 Cecilia Sykala (@CeciliaSykala) _ Twitter.png

Volcanoes and the Last Ice Age...🧐


Screenshot 2023-02-02 at 18-32-13 VolcanoDiscovery on Twitter.png

Screenshot 2023-02-02 at 18-37-03 AllQuakes - EMSC on Twitter.png

Screenshot 2023-02-02 at 18-35-10 AllQuakes - EMSC (@EMSC) _ Twitter.png
 
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