Hundreds dead after Chile earthquake
Officials say more than 300 killed in 8.8-magnitiude quake and warn death toll expected to rise
Jonathan Franklin in Santiago, Adam Gabbatt and agencies
guardian.co.uk, Sunday 28 February 2010 11.09 GMT
A collapsed motorway near Santiago after a huge earthquake hit Chile, killing more than 300 people.
Photograph: David Lillo/AP
More than 300 people have been killed after a huge earthquake struck Chile yesterday, destroying tens of thousands of homes and sparking fears of a tsunami in the Pacific.
Pacific nations have been bracing themselves for a tsunami following the 8.8-magnitude quake – with waves reaching Japan, Russia and Pacific islands – although the damage has so far been small.
The Chilean authorities said the official death toll in the country was 214, but they believed the true number was
more than 300 and would increase.
"We think the real [death] figure tops 300 ... we believe this will continue to grow," Carmen Fernandez, the head of the National Emergency Agency, said.
Fernandez said
1.5 million Chileans were affected by the disaster, with 500,000 homes severely damaged.
The country's president, Michelle Bachelet, who leaves office on 11 March, declared a "state of catastrophe" in central Chile.
"It was a catastrophe of devastating consequences," she said.
Gordon Brown said Britain stands ready to help, while Barack Obama promised that the US will be there if Chile asks for aid – a sentiment echoed by leaders around the world.
Bachelet said yesterday that the country had not asked for help, and the Chilean ambassador to the UK said it was prepared to manage on its own.
In Japan, hundreds of thousands of people were evacuated from shorelines after the Pacific Tsunami Warning Centre issued alerts, but the waves were smaller than expected and did not cause significant damage.
Fears that Pacific island countries, such as Hawaii and Tonga, where nine people died when the Samoa tsunami struck last September, could be devastated proved unfounded, with early warnings enabling tens of thousands of people to flee to high ground.
The warning centre has since lifted its warnings for all countries except Russia and Japan. Officials said the centre had overstated its predictions of a tsunami threat.
"We expected the waves to be bigger in Hawaii – maybe about 50% bigger than they actually were," Gerard Fryer, a geophysicist at the centre, said. "We'll be looking at that."
The National Disaster Office in Tonga said waves of up to 6.5ft (2m) had hit a small northern island, but there were no indications of any damage.
A 6.5ft wave also hit New Zealand's Chatham Islands early today, officials said.
The full extent of the quake damage in Chile remains unclear, with dozens of aftershocks continuing to ripple across the nation.
In Concepción – Chile's second largest city, 70 miles from the epicentre – nurses and residents pushed the injured through the streets on stretchers.
Survivors wrapped in blankets walked around in a daze, some carrying children in their arms. A 15-storey building collapsed, leaving only a few floors intact.
"I was on the eighth floor and all of a sudden I was down here," Fernando Abarzua, who escaped from the wreckage, said.
He said a relative was still trapped in the rubble six hours after the quake, "but he keeps shouting, saying he's OK", he said.
Chilean state television reported that 209 inmates had escaped from a prison in the city of Chillan after a fire broke out, while the president-elect, Sebastien Pinera, reported seeing some looting while flying over damaged areas.
He vowed
"to fight with maximum energy looting attempts that I saw with my own eyes".
The earthquake was the strongest to hit Chile in 50 years and one of the strongest ever measured. The quake shook buildings in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and was felt as far away as São Paulo, in Brazil – 1,800 miles to the east.
The historic town centre of Talca, just 65 miles from the epicentre, largely collapsed. The weakest buildings, made of mud and straw, were mostly commercial premises and were not inhabited at the time. Neighbours pulled at least five people from the rubble.
Robert Williams, a geophysicist at the US Geological Survey, said
the Chilean quake was hundreds of times more powerful than the earthquake which devastated Haiti last month, although it was far deeper underground, and appears to have claimed far fewer lives.
The largest earthquake ever recorded struck the same area of Chile on 22 May 1960. The 9.5-magnitude quake killed 1,655 people and made 2 million homeless.
Yesterday's earthquake matched a 1906 quake off the Ecuadorean coast as the seventh-strongest ever recorded.