Sol (Sun) and its phenomena

[Wandering Star]

It remenber to me "om" simbol altmost complete.

 

[MK Scarlett]

I hadn't noticed it in the previous photo of the coronal hole.

Today December 30...there is undoubtedly a number 30 in the Sun.


View attachment 88661

30? Not 35? Or not yet?

 

[Ca.]

Today December 30...there is undoubtedly a number 30 in the Sun.

The sun released a huge prominence eruption at 8:30 UTC today. It came from an erupting filament near the southeast limb (edge). It quickly expanded into a massive structure longer than 200 Earths lined up, or about 800,000 miles (1.3 million kilometers)!https://t.co/dVTIcoTvEg pic.twitter.com/EsAjzKbzUG

— EarthSky (@earthskyscience) December 30, 2023

Dark Farside Regions Come with Aurora & Meteors for New Year | Space Weather News 30 December 2023

Did you know that Earth got hit by one of the most energetic particles ever detected by human technology?

A single cosmic ray, dubbed the Amaterasu Particle, hit Earth with an unprecedented energy level of 224 exa-electron volts. This mysterious particle, named after the… pic.twitter.com/wUze63cmXe

— Museum of Science (@museumofscience) December 29, 2023

Notable quake, preliminary info: M 6.5 - 162 km WSW of Abepura, Indonesia https://t.co/hHU3X1n0ce

— USGS Earthquakes (@USGS_Quakes) December 30, 2023

Meanwhile:

🚨Breaking News🚨

Rioting has broken out in Camberwell, SE London.
It's unclear if the catalyst is Ethiopian vs Eritrean unrest or inter-factional Eritrean violence.

However, riot police are in attendance with ambulances. pic.twitter.com/rO1XTfIAx6

— David Atherton (@DaveAtherton20) December 30, 2023

 

[msasa79]

Did you know that Earth got hit by one of the most energetic particles ever detected by human technology?

A single cosmic ray, dubbed the Amaterasu Particle, hit Earth with an unprecedented energy level of 224 exa-electron volts. This mysterious particle, named after the… pic.twitter.com/wUze63cmXe

— Museum of Science (@museumofscience) December 29, 2023

Notable quake, preliminary info: M 6.5 - 162 km WSW of Abepura, Indonesia https://t.co/hHU3X1n0ce

— USGS Earthquakes (@USGS_Quakes) December 30, 2023

Meanwhile:

🚨Breaking News🚨

Rioting has broken out in Camberwell, SE London.
It's unclear if the catalyst is Ethiopian vs Eritrean unrest or inter-factional Eritrean violence.

However, riot police are in attendance with ambulances. pic.twitter.com/rO1XTfIAx6

— David Atherton (@DaveAtherton20) December 30, 2023

This extra-high-energy cosmic ray was detected in May 2021, and the discovery paper published in November 2023, thus almost certainly not related to current or recent events in the Solar system including on our Mother Earth. FWIW.

'Goddess particle': Earth slammed by ultra-powerful cosmic ray, and we have no idea where it came from -- Sott.net

Researchers have detected one of the most powerful cosmic rays ever seen slamming into Earth — but they have no idea what caused it or where it came from. The extremely energetic particle, which has been named after a Japanese goddess, arrived...

www.sott.net

 

[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT DECEMBER 31_2023

Solar activity has been at low levels for the past 24 hours. The largest solar event of the period was a C5 event observed at 05:20 UTC​

FILAMENT ERUPTION LEADS TO 2_-RIBBON FLARE: Watch the dark filament running from the bottom left to upper right. It starts to rise and erupts away from the Sun. In its aftermath two bright channels appear either side of the original filament - they slowly spread wider. pic.twitter.com/kaOA5eC8lz

— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) December 31, 2023

There are currently 4 sunspot regions on the solar disk: AR3530, AR3531, AR3533, AR3534

SLOWLY EVOLVING SUNSPOT REGION: Sunspot region AR3534 in the SE part of the Sun has been steadily changing over the last few days. Note how the large spot in the middle has been collecting other spots to grow. The leading spots seem to be spinning, a potential flare indicator. pic.twitter.com/GDtB6EVtEo

— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) December 30, 2023

TRY, TRY AGAIN: For two days now, sunspots have been trying to emerge in the NW part of the Sun. Note the number of small spots that appear and disappear in this area. At last, they break through, and this new sunspot region forms quickly, in contrast to the previous post! pic.twitter.com/gxY9QlGNwk

— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) December 30, 2023

AR3529 & AR3535 are gone

Total number of sunspots has decreased to 48 (21 of these are grouped into 4 active regions) NOAA forecasts for the next 24h: 95% chance for C flares, 15% chance M flares and 1% chance for X flares. All regions have stable magnetic fields.​

● Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels (Kp1) for the past 24 hours. On December 30th solar wind speed reached a peak of 451 km/sec (Elevated speed) at 21:45 UTC. Total IMF reached 11 nT at 23:31 UTC​

Aurora Oval Bz: -0.78 nT South

● Current Conditions at 04:17 UTC on December 31th

▪︎ Geospace quiet (Kp 0)
▪ Solar wind speed record: 427 km/sec (Elevated speed)
▪︎ density: 3.03 p/cm³ (low density)
▪︎ Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF)
Bt: 7.17 nT
▪︎ Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 19.93x1010 W Warm
▪︎ Neutron Counts today: - 5.4 % (Low)
▪︎ X-ray Solar Flare: C4 0313 UT Dec31
▪︎ Sunspot number: 48 (SN 93 December 30)
▪︎ Spotless Days 2023 total: 0 days (0%)
• Solar wind flowing from a coronal hole should reach Earth on Jan 1-2 2024.
.........
SpaceWeatherlive.com
SpaceWeather.com

 

[Puma]

WE END 2023 WITH A CLASS X FLARE

MAJOR X-CLASS SOLAR FLARE: Mere hours after emerging over the sun's eastern limb on Dec. 31st, big sunspot AR3536 erupted, producing a major X5-class solar flare. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) recorded the extreme ultraviolet flash:​

​

This is the strongest flare of Solar Cycle 25 (so far) and the most powerful eruption the sun has produced since the great storms of Sept. 2017.

Radiation from the flare has caused a deep shortwave radio blackout over the Pacific Ocean: blackout map. Ham radio operators may notice loss of signal at all frequencies below 30 MHz for more than 60 minutes after the flare's peak (2155 UT).
​

The explosion also caused a solar tsunami. The blast wave can be seen in this animation from SDO:

​

Solar tsunamis are closely linked to CMEs. Indeed, newly-arriving images from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) show a CME emerging from the blast site.

Normally we would expect a CME leaving the sun's extreme-eastern limb to have no Earth-directed component. This case might be different. The tsunami curls around the sun's limb toward our planet, suggesting we might be in the strike zone after all.

Spaceweather.com Time Machine

 

[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT JANUARY 01_2023

Solar activity has been at high levels for the past 24 hours. Two significant events were recorded, the first was an M1 class flare observed at 1912 UTC from the new Region 3536 (N05E75) which caused a minor R1 radio blackout over the mid-Pacific Ocean.


The second occurred a little more than two hours later in the same region which produced an X5 flare, the largest of the 25th cycle. (See previous post)

The X5.0 solar flare from sunspot region 3536 is the strongest solar flare since Sep. 2017. The resulting coronal mass ejection is impressive but based on the latest LASCO imagery and the location of the eruption, unlikely to impact Earth. pic.twitter.com/EUJQWbBrO3

— SpaceWeatherLive (@_SpaceWeather_) January 1, 2024

I am fortunate to end year 2023 with this spectacular X5.0 (not X4.8, sorry for the typo) event. The global coronal wave is quite impressive as captured in this video. I presume there was a big CME (coronagraph data not available yet at this moment.) pic.twitter.com/DDTvGRnxch

— Halo CME (@halocme) December 31, 2023

There are currently 4 sunspot regions on the solar disk: AR3531, AR3533, AR3534 and new region AR3536

AR3530 is gone

Total number of sunspots has increased to 55 (15 of these are grouped into 4 active regions) NOAA forecasts for the next 24h: 95% chance for C flares, 15% chance M flares and 1% chance for X flares. All regions have stable magnetic fields.

AR 3536 had produced a number of C-class flares and now a X-class flare
​

● Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels (Kp1) for the past 24 hours. On December 31th solar wind speed reached a peak of 481 km/sec (Elevated speed) at 01:23 UTC. Total IMF reached 8 nT at 05:38 UTC​

GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH (G1): 2024 could begin with a geomagnetic storm. NOAA forecasters say that minor G1-class storms are possible on Jan. 1st when a co-rotating interaction region (CIR) is expected to hit Earth's magnetic field. CIRs are transition zones between fast- and slow-moving solar wind streams. They contain CME-like shock waves that do a good job sparking Arctic auroras. SpaceWeather.com​

Aurora Oval Bz: -2.82 nT South

● Current Conditions at 04:10 UTC on January 01st

▪︎ Geospace quiet (Kp 0)
▪ Solar wind speed record: 306 km/sec (Normal speed)
▪︎ density: 4:79 p/cm³ (low density)
▪︎ Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF)
Bt: 4:16 nT
▪︎ Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 19.93x1010 W Warm
▪︎ Neutron Counts today: - 5.4 % (Low)
▪︎ X-ray Solar Flare: X5 2155 UT Dec31
▪︎ Sunspot number: 55 (SN 48 December 31)
▪︎ Spotless Days 2023 total: 0 days (0%)
• Solar wind flowing from a coronal hole should reach Earth on Jan 1-2 2024.

.........
SpaceWeatherlive.com
SpaceWeather.com

 

[Antony]

WE END 2023 WITH A CLASS X FLARE

MAJOR X-CLASS SOLAR FLARE: Mere hours after emerging over the sun's eastern limb on Dec. 31st, big sunspot AR3536 erupted, producing a major X5-class solar flare. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) recorded the extreme ultraviolet flash:​

​

This is the strongest flare of Solar Cycle 25 (so far) and the most powerful eruption the sun has produced since the great storms of Sept. 2017.

Radiation from the flare has caused a deep shortwave radio blackout over the Pacific Ocean: blackout map. Ham radio operators may notice loss of signal at all frequencies below 30 MHz for more than 60 minutes after the flare's peak (2155 UT).
View attachment 88772​

The explosion also caused a solar tsunami. The blast wave can be seen in this animation from SDO:

​

Solar tsunamis are closely linked to CMEs. Indeed, newly-arriving images from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) show a CME emerging from the blast site.

Normally we would expect a CME leaving the sun's extreme-eastern limb to have no Earth-directed component. This case might be different. The tsunami curls around the sun's limb toward our planet, suggesting we might be in the strike zone after all.

Spaceweather.com Time Machine

On New Year's Eve, the largest solar flare since 2017 occurred. The registration of the record was reported on the website of the Laboratory of Solar Astronomy of the IKI RAS and the ISSF SB RAS.

In the world catalogs, which are maintained according to London time, the outbreak was attributed to 2023, although in most of Russia it was recorded as early as 2024. The explosion occurred in a certain area due to the fact that magnetic and electrical energy accumulated in the corona of the star due to the movement of sunspots.

"This area was on the far side of the Sun yesterday, and only today it appeared in the field of view of the Earth. For this reason, such a powerful explosion was completely unexpected, since it was previously impossible to observe the processes taking place here. It is possible that before reaching the visible side, the region has already produced several large explosions on the reverse side, which remained hidden from terrestrial instruments," the laboratory suggested. If the guess turns out to be correct, then the series of explosions may continue, and the inhabitants of the Earth will see them in the first days of January.

It is noted that the outbreak can be called an "event of exceptional strength", since the power in the current solar cycle exceeds previous records by half. She was previously awarded a score of X5.0 (the previous record, recorded on December 14, 2023, was X2.8).

Scientists stressed that the influence of this phenomenon on our planet is completely excluded, since it happened at a great distance from the Sun-Earth line, on the eastern edge of the star. "The main impact was the streams of high-power hard X-ray radiation that had already come to Earth and were absorbed by the upper layers of the atmosphere. No other impacts are expected, and the previously issued favorable geomagnetic forecast for the entire period of the New Year holidays remains in force," they promised.

Крупнейшую с 2017 года вспышку на Солнце зарегистрировали в новогоднюю ночь

В новогоднюю ночь практически одновременно с боем курантов произошла крупнейшая с 2017 года вспышка на Солнце. О регистрации рекорда сообщили на сайте Лаборатории солнечной астрономии ИКИ РАН и ИСЗФ СО РАН. Там уточнили, что влияние этого явления на Землю полностью исключено.

m.lenta.ru

 

[Ca.]

On New Year's Eve, the largest solar flare since 2017 occurred. The registration of the record was reported on the website of the Laboratory of Solar Astronomy of the IKI RAS and the ISSF SB RAS.

Here also is a more in-depth article and what it may imply about its Kp levels.

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT JANUARY 01_2023

Major X5.0 solar flare erupts from Region 3536 — the strongest flare of Solar Cycle 25

A major X5.0 solar flare erupted from Active Region 3536 at 21:55 UTC on December 31, 2023. The event started at 21:36 and ended at 22:08 UTC. This is now the strongest solar flare of the current…

watchers.news

A major X5.0 solar flare erupted from Active Region 3536 at 21:55 UTC on December 31, 2023. The event started at 21:36 and ended at 22:08 UTC. This is now the strongest solar flare of the current solar cycle — Solar Cycle 25 — and the strongest flare since X9.3 on September 6, 2017.

A Type IV radio emission was associated with the event. Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the Sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and solar radiation storms.

Additionally, the flare event was associated with a 10cm Radio Burst (tenflare) lasting 21 minutes and with a peak flux of 3 100 pfu. A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

The location of this region does not favor Earth-directed CMEs, but this will change in the days ahead as it rotates toward the center of the disk.

This region was named 3514 during the last transit and was responsible for the X2.8 solar flare on December 14 — the strongest solar flare since September 2017 before today’s X5.0.

There is a small possibility that a part of the CME may reach Earth in a couple of days.



Radio frequencies were forecast to be most degraded over the Pacific Ocean at the time of the flare.

In addition to the X-flare, the newly numbered Region 3536 (N05E75, Hax/alpha) produced an M1.0 flare at 19:12 UTC on December 31.

Regions 3533 (N14W78, Bxo/beta) and 3534 (S13E03, Dao/beta) were seen to be in decay while Region 3531 (S20W77, Hsx/alpha) was stable over the past 24 hours.

View attachment 1704091199875.webp

Three prominent filament eruptions were observed during the same period. The first filament eruption occurred in the vicinity of S40E65 at around 06:00 UTC on December 31, the second was near N38W50 at around 09:00 UTC, and the third was located near S52E68 at around 17:00 UTC.

Three CMEs associated with the filament eruptions have been analyzed and determined to be directed off the Sun-Earth line, SWPC forecasters said.

As of this report, LASCO satellite imagery had not been updated to include the X5.0 flare.

No Earth-directed CMEs were observed in available coronagraph imagery.

Solar activity is expected to be low with M-class flares likely, and a chance for X-class flares through January 3, particularly from new Region 3536.

Periods of active geomagnetic field conditions are expected on January 1 and 2, with quiet and unsettled levels expected on January 3, due to negative polarity coronal hole high speed stream (CH HSS) influences.

Featured image: X5.0 solar flare on December 31, 2023. Credit: NASA/SDO AIA 304

G3-G4 STORM TO HIT EARTH ON 1-2-24 WHICH WILL TRIGGER MASSIVE EARTHQUAKES VOLCANOS AND MORE.

— James Jonathan Joseph (@Apocalypse2015) January 1, 2024

Heads up! MAJOR X5.0 Solar Flare DEC 31 2023https://t.co/dpybmWf9Mb #SolarFlare

— TheEarthMaster (@RealEarthMaster) December 31, 2023

 

[Ca.]

It is noted that the outbreak can be called an "event of exceptional strength", since the power in the current solar cycle exceeds previous records by half. She was previously awarded a score of X5.0 (the previous record, recorded on December 14, 2023, was X2.8).

No one including @NWSSWPC could have predicted this #NewYearSolarFlare given that it occurred in an active region which just turned to visible solar side - implying no reliable magnetic field observations. This is why L5 missions with magnetograph instrument are necessary.. pic.twitter.com/3Kfe3p5iQ9

— Dibyendu Nandi (@ydnad0) January 1, 2024

The super #solarstorm launched during a X4.98-flare New Year's Eve will clip Earth. NOAA prediction shows impact early January 2 (UTC). The storm should hit hard, but last less than a day. Expect bright, but short-lived #aurora plus #radio signal disruptions on Earth's nightside. pic.twitter.com/xuH9uhOcSK

— Dr. Tamitha Skov (@TamithaSkov) January 1, 2024

Yes, but with big X-flares like this often come very large #solarstorms. The EIT wave (aka blast wave) on the Sun that @HaloCME shared showed it reaching mid-disk. That often is an indicator that the storm will graze us. So I agree with NOAA/SWPC's prediction.

— Dr. Tamitha Skov (@TamithaSkov) January 2, 2024

Japan Earthquakes continue. 4.1 EQ Southern Cali. Yellowstone Swarming. MON 1/1/2024

 

[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT JANUARY 02_2024

Solar activity has been at moderate levels for the past 24 hours. Two significant events were recorded from AR3536 (same region that produced the X5 flare) An M2.3 class flare observed at 08:54 UTC which caused a minor R1 radio blackout over Indian Ocean.​

The second event an M4.6 at 12:25 UTC the flare caused a Minor R1 radio blackout over South Atlantic Ocean

TWO M FLARES IN QUICK SUCCESSION: Sunspot region produced two M flares this morning in less than 4 hours. The first an M2 and then an M5 (building to an even bigger event?). This region seems to be several spot regions which we will see more clearly as they come onto the disk. pic.twitter.com/K1qgTwxv3E

— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) January 1, 2024

FALLING MATERIAL HEATS THE SURFACE OF THE SUN:
Here we have a normal filament eruption. It starts to rise, accelerates and then blows away from the Sun. But this one did not have enough power to get rid of the plasma so much of it fell back. Note the brightening where it impacts pic.twitter.com/AupN6wwfRw

— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) January 1, 2024

There are currently 2 sunspot regions on the solar disk: AR3534, AR3536

AR3531 & AR3533 are gone

RAPIDLY GROWING SUNSPOT REGION: The large region in the south is the X flare group. If you look at the magnetograms, it is obviously several regions. But there is a new group developing just north of there. In just 6 hours a single tiny spot rapidly evolves into a complex group. pic.twitter.com/auoT8J1c4t

— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) January 2, 2024

Total number of sunspots has decreased to 44 (13 of these are grouped into 2 active regions) NOAA forecasts for the next 24h: 99% chance for C flares, 60% chance M flares and 25% chance for X flares. All regions have stable magnetic fields.​

● Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet to active levels (Kp4) for the past 24 hours. On January 1st solar wind speed reached a peak of 457 km/sec (Elevated speed) at 00:57 UTC. Total IMF reached 11 nT at 20:44 UTC Active Geomagnetic Conditions (Kp4) threshold reached at 22:30 UTC
​

GLANCING-BLOW CME TODAY: A CME is expected to graze Earth's magnetic field today, Jan. 2nd. Normally, grazing impacts have little effect, but this one might be different. The CME was hurled into space by the strongest solar flare of Solar Cycle 25, an X5-class explosion on New Year's Eve. G1-class geomagnetic storms are likely when the CME arrives. SpaceWeather.com​

Aurora Oval Bz: 3.59 nT North

● Current Conditions at 04:00 UTC on January 02

▪︎ Geospace unsettled (Kp 3)
▪ Solar wind speed record: 413 km/sec (Elevated speed)
▪︎ density: 8.32 p/cm³ (low density)
▪︎ Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF)
Bt: 8.86 nT
▪︎ Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 19.84x1010 W Warm
▪︎ Neutron Counts today: - 5.0 % (Low)
▪︎ X-ray Solar Flare: C1 2249 UT Jan 01
▪︎ Sunspot number: 44 (SN 55 January 01)
▪︎ Spotless Days 2023 total: 0 days (0%)
• Solar wind flowing from a coronal hole should reach Earth on Jan 1-2 2024.

.........
SpaceWeatherlive.com
SpaceWeather.com

 

[Ca.]

Get the latest scoop on the near X5-flare and its impacts at Earth in this latest #SpaceWeatherWoman forecast up now! Learn details of the super #solarstorm set to graze Earth, when #aurora may be visible, & why amateur #radio & #GPS users frown this week: https://t.co/Mw9h9LfusK pic.twitter.com/azPCCsfVbi

— Dr. Tamitha Skov (@TamithaSkov) January 2, 2024

GEOMAGNETIC STORM PREDICTED TO HIT US THIS MORNING: The solar wind speed could get as high as 800 km/s (that's very high). But no sign of it yet. It did go to over 450 km/s. We may have lucked out! pic.twitter.com/R4Trw3bf3w

— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) January 2, 2024

Iceland Eruption likely in days ahead. East Coast EQ activity. TUES 1/2/2024

Lewotobi Lakilaki volcano (Flores, Indonesia): increasing activity sent alert level to Level 3

Lewotobi volcano (Flores, Indonesia): news & activity updates

www.volcanodiscovery.com

Tue, 2 Jan 2024, 08:21 08:21 AM | BY: MARTIN
The activity of the volcano has been intensifying over the past several days.

A significant flank fissure, about 160 meters long, on the northwestern side of the summit followed the new eruptive period at the volcano on 23 December. New fissures have been widening gradually in the northeast direction. On 1 January, the location of the eruptive activity has shifted and eruptions started to occur from a south-southeast summit fissure.

Earthquakes have been more frequent under the volcano during the last month. Moreover, Real-time Seismic Amplitude Measurement (RSAM) detection continues at elevated levels, including periods of high amplitude tremor.

Thus, a decision has been made to rise the alert level for the volcano from Level II (Waspada) to Level III (Siaga). Due to the alert level rise, the exclusion zone around the main crater extended from 2 to 3 km radius. People are advised to avoid the exclusion zone due to potential hazards of pyroclastic flows with sliding distance of up to 4 km to the north, northwest, south and southwest.



Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi volcano activity update 1 January 2024


Near-constant ash emissions from Lewotobi Lakilaki volcano on 1 January (source: PVMBG)

The scary sound of Earth’s magnetic field

Despite being essential to life on Earth, the magnetic field isn’t something we can actually see in itself, or ever hear. But, remarkably, scientists at the Technical University of Denmark have taken magnetic signals measured by ESA’s Swarm satellite mission and converted them into sound – and...

www.esa.int

24/10/2022
Despite being essential to life on Earth, the magnetic field isn’t something we can actually see in itself or ever hear. But, remarkably, scientists at the Technical University of Denmark have taken magnetic signals measured by ESA’s Swarm satellite mission and converted them into sound – and for something that protects us, the result is pretty scary.
The force that protects our planet
Earth’s magnetic field is a complex and dynamic bubble that keeps us safe from cosmic radiation and charged particles carried by powerful winds flowing from the Sun. When these particles collide with atoms and molecules – mainly oxygen and nitrogen – in the upper atmosphere, some of the energy in the collisions is transformed into the green-blue light that is typical of the aurora borealis, which can sometimes be seen from high-northern latitudes.

While the aurora borealis offers a visual display of charged particles from the Sun interacting with Earth’s magnetic field, actually being able to hear the magnetic field generated by Earth or its interaction with solar winds is another matter.

Our magnetic field is largely generated by an ocean of superheated, swirling liquid iron that makes up the outer core around 3000 km beneath our feet. Acting as a spinning conductor in a bicycle dynamo, it creates electrical currents, which in turn, generate our continuously changing electromagnetic field.

Launched in 2013, ESA’s trio of Swarm satellites are being used to understand exactly how our magnetic field is generated by measuring precisely the magnetic signals that stem not only from Earth’s core, but also from the mantle, crust and oceans, as well as from the ionosphere and magnetosphere. Swarm is also leading to new insights into weather in space.

Musician and project supporter Klaus Nielsen, from the Technical University of Denmark, explains, “The team used data from ESA’s Swarm satellites, as well as other sources, and used these magnetic signals to manipulate and control a sonic representation of the core field. The project has certainly been a rewarding exercise in bringing art and science together.”

It might sound like the stuff of nightmares, but, remarkably, this audio clip represents the magnetic field generated by Earth’s core and its interaction with a solar storm.

We can't see it, but can we hear it? 🧲

It might sound like the stuff of nightmares, but this audio clip represents the magnetic field generated by Earth’s core and its interaction with a solar storm.@esa_swarmhttps://t.co/QQBo6VUb1G pic.twitter.com/RTvyqCfFqH

— ESA Earth Observation (@ESA_EO) January 2, 2024

“We gained access to a very interesting sound system consisting of over 30 loudspeakers dug into the ground at the Solbjerg Square in Copenhagen.

“We have set it up so that each speaker represents a different location on Earth and demonstrates how our magnetic field has fluctuated over the last 100 000 years.

“Throughout this week, visitors will be able to hear the amazing rumble of our magnetic field – so if you are in Copenhagen come along and check out this unique opportunity.

“The rumbling of Earth’s magnetic field is accompanied by a representation of a geomagnetic storm that resulted from a solar flare on 3 November 2011, and indeed it sounds pretty scary.”

The intention, of course, is not to frighten people – it is a quirky way of reminding us that the magnetic field exists and although its rumble is a little unnerving, the existence of life on Earth is dependent on it.



The loudspeakers at Solbjerg Square in Copenhagen, Denmark, will broadcast the rumble of Earth’s magnetic field on 24–30 October around 08:00, 13:00 and 19:00.

Bringing Earth’s magnetic rumble to Copenhagen

Bringing Earth’s magnetic rumble to Copenhagen

Despite being essential to life on Earth, the magnetic field isn’t something we can actually see in itself, or ever hear. But, remarkably, scientists at the ...

www.youtube.com

 

[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE 25 ACTIVITY REPORT JANUARY 03_2024

Solar activity has been at moderate levels for the past 24 hours. The largest solar event of the period was a M1 event observed at 1830 UTC from AR3536. The flare caused a Minor R1 radio blackout over South Pacific Ocean
​

There are currently 3 sunspot regions on the solar disk: AR3534, AR3536 and new region AR3537

Total number of sunspots has increased to 59 (19 of these are grouped into 3 active regions) NOAA forecasts for the next 24h: 99% chance for C flares, 60% chance M flares and 25% chance for X flares. Sunspot AR3536 has a 'delta-class' magnetic field that poses a continued threat for strong X-class solar flares.​

STRANGELY-MAGNETIZED SUNSPOT: There's something strange about sunspot AR3536. Its magnetic field is cockeyed. This magnetic map from NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory shows what we mean:​

​

All sunspots have two magnetic poles, plus (+) and minus (-). They're supposed to be oriented side-by-side, like this:

. Instead, the magnetic field of AR3536 is perpendicular to normal:

. This twist may explain why the sunspot is so active. Twisted magnetic fields harbor extra energy for solar flares. In the past 2 days, AR3636 has unleashed four M-class flares and an X5-class flare that ranks as the most powerful explosion of Solar Cycle 25 (so far).
If this strange magnetization persists, more flares may in the offing.​

Misinformation is rampant on social media. Not only did they invent that the X5 class flare caused the quake in Japan. Now they are inventing that it will knock out satellites.

There’s no doubt that the earthquake/tsunami in Japan would’ve been caused by the X class flare.
Just after I posted the other day about expecting a X class flare to start 2024 I also posted this on my instagram.
It’s the emblem of Tokyo, Japan ☀️ X

💫♾️ pic.twitter.com/5FVNDfBjQl

— Ben (@itsallaillusion) January 1, 2024

This flagrant misinformation (from a ‘blue tick’) has received more engagement than any legitimate post I’ve seen about this flare from actual experts. The large flare happened, but in no way will the associated eruption ‘knock out GPS and satellites’. Pure lies from Chuck! https://t.co/9XJrolr8yn

— Dr. Ryan French (@RyanJFrench) January 2, 2024

● Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet to active levels for the past 24 hours. On January 02 Solar wind speed reached a peak of 454 km/s (Elevated speed) at 1135 UTC Total IMF reached 12 nT at 0207 UTC (Strong impact to Earth's magnetic field)
​

GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH--CANCELED: A CME expected to graze Earth's magnetic field on Jan. 2nd has either missed or it is approaching more slowly than expected. Either way, a geomagnetic storm is now unlikely. The CME was hurled into space by the strongest solar flare of Solar Cycle 25, an X5-class explosion on New Year's Eve. If Earth had been directly in the line of fire, we might now be experiencing strong-to-severe geomagnetic storms.​

Aurora Oval Bz: 2.54 nT North

● Current Conditions at 04:45 UTC on January 03

▪︎ Geospace unsettled (Kp 3)
▪ Solar wind speed record: 406 km/sec (Elevated speed)
▪︎ density: 3.45 p/cm³ (low density)
▪︎ Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF)
Bt: 6.7 nT
▪︎ Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 19.82x1010 W Warm
▪︎ Neutron Counts today: - 4.0 % (Low)
▪︎ X-ray Solar Flare: C1 0330 UT Jan03
▪︎ Sunspot number: 59 (SN 44 January 02)
▪︎ Spotless Days 2023 total: 0 days (0%)
• Earth is inside a stream of solar wind from a large coronal hole.

.........
SpaceWeatherlive.com
SpaceWeather.com

 

[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE ACTIVITY REPORT JANUARY 04_2023

Solar activity has been at low levels for the past 24 hours. The largest solar event of the period was a C3 event observed at 1018 UTC from Region 3536 (N06E37).

There are currently 4 sunspot regions on the solar disk: AR3534, AR3536, AR3537 and new region AR3538​

Total number of sunspots has increased to 63 (23 of these are grouped into 4 active regions) NOAA forecasts for the next 24h: 95% chance for C flares, 55% chance M flares and 25% chance for X flares.

AR3536 has a 'delta-class' magnetic field that poses a continued threat for strong X-class solar flares.​

● Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet to unsettled levels for the past 24 hours. On January 03 Solar wind speed reached a peak of 496 km/s (Elevated speed) at 19:52 UTC Total IMF reached 11 nT at 05:17 UTC (Strong impact to Earth's magnetic field)​

POLAR CAP ABSORPTION EVENT: The X5-flare that happened on New Year's Eve is still affecting Earth four days later. A polar cap absorption event (PCA) is underway, shown here in a shortwave radio blackout map from NOAA:​

​

Red zones in this global map show where radio transmissions are being absorbed. Frequencies below 10 MHz are almost completely blacked out, while anything below 35 MHz is being attentuated, at least a little.​

What's causing this? Protons accelerated by the New Year's Eve explosion (and subsequent lesser flares from the same sunspot) are hitting our planet. Earth's magnetic field funnels these particles toward the poles where their ionizing effect causes the absorption of shortwave radio. This can affect international aviators flying polar routes. SpaceWeather.com​

Aurora Oval Bz: 1.6 nT North

● Current Conditions at 04:25 UTC on January 04

▪︎ Geospace quiet (Kp 2)
▪ Solar wind speed record: 455.4 km/sec (Elevated speed)
▪︎ density: 6.92 p/cm³ (low density)
▪︎ Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF)
Bt: 6.34 nT
▪︎ X-ray Solar Flare: M3 0155 UT Jan04 from AR3536 the flare caused a Minor R1 radio blackout over Southeast Asia

DOUBLE M FLARES: An M1 flare was immediately followed by an M3 event. You can see the M1 brighten as the large loops form arching of AR3536. Then the big flare forms blasting out a stream of 10Mk plasma to the the SE. pic.twitter.com/3FmpxVzwLc

— Keith Strong (@drkstrong) January 4, 2024

▪︎ Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 19.82x1010 W Warm
▪︎ Neutron Counts today: - 3.6 % (Low)
▪︎ Sunspot number: 63 (SN 59 January 03)
▪︎ Spotless Days 2023 total: 0 days (0%)
• There are no significant coronal holes on the Earthside of the sun.

.........
SpaceWeatherlive.com
SpaceWeather.com

 

[Puma]

SOLAR CYCLE ACTIVITY REPORT JANUARY 05_2023

Solar activity has been at moderate levels for the past 24 hours. The largest solar event of the period was a M3.8 event observed at 0155 UTC from Region 3536 (N06E24, see previous report)

🌞Sun news Jan 4, 2024: Sunspot region AR3536 is going strong

📰AR3536 has continued its moderate flare activity, releasing back-to-back M flares, an M1.1 and an M3.9, early on January 4. The M3.9 flare released a fast jet and CME

🧐MORE at EarthSky: https://t.co/xD29wLfm4e pic.twitter.com/j1igaOpKd9

— Dr. C. Alex Young (@TheSunToday) January 4, 2024

Low solar activity since the M3.8 solar flare yesterday evening, although the threat for additional M-Flares remains. A minor (S1) radiation storm also remains in progress. Full update via https://t.co/aqK4Q6XdAY pic.twitter.com/atrsktJBGv

— SolarHam (@SolarHam) January 5, 2024

ANOTHER STRONG SOLAR FLARE (UPDATED): Demonstrating its continued potency, sunspot AR3536 produced another strong flare today. The M4-class explosion peaked on Jan. 4th at 0155 UT, and hurled a streamer of plasma into space:​

​

Extreme ultraviolet radiation from the flare ionized the top of Earth's atmosphere, causing a shortwave radio blackout over Australia and the surrounding Pacific Ocean. Mariners may have noticed loss of signal at frequencies below 20 MHz for more than 30 minutes after the flare's peak.​

Update: Newly-arriving images from SOHO coronagraphs show no significant Earth-directed CME. This explosion will not be geoeffective.​

There are currently 4 sunspot regions on the solar disk: AR3534, AR3536, AR3537, AR3538


Total number of sunspots has increased to 64 (24 of these are grouped into 4 active regions) NOAA forecasts for the next 24h: 90% chance for C flares, 40% chance M flares and 15% chance for X flares.

AR3536 has a delta-class magnetic field that poses a threat for strong X-class solar flares while AR3537 and AR3538 have also developed a delta class magnetic field but its threat is low for X-class flares.​

● Auroral Activity

The geomagnetic field has been at quiet to unsettled levels for the past 24 hours. On January 03 Solar wind speed reached a peak of 481 km/s (Elevated speed) at 21:38 UTC Total IMF reached 8 nT at 21:38 UTC​

Aurora Oval Bz: -1.93 nT South

● Current Conditions at 03:45 UTC on January 05

▪︎ Geospace quiet (Kp 2)
▪ Solar wind speed record: 494 km/sec (Elevated speed)
▪︎ density: 2.67 p/cm³ (low density)
▪︎ Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF)
Bt: 3.91 nT
▪︎ X-ray Solar Flare: C3 0052 UT Jan05
▪︎ Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 19.78x1010 W Warm
▪︎ Neutron Counts today: - 3.8 % (Low)
▪︎ Sunspot number: 64 (SN 63 January 04)
▪︎ Spotless Days 2023 total: 0 days (0%)
• There are no significant coronal holes on the Earthside of the sun.

.........
SpaceWeatherlive.com
SpaceWeather.com