_http://www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/discussions/hpcdiscussions.php?disc=pmdspd
Sat Jan 04 2014 - 12Z Mon Jan 06 2014
...Record breaking cold expected from the Northern Plains eastward into
the Great Lakes/Ohio Valley...
...The next winter storm will bring heavy snow to the Middle
Mississippi/Ohio Valleys and Lower Great Lakes on Sunday...
...Icy conditions are possible over the Deep South and northeastern tier
of the country...
The upper pattern across the nation will continue to be dominated by arctic intrusions bringing reinforcing shots of cold air to the country. Forecast models remain consistent in carrying the polar vortex into the
northern tier of the U.S. while carrying it eastward in time. Many locations may see their temperature readings drop to near record values. By Sunday, afternoon temperatures across the Northern Plains/Upper Midwest may linger in the negative 10s/20s with lows plummeting that night to near -30 Fahrenheit. The broad pressure gradient setting up over the region will allow gusty winds to persist which will lower wind chill temperatures to very dangerous levels. Incredibly, it may feel as cold as -50 to -60 on Sunday night over sections of the north-central states with the frigid air remaining in place into early next week. As the vortex shifts eastward, the polar air will begin to affect the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley with temperatures plummeting rapidly. While the air mass will modify, temperatures will remain downright cold with the forecast high in Chicago, IL being only -11 on Monday.
A strong frontal boundary surging eastward ahead of the polar air mass will become rather active as it intercepts increasing amounts of low-level moisture. A broad area of moderate to heavy snow will be possible from southern Missouri northeastward into the Ohio Valley and Lower Great Lakes region. The WPC winter weather desk suggests this area can expect anywhere from 6 to 10 inches of snow through early Monday with lighter amounts surrounding this region. Given the cold air currently in place over much
of the eastern third of the country, there may be issues for freezing rain during the next couple of days. This will be particularly true from the Deep South northeastward along the Appalachians and into the interior New England. The cold air at the surface will initially be stubborn to scour out. The residual warm layer above this sub-freezing surface will lead to periods of freezing drizzle/rain with an eventual changeover to rain.
A wet period is expected across south Florida as moisture return commences during the period. A frontal boundary south of Cuba is forecast to quickly lift northward toward the Florida Keys which will begin spreading moderate to heavy rainfall to the region. Locations further north across Florida should expect much drier conditions as the frontal lift does not work its way northward along the peninsula.
Elsewhere, with the exception of some orographically enhanced snow showers across the Northern Central Rockies, the western states can expect tranquil weather through early Monday.
_http://spaceweather.com/
Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.
On Jan. 3, 2014, the network reported 27 fireballs.
(14 sporadics, 13 Quadrantids)
SMALL ASTEROID HITS EARTH: Newly-discovered asteroid 2014 AA hit Earth's atmosphere on Jan. 2nd. The space rock, about the size of a small car, disintegrated over the Atlantic Ocean about 3,000 km east of Caracas, Venezuela. Infrasound records interpreted by Peter Brown of the University of Western Ontario suggest an impact energy between 500 and 1,000 tons of TNT. That's a lot of dynamite; nevertheless, in cosmic terms this was a relatively minor impact that did no damage to our planet. [more]
GIANT SUNSPOT: Sunspot AR1944, which appeared on January 1st, is one of the largest sunspots of the current solar cycle. It's so big, people are noticing it as a naked-eye blemish on the solar disk.
Although the sunspot has been relatively quiet and stable since it first appeared on New Year's Day, a region of this size has the potential to produce significant activity. Indeed, NOAA forecasters, who say they are keeping a close eye on this behemoth, estimate a 75% chance of M-flares and a 30% chance of X-flares on Jan. 4th. Solar flare alerts: text, voice.
GREEN VORTEX OVER SWEDEN: For the second day in a row, a solar wind stream is buffeting Earth's magnetic field, sparking intermittant geomagnetic storms and auroras around the Arctic Circle. Last night, Northern Lights tour guide Chad Blakley photographed a luminous green vortex over Sweden's Abisko National Park:
NOAA forecasters estimate a 20% chance of more polar geomagnetic storms on Jan. 4th as the solar wind continues to blow. Aurora alerts: text, voice.
All Sky Fireball Network
Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.
On Jan. 3, 2014, the network reported 27 fireballs.
(14 sporadics, 13 Quadrantids)
In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies]
On Jan. 2, 2014, the network reported 6 fireballs.
(6 sporadics)
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.
On January 4, 2014 there were 1448 potentially hazardous asteroids.
Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters: Asteroid Date(UT) Miss Distance Size
2011 YD29 Dec 28 6.1 LD 24 m
2014 AA Jan 2 0.001 LD 3 m
2013 YL2 Jan 3 3.6 LD 101 m
2013 YM48 Jan 6 8.8 LD 32 m
2013 YV102 Jan 7 6.7 LD 34 m
2007 SJ Jan 21 18.9 LD 1.9 km
2012 BX34 Jan 28 9.6 LD 13 m
2006 DP14 Feb 10 6.2 LD 730 m
2000 EM26 Feb 18 8.8 LD 195 m
2000 EE14 Mar 6 64.6 LD 1.8 km
Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.