Caesar’s memory is illuminated as that of no other ruler by the claim that, if it had been granted him to work with unrestricted power, he would have led the whole of the known world to happiness; that he would have given it the best form accessible to the wisest, strongest, most kindly, best educated, and spiritually wealthiest of men; that he had both the ability and the will to do this. The ability he certainly had: he had no less intelligence than Napoleon, and when he came into power he was not faced like Napoleon with the hopeless task of continually overthrowing one Great Power after another. Would he have had the will? He was spared the test, perhaps to the misfortune of humanity, perhaps for the good of his own memory.
It is justifiable to have our doubts even of Caesar, difficult though it may be to withhold our homage to his sceptical superiority. Behind the genius of Caesar as soldier and statesman, behind his personal attractiveness, his wide reading, his artistic receptivity, his literary gift, his wit, his generosity, and his goodness, lurked all the characteristics of obsession with power. What would he have done, with what cunning, with what mercilessness, with what disregard of the happiness and misery of human beings and of all humanity, if the power he had won had been challenged from any quarter? That is the test question.