Comparing Iran's domestic air defense systems, primarily the Bavar-373, with Russia's S-400 air defense system involves evaluating their technical capabilities, operational effectiveness, and strategic roles. Below is a detailed comparison based on available information, focusing on the Bavar-373 as Iran's primary long-range air defense system and the S-400 as a benchmark for advanced air defense technology.
### 1. **Overview of Systems**
#### **Iran's Bavar-373**
- **Development**: The Bavar-373 is Iran's domestically developed long-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) system, unveiled in 2016 and declared operational in 2019. It was designed as a response to the delayed delivery of Russian S-300 systems and is claimed to rival both the S-300 and S-400.[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bavar-373)
- **Purpose**: Intended to protect critical infrastructure, such as nuclear sites and military facilities, against a variety of aerial threats, including aircraft, drones, and ballistic missiles.
- **Manufacturer**: Produced by the Iranian Ministry of Defence in collaboration with local manufacturers and universities.
#### **Russia's S-400 Triumf (SA-21 Growler)**
- **Development**: The S-400 is an advanced Russian SAM system, an evolution of the S-300 family, operational since 2007. It is designed to counter a wide range of aerial threats, including stealth aircraft, ballistic missiles, and cruise missiles.[](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-400_missile_system)
- **Purpose**: Provides strategic air defense for high-value targets, with deployments in Russia, Syria, and other allied nations.
- **Manufacturer**: Developed by Almaz-Antey, a leading Russian defense contractor.
### 2. **Technical Specifications**
Feature | Bavar-373 (Iran) | S-400 (Russia) |
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Range | Claimed detection range: 450 km; tracking range: 405 km; engagement range: 300 km | Detection range: up to 600 km; engagement range: up to 400 km (with 40N6 missile) |
Altitude | Up to 27 km (claimed) | Up to 30 km (with 40N6 missile) |
Target Types | Aircraft, drones, cruise missiles, ballistic missiles (claimed) | Stealth aircraft, ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, UAVs |
Radar | Phased array radar for tracking; uses Sayyad-4 missile with active radar homing | 92N6E Grave Stone radar; multiple radar types for long-range detection |
Missile Types | Sayyad-4 (long-range); possibly others for different ranges | 48N6DM, 40N6, 9M96E, 9M96E2 (various ranges and capabilities) |
Simultaneous Targets | Can track up to 200 targets, engage 6 targets with 12 missiles simultaneously | Can track up to 300 targets, engage 36 targets with 72 missiles simultaneously |
Mobility | Road-mobile, mounted on ZAFAR heavy trucks | Road-mobile, highly deployable with transporter-erector-launchers (TELs) |
Anti-Stealth Capability | Claimed capability to detect stealth aircraft like F-35 | Advanced anti-stealth radar capabilities (disputed effectiveness) |